【正文】 第五篇：常用國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語中英文名稱常用術(shù)語中英文名稱 L/G 銀行保函B/ISO國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織P/I 形式發(fā)票D/O提貨單C/O產(chǎn)地證GSP普遍優(yōu)惠制SGS日內(nèi)瓦通用鑒定所BAF燃油附加費(fèi)S/C銷售確認(rèn)書S/O 裝貨單TELEXRELEASE電放。Packaging: this word is used for different purposes: packaging of the goods to ply with any requirements under the contract of packaging of the goods so that they are fit for stowage of the packaged goods within a container or other means of the Incoterms 2010 rules, packaging means both the first and second of the Incoterms 2010 rules do not deal with the parties’ obligations for stowage within a container and therefore, where relevant, the parties should deal with this in the sale ：此詞因語境不同有不同含義： ； ； 在《國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則 2010》中，“包裝”一詞有以上中的 1 和 2 項(xiàng)的含義。當(dāng)然，交貨單還有其他功能，比如支付程序的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。對(duì)于《國際貿(mào)易術(shù) 語解釋通則 2010》中的許多規(guī)則，交貨單是一種運(yùn)輸單據(jù)或相關(guān)電子記錄。Delivery document: This phrase is now used as the heading to article means a document used to prove that delivery has many of the Incoterms 2010 rules, the delivery document is a transport document or corresponding electronic , with EXW, FCA, FAS and FOB, the delivery document may simply be a delivery document may also have other functions, for example as part of the mechanism for ：此術(shù)語現(xiàn)在已成為 A8 條款的標(biāo)題。交貨：在商法和商事活動(dòng)中，這個(gè)概念有多種涵義。Carrier: For the purposes of the Incoterms 2010 rules, the carrier is the party with whom carriage is ：出于《國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則 2010》的目的，承運(yùn)人是指與托運(yùn)人訂立合同，并承擔(dān)運(yùn)輸義務(wù)的 一方?！秶H貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則 2010》正文中條文解析明了。Explanation of terms used in the Incoterms 2010 rules 對(duì)《國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則 2010》中術(shù)語的解釋As in the incoterms rules, the seller’s and buyer’s obligations are presented in mirror fashion, reflecting under column A the seller’s obligations and under column B the buyer’s obligations can be carried out personally by the seller or the buyer or sometimes, subject to terms in the contract or the applicable law, through intermediaries such as carriers, freight forwarders or other persons nominated by the seller or the buyer for a specific text of the Incoterms 2010 rules is meant to be , in order to assist users the following text sets out guidance as to the sense in which selected terms are used throughout the 《國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則 2010》中所述，買方和賣方的共同義務(wù)是以對(duì)應(yīng)方式呈現(xiàn)的，也就是說，既 能反映出 A 欄中的買方義務(wù)，又能反映出 B 欄中的賣方義務(wù)。譬如，假設(shè)合同改變了 Incoterms 規(guī)則中費(fèi)用的分配，那么合同各方亦應(yīng)當(dāng)明確聲明是 否改變風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（從賣方到買方）轉(zhuǎn)移的臨界點(diǎn)?！秶H貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則 2010》并不禁 止這種修改，但是這樣做會(huì)帶來一定的危險(xiǎn)。為明確起見，Incoterms? 規(guī)則 2010 在相關(guān)規(guī)定中把提取已經(jīng)運(yùn)輸?shù)纳?品的義務(wù)作為運(yùn)輸商品義務(wù)的替換。這種 情況下，在運(yùn)輸中的賣家不用再運(yùn)輸貨物，因?yàn)樨浳镆驯坏谝粋€(gè)賣家裝船運(yùn)輸了。Incoterms?規(guī)則 2010 在相關(guān)國際貿(mào)易術(shù)解釋規(guī)則的 A6/B6 條款明確的分配此項(xiàng)費(fèi)用，力求避免重復(fù)付費(fèi)。貨 運(yùn)費(fèi)有時(shí)包括港口或集裝箱碼頭內(nèi)的理貨和運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用 承運(yùn)人和終點(diǎn)站運(yùn)營方也可能向收到貨物的買家收取這筆費(fèi)用。因此，Incoterms?