【正文】 the two angles are equal for a gears are to be used to transmit motion between intersecting shaft, some of bevel gear is bevel gear are usually made for a shaft angle of 90 may be produced for almost any shaft teeth may be cast, milled, or the generated teeth may be classed as a typical bevel gear mounting, one of the gear is often mounted outboard of the means that shaft deflection can be more pronounced and have a greater effect on the contact of difficulty, which occurs in predicting the stress in bevelgear teeth, is the fact the teeth are bevel gears are easy to design and simple to manufacture and give very good results in service if they are mounted accurately and in the case of squr gears, however, they bee noisy at higher values of the pitchline these cases it is often good design practice to go to the spiral bevel gear, which is the bevel counterpart of the helical in the case of helical gears, spiral bevel gears give a much smoother tooth action than straight bevel gears, and hence are useful where high speed are It is frequently desirable, as in the case of automotive differential applications, to have gearing similar to bevel gears but with the shaft gears are called hypoid gears because their pitch surfaces are hyperboloids of tooth action between such gears is a bination of rolling and sliding along a straight line and has much in mon with that of worm shaft is a rotating or stationary member, usually of circular cross section, having mounted upon it such elementsas gears, pulleys, flywheels, cranks, sprockets, and other powertransmission may be subjected to bending, tension, pression, or torsional loads, acting singly or in bination with one they are bined, one may expect to find both static and fatigue strength to be important design considerations, since asingle shaft may be subjected to static stresses, pletely reversed, and repeated stresses, all acting at the same word “shaft” covers numerous variations, such as axles and is a shaft, wither stationary or rotating, nor subjected to torsion shirt rotating shaft is often called a either the lateral or the torsional deflection of a shaft must be held to close limits, the shaft must be sized on the basis of deflection before analyzing the reason for this is that, if the shaft is made stiff enough so that the deflection is not too large, it is probable that the resulting stresses will be by no means should the designer assume that they are safe。in helical gears, the line is diagonal across the face of the is this gradual of the teeth and the smooth transfer of load from one tooth to another, which give helical gears the ability to transmit heavy loads at high gears subject the shaft bearings to both radial and thrust the thrust loads bee high or are objectionable for other reasons, it may be desirable to use double helical double helical gear(herringbone)is equivalent to two helical gears of opposite hand, mounted side by side on the same develop opposite thrust reactions and thus cancel out the thrust two or more single helical gears are mounted on the same shaft, the hand of the gears should be selected so as to produce the minimum thrust , or spiral, gears are those in which the shaft centerlines are neither parallel nor teeth of crossedhelical fears have point contact with each other, which changes to line contact as the gears wear this reason they will carry out very small loads and are mainly for instrumental applications, and are definitely not remended for use in the transmission of is on difference between a crossed helical gear and a helical gear until they are mounted in mesh with each are manufactured in the same pair of meshed crossed helical gears usually have the same hand。