【正文】 以期待應(yīng)用技術(shù)來預(yù)防更多的意外事故發(fā)生。根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可納入危險(xiǎn)管理系統(tǒng)的危險(xiǎn)值為：低于160時(shí)的危險(xiǎn)，否則，它會(huì)被認(rèn)為是不可承受的危險(xiǎn)事故。4結(jié)論本文主要內(nèi)容是考察了管理層在判斷建筑危害中應(yīng)用的安全性評(píng)估方法。（9）發(fā)揮媒體的咨詢作用，進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的安全性評(píng)估、設(shè)計(jì)、安全監(jiān)測(cè)、認(rèn)證和考試，以及意外傷害保險(xiǎn)賠償。當(dāng)認(rèn)識(shí)到嚴(yán)重后果的隱患和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，但沒有可用的措施之前，建設(shè)，施工計(jì)劃可能改變或放棄為避免風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。（7）開展風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避。（5）建立和落實(shí)，檢查系統(tǒng)的支架固定和拆卸起重機(jī)械，成型板，建立和落實(shí)制度，消除危害的技術(shù)，設(shè)備和材料，建立和實(shí)施項(xiàng)目系統(tǒng)研究項(xiàng)目的施工安全。（3）編制依據(jù)不同專業(yè)的職業(yè)經(jīng)理人的安全的安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管部根據(jù)建筑由大小的地盤遵守《組織對(duì)構(gòu)建企業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)和職業(yè)經(jīng)理人準(zhǔn)備》。建設(shè)行政主管部門應(yīng)加強(qiáng)項(xiàng)目前的審計(jì)。政府提出安全建設(shè)模式位“統(tǒng)一的模式，法律監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)企業(yè)所有安全監(jiān)管，部分群眾以及整個(gè)社會(huì)參與監(jiān)督”。D=LEC其中，D指該商標(biāo)，L是指事故的發(fā)生概率，E和C是指人類正暴露的頻率和在環(huán)境意味著損失。根據(jù)他們的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)，根據(jù)不同情況獨(dú)立變量的值，給出了三被標(biāo)記的對(duì)象，然后在危害水平也分為公式后的危險(xiǎn)值來計(jì)算。2危險(xiǎn)方法評(píng)估工作考慮到人的危險(xiǎn)在工作條件，格雷厄姆和吉爾伯特。安全文化是燦爛的，華民族文化的組成部分，華民族在生存和繁衍，}，與世界其他民族一起創(chuàng)造并傳播了安全文化?！鞍踩幕侨祟愇幕牟糠?，它涉及人類活動(dòng)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，存在于社會(huì)生活的各個(gè)方而。安全管理機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步健全，建立健全了一大批國(guó)際的、國(guó)家的、行業(yè)的、社會(huì)的、企業(yè)的安全管理機(jī)構(gòu)。大學(xué)和成人的專業(yè)化安全教育已初具規(guī)模，在有關(guān)政府機(jī)構(gòu)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的安全文化普及教育正蓬勃發(fā)展。安全文化從核安全文化、航空航天安全文化等企業(yè)安全文化，拓寬到全民安全文化，由此發(fā)展到了由安全觀念文化、安全行為文化、安全物質(zhì)文化組成的全民安全文化的新時(shí)代。但是，人類有意識(shí)地發(fā)展安全文化，還是近1 0余年的事，國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)在對(duì)1 9 8 6年發(fā)生的切爾諾貝利核泄漏事故調(diào)查分析的基礎(chǔ)上，于1 9 9 1年編寫的“7 5一工N 8 A G4 評(píng)。這樣做的安全評(píng)估、分析、論證和可能的損失建筑工程有關(guān)的傷害和影響范圍都最小。評(píng)估的目的是尋找出安全分析和預(yù)測(cè)危險(xiǎn)的方法，而且其結(jié)果與現(xiàn)有工程或一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，都需要合理并可行。這些條件不合理造成的勘查施工前和施工期間的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)不合理并會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)移到危險(xiǎn)性上。經(jīng)修訂的評(píng)估項(xiàng)目L的危險(xiǎn)方法隱藏的工作條件，存在由實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果確定了不同價(jià)值體系之間的能源和人工能源，表明該方法的科學(xué)性和實(shí)用性，并能提高安全成本的經(jīng)濟(jì)效率。 Smith, 1967。Stewart, 1997).Thus, it is easy to see the dramatic effect of losing employees who havevaluable concept of human capital and knowledge management is that people possess skills, experience and knowledge, and therefore have economic value to skills, knowledge and experience represent capital because they enhance productivity(Snell and Dean, 1992).Human capital theory postulates that some labor is more productive than other labor simply because more resources have been invested into the training of that labor, in the same manner that a machine that has had more resources invested into it is apt to be more productive(Mueller, 1982).One of the basic tenets of human capital theory is that, like any business investment, an “investment in skillbuilding would be more profitable and more likely to be undertaken the longer the period over which returns from the investment can accrue”(Mueller, 1982, ).Again, employee retention is important in realizing a full return on capital theory includes the length of service in the organization as aproxy for job relevant knowledge or person’s job relevant knowledge or ability influences that person’s wage, promotional opportunity and/or type of job(Becker, 1975。