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Neither you nor he has been to Beijing. (√)【解析】 neither . . . nor 連接的并列主語(you , he)雖然表示兩個人,但根據(jù)語言規(guī)則,當(dāng)它連接并列主語的時候,謂語動詞根據(jù)就近原則,該由 he 決定,因此第②句正確。同學(xué)們?nèi)菀族e誤理解“第 20 課和最后一課”,如果表示兩課, 應(yīng)該表達(dá)為“the twentieth lesson and the last lesson”。誤區(qū)三 誤用語言規(guī)則1. 表示時間、距離、金錢、重量、數(shù)量等名詞做主語①Ten years are quite a long time. ()②Ten years is quite a long time. (√)【解析】表示時間、距離、金錢、重量、數(shù)量等名詞的復(fù)數(shù)做主語時看作一個整體,謂語動詞要用單數(shù),容易錯誤理解為復(fù)數(shù)而出現(xiàn)第①句的錯誤。因此第一個 family 表示整體概念,譯為“家庭”,第二個 family 表示個體概念,譯為“家人”,第②句正確。4. 集合名詞①Their family is very happy. Now their family is watching TV. ()②Their family is very happy. Now their family are watching TV. (√)【解析】 family 是一個集合名詞,表示整體概念時謂語用單數(shù),表示個體概念時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 如果將原題改為: There ________ (be) a few sheep eating grass on the hill. Can you see them? 那又會怎么樣呢。類似的有:physics , news , politics . . .2. 看似單數(shù)卻表復(fù)數(shù)概念①The police is searching for the robbers. ()②The police are searching for the robbers. (√)【解析】 the police 譯為“警方”,表示復(fù)數(shù)概念,而不是表示“那個警察”,因此第②句 正確,類似的詞有:people , the + 形容詞,the + 姓 + family 等均表復(fù)數(shù)概念。特別提醒:定語從句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)該與先行詞保持一致。4. 定語從句 ①I like the photos which was taken in Beijing. ()②I like the photos which were taken in Beijing. (√)【解析】 which were taken in Beijing 是一個定語從句,用于修飾先行詞 the photos,而 which 本身就代替先行詞 the photos。特別提醒:類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有:主語+with / like / except / but / together with / as well as . . . , 謂語動詞應(yīng)與主語一致,而與介詞短語之后的名詞無關(guān)。該句譯為“像蘋 果、桔子之類的水果對我們的身體是有好處的”。因此第②句正確。 倒裝句 ①Between the two buildings are a big tree. ()②Between the two buildings is a big tree. (√)【解析】 第①句謂語動詞使用 are,錯誤地認(rèn)為 the two buildings 是該句的主語,但實(shí)際上是介詞 between 的賓語,一起構(gòu)成介詞短語,而介詞短語不能充當(dāng)主語。三、 初中英語“主謂一致”難點(diǎn)誤區(qū):誤區(qū)一 誤認(rèn)主語1.例如:There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本書,三只鋼筆。 The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。18. the+形容詞表示一類人時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示抽象概念時,用單數(shù)形式。例如:This pair of shoes is Tom’s. 這雙鞋是湯姆的。The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)超過 800人。16. a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是湯姆就是杰克錯了。15. 由 both…and… 連接兩個單數(shù)名詞做主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;由 or, either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,連接兩個名詞或代詞做主語時,根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動詞形式。14. 以—s 結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,謂語通常用單數(shù)形式,如 news, maths, physics 等, 例如: No news is good news. 沒有消息就是好消息。例如:Each of them has an English dictionary. 他們每人都有一本英語詞典。Nobody was in. 沒有人在家。My family all l