【正文】 too difficult to eyeball). Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 53 5. Identify the How Much?s ? Fill in the How Much?s table at the bottom of the relationship matrix with a measurable item corresponding to the How in the same column. ? Can you measure each of these How Much?s? If not, another iteration is needed (step 3b). Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 54 6. Identify What?s Priorities ? Identify the priority level of each What and place in the priority column. ? Assign each What a weight of importance (additional importance multiplier), if required. ? This will be used to calculate the relationship matrix cell absolute value later Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 55 7. Complete Competitors Analysis ? Fill in the petitors analysis charts ? Who has peting libraries in the Calgary area? ? Who has peting libraries on the Web? Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 56 8. Complete the Relationship Matrix ? Fill in the relationship matrix using the 531 model for each WhatHow relationship. ? For our manual process, place the relationship value in the upper left corner of the cell so that you will have room for the absolute cell value number later ? If you have any empty rows or columns in this matrix, you probably need to go back to step 3b Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 57 9. Complete the Correlation Matrix ? Identify the project tradeoffs by filling in the correlation matrix for the How?s ? Use these symbols so we can pare ? ++ for a strong positive relationship (+2) ? + for a positive relationship (+1) ? for a negative relationship (1) ? for a strong negative relationship (2) ? Items that will force a tradeoff will have a large negative correlation value in total Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 58 10. Calculate Relative Importance ? Multiple each What vs How Relationship cell by the cell weight calculated in step 6. ? Sum the rows and columns, this is the Absolute Importance Value. Rank the scores from highest to lowest sequentially for the Relative Importance Value. ? This is a simplistic version of prioritization, many other QFD Importance calculations exist. Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 59 11. Decide What to Promote ? What How?s should you promote to Phase 2? Make a decision and e back to the presentation. ? Why did you choose those How?s for promotion? ? Why are the class results different/similar? Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 60 Exercise Conclusion ? What were the advantages of QFD as demonstrated by the exercise? ? What were the disadvantages of QFD as demonstrated by the exercise? Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 61 Comparison of RE Techniques ? QFD vs. JAD ? QFD vs. SSM ? QFD vs. SASD ? QFD vs. OO ? QFD vs. PD ? QFD vs. RAD Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 62 QFD vs. JAD QF D JAD Typ e G ro up se ssio n app ro ach G ro up se ssio n app ro ach G o al Client s q u ality ne e d Im pr o ve th e syst e m Driving fo rc e Cust o me r v o ice Hum an c o mm unic ation De fec t Pre ve ntio n Su itable Su itable Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 63 QFD vs. JAD cont. QF D JAD Co mm unicat ion/ Co op e ration So ftwar e pe rso nne l amp。1 Quality Function Deployment Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 2 Table of Contents ? Overview ? QFD: Step by Step ? Exercise ? Comparison of Different RE Techniques ? Application of QFD on Software Engineering ? QFD software list ? Discussion Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 3 Overview of QFD ? The History of QFD. ? What is QFD? ? Why use QFD? ? Characteristics of QFD? Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 4 History of QFD ? 1960?s, Yoji Akao conceptualized QFD. ? Statistical Quality Control, SQC, was the central quality control activity after WWII. ? SQC became Total Quality Control, TQC. ? QFD was derived from TQC. Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 5 Hinshitsu Kino Tenkai ? The original Japanese term for QFD, Hinshitsu Kino Tenkai, was originally translated into Quality Function Evolution. ? The term Evolution was thought inappropriate so Deployment was chosen even though it has very militaristic connotations in Japanese. ? The term can actually have even more translations as the terms cannot be precisely defined in English. Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 6 First Application of QFD ? 1966, Bridgestone Tire Corp first used a process assurance table. ? 1972, the process assurance table was retooled by Akao to include QFD process. ? 1972, Kobe Shipyards (of Mitsubishi Heavy Industry) began a QFD Oil Tanker project. ? 1978, Kobe Shipyards published their quality chart for the tanker. Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 7 QFD Takes Hold ? The first paper on QFD was published in 1972. ? In 1978, the first book on QFD was published in Japanese. ? In 1983, the first English QFD article was published in North America. ? By the late 1970?s most of the Japanese manufacturing industry were using QFD. Nov 23, 2020 SENG 613 QFD 8 QFD in North America ? QFD spread rapidly in North America during the 1980?s ? The Automobile industry and Manufacturing began heavy use of QFD at this time. ? QFD symposiums (North