作者：蘇尼爾國(guó)籍：美國(guó)出處：《美國(guó)商業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)期刊》，2004年9月，第5259頁原文A Review of Employee Motivation Theories and theirImplicationsfor Employee Retention within OrganizationsWhy is it Necessary to Retain Critical Employees?Fitzenz(1997)stated that the average pany loses approximately $1 million with every 10 managerial and professional employees who leave the with direct and indirect costs, the total cost of anexempt employee turnover is a minimum of one year’s pay and benefits, or a maximum of two years’ pay is significant economic impact with an organization losing any of its critical employees, especially given the knowledge that is lost with the employee’s is the knowledge that is used to meet the needs knowledge to enhance organizational performance(Bassi, 1997).Furthermore, Toracco(2000)stated that although knowledge is now recognized as one of an organization’s most valuable assets most organizations lack the supportive systems required to retain and leverage the value of cannot afford to take a passive stance toward knowledge management in the hopes that people are acquiring and using knowledge, and that sources of knowledge are known and accessed throughout the , organizations seeking to sustain petitive advantage have moved quickly to develop systems to leverage the value of knowledge for this purpose(Robinson amp。組織將需要或創(chuàng)建一個(gè)智力資本環(huán)境下，知識(shí)的傳播的發(fā)生將遍及整個(gè)組織，或繼續(xù)通過工齡發(fā)展失去重要的個(gè)人知識(shí)。他的定義很簡(jiǎn)單“技能通過承諾而增加”()，智力資本的重要性等于知識(shí)，技能和每一個(gè)人在組織中的屬性乘以他們?cè)敢馀ぷ鳌?Smith，1967； Katz，1978)。人力資本理論還認(rèn)為員工在一個(gè)組織的服務(wù)長(zhǎng)度可以作為與職業(yè)相關(guān)的知識(shí)或能力的代表。人力資本理論的一條基本原則是，如同任何商業(yè)投資，“投資技能建設(shè)將更加有利可圖，更有可能將要持續(xù)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)期，從而獲得投資回報(bào)”(Mueller, 1982, )。這些技能，知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)代表了資本，因?yàn)樗鼈兲岣吡松a(chǎn)率(Snell and Dean, 1992)。因此，這很容易看到失去了寶貴的員工的知識(shí)的巨大影響。 Stern, 1997。組織不能只站在消極的立場(chǎng)上去希望人們?cè)谶@個(gè)組織內(nèi)能夠得到和利用那些已知的、可以接近的知識(shí)。知識(shí)的管理是創(chuàng)造、捕捉的過程以及知識(shí)來提高組織績(jī)效的進(jìn)程。對(duì)于一個(gè)組織來說，失去任何一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的雇員都會(huì)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響，特別是考慮到隨雇員離去而喪失的知識(shí)。第三篇：畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯譯文組織為留住員工的激勵(lì)理論以及它們的應(yīng)用的研究為什么必須要留住關(guān)鍵性的雇員？Fitzenz（1997年）提出，公司每失去10個(gè)管理上和專業(yè)上的員工就會(huì)損失100美元。他說，不良貸款的水平是可控的。他說，盡管如此，房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商以及供應(yīng)過剩行業(yè)的制造企業(yè)仍會(huì)不時(shí)地面臨由政策引發(fā)的再融資不確定性。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾(Standard amp。分析人士說，除了房地產(chǎn)，地方政府借的貸款將為銀行帶來更大的挑戰(zhàn)。廣發(fā)證券(GF Securities Co.)分析師沐華在最近的一份報(bào)告中說，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)減速，我們預(yù)計(jì)可能出現(xiàn)更多的不良貸款。從2009年到2011年這三年里，中資銀行共發(fā)放了25萬億元以人民幣計(jì)價(jià)的貸款，其中約有40%的貸款流向了政府主導(dǎo)的基建項(xiàng)目和樓市。兩年來住房?jī)r(jià)格一直在承受壓力，但直到現(xiàn)在我們才在銀行的年報(bào)中看到了相關(guān)跡象。中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行表示，在該銀行的所有不良貸款中，與房地產(chǎn)業(yè)有關(guān)的不良貸款同比上漲了20%。更能說明這一問題的是，中國(guó)銀監(jiān)會(huì)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，這是該比例過去六年來首次上升。中國(guó)最大的非國(guó)有銀行中國(guó)民生銀行(ChinaMinsheng Banking Corp.)2011年不良貸款增加了人民幣2億元。（在中國(guó)，不良貸款指的是變成壞賬的幾率在30%以上的貸款。 Commercial Bank of China Ltd.)（），中國(guó)第二大銀行中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行(China Construction Bank Corp.)。在下降趨勢(shì)持續(xù)了幾年之后，不良貸款的比例終于開始上升，雖然漲幅不大。只有在一段時(shí)期后，中國(guó)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的影響才會(huì)在銀行的營(yíng)收中有所體現(xiàn)。這是否意味著，銀行業(yè)可以免受經(jīng)濟(jì)下行的影響呢？未必。Nonperforming loan levels are though they are higher than before, the amount is small and [the rise] is likely to be temporary,39。s asset quality, given China39。 he in Hong Kong, China Construction Bank Chairman Wang Hongzhang said he39。 bad loans.39。 Poor39。 cash property, analysts say local government borrowings will present a bigger challenge to executives have estimated that a third of China39。The second quarter of this year will be one of the peak seasons for the repayment of property loans and local government a slowing economy, we can expect that higher nonperforming loans are on the cards,39。s only now do we see a sign of it in banks39。s banking sector edged up percentage point in the fourth quarter from the third quarter, the first rise in the past six regulator didn39。s bad loans in the fourth quarter rose billion yuan.(In China, nonperforming loans are those that have at least a 30% chance of turning sour.)Smaller banks also saw some increases in bad Minsheng Banking Corp., thecountry39。s largest bank by assets, saw itsnonperforming loans rise by bil