內(nèi)部會(huì)計(jì)控制相關(guān)的外文翻譯--erp系統(tǒng)在財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告內(nèi)部控制的作用-會(huì)計(jì)審計(jì)-文庫吧資料
2025-01-27 07:37本頁面
【正文】 RP adoption（ Bagranoff and Vendrzk 2021。 Doyle et al. 2021). Section 404, which requires a much more extensive review of internal controls, became effective in 2021 under a twophase schedule. In the first phase, pliance is required for panies known as accelerated filers in annual reports for fiscal years ending on or after November 15, 2021 SEC 2021. The second phase, which includes pliances for all other panies, has been extended several times and is now effective for fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2021, for the management report and June 15, 2021, for the auditor attestation report （ SEC 2021） .Although the exact form and language of the management report on internal controls may vary from one firm to another, the report must disclose if there are any material weaknesses in the internal controls over 第 11 頁 共 13 頁 financial reporting. Therefore, it is now possible to measure the effectiveness of internal controls by analyzing the material weaknesses disclosed in these reports. Section 404 has been used by researchers to examine such issues as the increased cost of audits （ Raghunandan and Rama 2021） , delays in audits （ Ettredge et al. 2021） , percent of filers reporting deficiencies （ Grant et al. 2021） , the relationship between internal control weaknesses （ ICW） and the cost of equity （ Ogneva et al. 2021。 AshbaughSkaife et al. 2021） . Earnings management is the agency problem that motivated SOX legislation in the first place, specifically earnings manipulation by Enron, WorldCom, etc. ERP systems provide a mechanism to deliver fast, accurate financial reporting with builtin controls that are designed to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the financial information being reported to shareholders. In addition to the increased assurances provided to the external principals （ shareholders）about the behavior of the agents （ management） , ERP systems should also help mitigate the agency problem between various levels of management in large corporations. The added transparency bined with the use of builtin controls should make it more difficult for agents at all levels to benefit from unobservable behavior. It is possible, however, that firms implementing ERP systems may not take advantage of all the builtin control features, either for legitimate business reasons or because management wants to avoid the added transparency in order to manage （ manipulate） earnings. By examining the effectiveness of these controls, this study not only extends the agency theory stream of research, it also examines this tension 第 8 頁 共 13 頁 between earnings management and internal control with testable hypotheses related to overall internal controls, general（ entitywide） controls, and specific （ accountlevel） controls. The study uses a sample of 108 firms that announced implementation of ERP systems between 1994 and 2021, and an equal number of control firms, matched by industry and size. The results provide evidence that ERPimplementing firms are less likely to report internal control weaknesses （ ICW） than the nonERP control firms. This study further examines factors contributing to ICW and finds that those related to general （ entitywide） controls and specific （ accountlevel） controls are both less likely to contribute to ICW in ERP firms than in nonERP control firms. This study also finds evidence that the advantage for ERP firms strengthened over time, which suggests that firms may be implementing more of the builtin controls provided by ERP systems as they gain experience with the system. These findings are important because both SOX and ERP have been the subject of much discussion and research in the academic and professional munities in recent years. Cost is often the mon denominator, with the high cost of SOX pliance and the high cost of implementing ERP systems used as the basis for many research questions. These findings provide evidence that ERP systems may contribute to improved internal controls, which is one of many arguments used in justifying the high cost of ERP systems. This study is believed to be the first empirical/archival test of those claims, and provides information about the factors that contribute to internal control weaknesses （ ICW） that both the academic and professional munities should find interesting. For instance, the most often cited factor is accounting documentation, policy, and/or procedures. As expected, this factor is found less frequently for ERP firms than for the control firms, perhaps justifying the effort needed to document systems during the implementation process. This study also extends the research stream on the relationship between IT and agency
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