t falter intraditional machine and modern wheel gear and shafts mainly install the direction that delivers the dint at the principal axis passing to process to make them can is divided into many model numbers, useding for many situations we must be the multilayers to the understanding of the wheel gear and shaft in many words: Wheel gear。這樣從充分滑移到完全鎖住的任何狀態(tài)都可以 獲得。電磁線圈被裝入磁路中的某處。磁液離合器或制動(dòng)器相對來說是一個(gè)新的發(fā)展，它們具有兩平行的磁極板。驅(qū)動(dòng)作用是 靠在套筒和平面之間契入的滾子來獲得。這種離合器通常使用裝在外套 筒和內(nèi)軸件之間的滾子或滾珠。當(dāng)?shù)竭_(dá)超載點(diǎn)時(shí)聽到的“喀嚓”聲就被認(rèn)定為是所 希望的信號(hào)聲。為著這些用途就需要超載釋放保護(hù)離合器。離合器需要同步操作。他們可能在圓周面上加工齒，以便他們以圓柱周向配合來結(jié)合或者在配合元件的端面上加工齒來結(jié)合。為了在結(jié)合過程中給變換作用予較長時(shí)間周期，夾爪可以是 棘輪式的，螺旋型或齒型的。強(qiáng)制接觸離合器由一個(gè)變位桿和兩個(gè)夾爪組成。分析摩擦離合器和制動(dòng)器的各種形式都應(yīng)用一般的同樣的程序，下面的步驟是必 需的： 1．假定或確定摩擦表面上壓力分布； 2．找出最大壓力和任一點(diǎn)處壓力之間的關(guān)系； 3．應(yīng)用靜平衡條件去找尋（a）作用力；（b）扭矩；(c)支反力。因?yàn)閹缀涡螤畹闹匾允巧?熱表面。這個(gè)問題將必須對每個(gè)幾何機(jī)構(gòu)形狀分別進(jìn)行研究。所傳遞的扭矩關(guān)系到作用力，摩擦系數(shù)和離合器或制動(dòng)器的幾何狀況。因?yàn)閮?個(gè)構(gòu)件開始以不同速度運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)而使打滑發(fā)生了，并且在作用過程中能量散失，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致 溫升。由于他們的功能相似，將離合器和制動(dòng)器一起處理。進(jìn)而有著大量的關(guān)于設(shè)計(jì)的問題，其中由于別的考慮例如剛度考慮，尺寸已得到 較好的限制。雖然來自 方法在設(shè)計(jì)軸中難于應(yīng)用，但它可能用來準(zhǔn)確預(yù)示實(shí)際失效。因之，設(shè)計(jì)者 無論何時(shí)，動(dòng)力傳遞零件，如齒輪或皮帶輪都應(yīng)該設(shè)置在靠近支持軸承附近。因此，如若軸要做得有足夠的剛度以致?lián)锨惶螅敲春?應(yīng)力符合安全要求那是完全可能的。短的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)軸常常被稱為主軸?！拜S”這個(gè)詞包含著多種含義，例如心軸和主軸。軸能夠承受彎曲，拉伸，壓縮或扭轉(zhuǎn)載荷，這些力相結(jié)合時(shí)，人們期望找到靜強(qiáng)度和疲勞強(qiáng)度作為設(shè)計(jì)的重要依據(jù)。通常有圓形橫截面。這種齒輪之間的輪齒作用是沿著一根直線上產(chǎn)生滾動(dòng)與滑動(dòng)相結(jié)合的運(yùn)動(dòng)并 和蝸輪蝸桿的輪齒作用有著更多的共同之處。當(dāng)在汽車的各種不同用途中，有一個(gè)帶偏心軸的類似錐齒輪的機(jī)構(gòu)，那是常常所希望的。然而在直齒圓柱齒輪情況下，在節(jié)線速度較高時(shí)，他們將發(fā)出噪音。另外一個(gè)難題，發(fā)生在難于預(yù)示錐齒輪輪齒上的應(yīng)力，實(shí)際上是由于齒輪被加工 成錐狀造成的。在典型的錐齒輪安裝中，其中一個(gè) 錐齒輪常常裝于支承的外側(cè)。輪齒可以鑄出，銑制或滾切加工。當(dāng)齒輪要用來傳遞相交軸之間的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，就需要某種形式的錐齒輪。一個(gè)裝置中的蝸桿和蝸輪正像交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪那樣具有相同的齒 向，但是其斜齒齒角的角度是極不相同的。當(dāng)然，如果每個(gè)構(gòu)件各自局部地包圍著對方的蝸輪機(jī)構(gòu)就是雙包圍蝸輪蝸桿機(jī)構(gòu)。蝸桿蝸輪機(jī)構(gòu)有單包圍和雙包圍機(jī)構(gòu)。蝸輪不是斜齒輪，因?yàn)槠潺X頂面做成中凹形狀以適配蝸桿曲率，目的是要 形成線接觸而不是點(diǎn)接觸。與其相配的齒輪叫做蝸輪，蝸 輪不是真正的斜齒輪。蝸輪與交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪相似。在交錯(cuò)軸斜齒設(shè)計(jì)中，當(dāng)該齒的斜角相等時(shí)所產(chǎn)生滑移速度最小。它們是以同樣的方法進(jìn)行制 造。因此他們只能傳遞小的載 荷和主要用于儀器設(shè)備中，而且肯定不能推薦在動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)中使用。交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪或螺旋齒輪，他們是軸中心線既不相交也不平行。他們產(chǎn)生相反的軸向推力作用，這樣就消除了 軸向推力。當(dāng)軸向推力變的大了或由于別的原 因而產(chǎn)生某些影響時(shí)，那就可以使用人字齒輪。它是齒輪逐漸進(jìn)行嚙合 并平穩(wěn)的從一個(gè)齒到另一個(gè)齒傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)，那樣就使斜齒輪具有高速重載下平穩(wěn)傳遞運(yùn) 動(dòng)的能力。在直齒圓柱齒輪中，接觸是平行于回轉(zhuǎn)軸線的。直齒圓柱齒輪輪齒的初始接觸處是跨過整個(gè)齒面而伸展開來的線。如果一張被剪成平行 四邊形（矩形）的紙張包圍在齒輪圓柱體上，紙上印出齒的角刃邊就變成斜線。傾斜角度每個(gè)齒輪都一樣，但一個(gè)必須右旋 斜齒，而另一個(gè)必須是左旋斜齒。像我們要討論的那樣，尚有其他道理需 要學(xué)習(xí)，掌握。因此，在斜齒輪的情況下，其齒向是不平行于回轉(zhuǎn)軸線的。關(guān)鍵詞:齒輪；軸 關(guān)鍵詞 在直齒圓柱齒輪的受力分析中，是假定各力作用在單一平面的。通過加工制造它們可以分為許多的型號(hào)，分別用于許 多的場合。Katz, 1978).The understanding of length of service in an organization relates back to Ulrich’s(1998)ponent of mitment in his definition of intellectual definition was simply“petencemultiplied by mitment”(), me