規(guī)則 2010 已經(jīng)在買家和賣家間分配了義務(wù)，在與安全有關(guān)的清關(guān)獲得或者提供幫助，例如在多種多樣的國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語中 A2/B2 和 A10/B10 的監(jiān)管鏈相關(guān)信息 handling chargesUnder Incoterms rules CPT, CIP, CFR, CIF, DAT, DAP, and DDP, the seller must make arrangements for the carriage of the goods to the agreed the freight is paid by the seller, it is actually paid for by the buyer as freight costs are normally included by the seller in the total selling carriage costs will sometimes include the costs of handling and moving the goods within port or container terminal facilities and the carrier or terminal operator may well charge these costs to the buyer who receives the these circumstances, the buyer will want to avoid paying for the same service twice:： once to the seller as part of the total selling price and once independently to the carrier or the terminal Incoterms? 2010 rules seek to avoid this happening by clearly allocating such costs in articles A6/B6 of the relevant Incoterms 在國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語 CPT，CIP，CIF，DAT，DAP 和 DDP 項(xiàng)下，賣家必須做好安排使貨物到達(dá)指定目的地。為了明確締約雙方的義務(wù)，條款 A2/B3 中涉及保險(xiǎn)的行文也做了變化。Incoterms? 規(guī)則 2010 把關(guān)系到保險(xiǎn)的信息義務(wù)規(guī)定在 A3/B3，這涉及到運(yùn)輸和保險(xiǎn)合同。這一規(guī)定有利 于促進(jìn) Incoterms?規(guī)則 2010 中新的電子程序的演進(jìn)。 municationPrevious versions of Incoterms rules have specified those documents that could be replaced by EDI A1/B1 of the Incoterms? 2010 rules, however, now give electronic means of munication the same effect as paper munication, as long as the parties so agree or where formulation facilitates the evolution of new electronic procedures throughout the lifetime of the Incoterms? 2010 ..電子通信上一版本的 Incoterms 規(guī)則已經(jīng)確定了可以被電子數(shù)據(jù)交換信息替代的文件。引言解釋每條貿(mào)易規(guī)則的基本內(nèi)容，比如說什么時(shí) 候被運(yùn)用到，什么時(shí)候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移，還有費(fèi)用在賣方和買方間是怎樣分配的等等。其次，比起先前提到的統(tǒng)一的商業(yè)規(guī)則中的運(yùn)輸和交付術(shù)語，在國內(nèi)貿(mào)易中更多美 國人愿意使用 Incoterms2010 中的術(shù)語。兩個(gè)新發(fā)展使得 ICC 相信向這個(gè)方向的改革是適宜的。所以，Incoterms?2010 正式認(rèn)可所有的貿(mào)易規(guī)則既可 以適用于國內(nèi)交易也可以適用于國際交易。 for domestic and international trade Incoterms rules have traditionally been used in international sale contracts where goods pass across national various areas of the world, however, trade blocs, like the European Union, have made border formalities between different countries less , the subtitle of the Incoterms? 2010 rules formally recognize that they are available for application to both international and domestic sale a result, the Incoterms? 2010 rules clearly state in a number of places that the obligation to ply with export/import formalities exists only where developments have persuaded ICC that a movement in this direction is , traders monly use Incoterms rules for purely domestic sale second reason is the greater willingness in the Unites States to use Incoterm rules in domestic trade rather than the former Uniform Commercial Code shipment and delivery 傳統(tǒng)的 Incoterms 規(guī)則只在國際銷售合同中運(yùn)用，此種交易貨物運(yùn)輸都需跨越國界。最后的三個(gè)術(shù)語，刪除了以越過船舷為交貨標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而代之以將貨物裝 運(yùn)上船。在第二類術(shù)語中，交貨點(diǎn)和把貨物送達(dá)買方的地點(diǎn)都是港口，所以只適用于“海上或內(nèi)陸水上運(yùn)輸”。它們甚至可以運(yùn)用于沒有海上運(yùn)輸?shù)那闆r下。 of the 11 Incoterms? The 11 Incoterms? 2010 rules are presented in two distinct classes： RULES FOR ANY MODE OR MODES OF TRANSPOTR EXW EX WORKS FCA FREE CARRIER CPT CARRIAGE PAID TO CIP CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO DAT DELIVERED AT TERMINAL DAP DELIVERED AT PLACE DDP DELIVERED DUTY PAID RULES FOR SEA AND INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT FAS FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP FOB FREE ON BOARD CFR COST AND FREIGHT CIF COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT 2..Incoterms?2010 中 11 種貿(mào)易術(shù)語的分類Incoterms?2010 11 種貿(mào)易術(shù)語目前被分為兩類： 適用于任何運(yùn)輸方式的術(shù)語： EXW 工廠交貨 FCA 貨交承運(yùn)人 CPT 運(yùn)費(fèi)付至 CIP 運(yùn)費(fèi)及保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)付至 DAT 目的地交貨 DAP 所在地交貨 DDP 完稅后交貨 適用于海上和內(nèi)陸水上運(yùn)輸?shù)男g(shù)語： FAS 船邊交貨 FOB 船上