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er and destiny of an uncharted continent. (注:過去分詞短語driven by powerful and diverse motivations作后置定語修飾movement,相當于定語從句:movement that is driven by,翻譯為被所驅動的運動。 例1:英語一:202246 the measure of the worth of any social institution (注:構成了A of B of C的結構,翻譯為C的B的A,即任何社會機構的價值的衡量標準) 例2:英語一:202247 but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us. (注:介詞短語of admitting修飾point,其中還嵌套了that引導的賓語從句作admitting的賓語,增加了修飾部分的理解難度) 2)分詞修飾 分詞可以充當形容詞修飾名詞,也可以充當副詞作狀語。它的固定翻譯為B的A?! ?)介詞修飾,尤其A of B結構。請注意that of這一常考結構,that指代前面的某個名詞。雖然that在句中多引導從句,但是它也可以作代詞?! ±?:英語一:202247 By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works. (注:根據(jù)語境可知he指代Beethoven,his也指的是他?! ?)中英文差異:英語總是主句用名詞,從句用代詞?! 》g代詞時要注意: 1)就近指代。代詞外,也要注意it,that等在句中有多種用法的單詞,例如it出現(xiàn)時可能是形式主語、形式賓語、強調句或者指代,需要根據(jù)句法判斷到底是哪種情況,以采用不同處理方式。不然后果極有可能導致扣分。在考研翻譯中,如果出現(xiàn)代詞,我們必須秉承一個原則,那就是如果代詞不翻譯會導致句意不完整或者不清晰的話,我們一定要將此代詞還原。interplay of?! 〔⒘薪Y構 判斷依據(jù):并列關系前后的性質、結構形式、功能一致,語義相關 例1:英語一:2022 48 an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. (注:and并列的內容是established conventions和special responsibilities) 例2:英語一:202248 This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, ①and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top ②and the inferiority of those at the bottom. (注:第一個and并列的內容是a justification for neglect of those in need和a rationalization of ...?! . 狀語與主語不一致的考法 With+邏輯主語(賓格)+分詞結構,主謂賓. 翻譯方法:判定獨立主格與主句的關系,將獨立主格結構部分還原為一句話來翻譯,添加句間關系?! ?)分詞做狀語,考頻非常高 a. 分詞的邏輯主語與主句主語一致考法 ?、偾爸脮r候較簡單 英語二2022:While producing large quantities of CO2, these puters emit a great deal of heat, so the centers need to be well airconditioned, which uses even more energy. 譯文:當這些計算機產生大量CO2的同時,還釋放出了大量的熱量,因此數(shù)據(jù)中心又必須裝備很好的散熱設備,這就會消耗更多的能源?! ∪敉徽Z從句位于主句的前半部分,本身又不是很短,則先翻譯同位語從句,再譯主句,此時往往以代詞的形式重復同位語從句所說明的詞,如這一想法,這一觀點,這一事實等。如果不需要強調,it也可以不譯出來。用it作形式主語的主語從句,翻譯時一般遵循先翻從句,再譯主句的原則?! ∮⒄Z二:2022 The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.)