【正文】
When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good ,他會(huì)說(shuō)我們。即(from ):1)當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用任何所需要的時(shí)態(tài)表示。The teacher advised us that we(should)not waste our 。, ask, demand, desire, insist(堅(jiān)決主張), order, propose, request, suggest(建議)等代的賓語(yǔ)從句須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即:(should)do的形式。一般須用it作形式賓語(yǔ),把賓語(yǔ)從句放到句末,此時(shí)的that不能省。如:I didn’t know(that)he was Li 。I didn’t know that he was wounded in the 。賓語(yǔ)從句學(xué)習(xí)指要用來(lái)充作賓語(yǔ)的句子叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。(如reply, object)后。如: —What did he hear? 他聽(tīng)說(shuō)了什么事?—That Kate had passed the exam.(他聽(tīng)說(shuō))凱特考試及格了。“it(形式賓語(yǔ))+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)”之后時(shí)。如: He told me that he was leaving for 。如:We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with ,我們希望他和我們呆在家里。如:She told me that the earth goes around the 。如:She said that his father had gone to 。如: 譯:我不知道他去哪里了。關(guān)于連接詞的用法,請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)后文。, whatever, whichever等也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,意為“無(wú)論/不管??”。:who(m), whose, which, what等均有各自的意義,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。共有四類::只起連接作用,沒(méi)有任何意思,不作任何句子成分,在賓語(yǔ)從句中可省略。如:The whole truth came out at last that he was a wolf in sheep’s ,他原來(lái)是一只披羊皮的狼。I have no idea when he will set 。如:The idea that the earth is round is not a new one.“地球是圓的”這種觀點(diǎn)并不新鮮。它通常有放在thought, idea, news, word(=news), plan, doubt, question, fact, suggestion, belief等抽象名詞的后面,說(shuō)明這些詞的具體內(nèi)容或含義。I was surprised at what has 。如: They didn’t say which they 。(3)賓語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的從句。He is ’s why he is ,這就是他缺席的原因。注意:要區(qū)分以下句式:’s why+結(jié)果;that’s because+原因。如:The question is whether he is able to do it 。(2)表語(yǔ)從句就是在連系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)的從句。如: What he found surprised me 。注:為避免頭重腳輕,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而將主語(yǔ)從句后置。如:Whether he will be able to e remains a 。(1)主語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作主語(yǔ)的從句。一是同位語(yǔ)從句多在news, order, word(=news / order), idea, hope, suggestion, information, plan, thought, doubt, fear, belief等抽象名詞后,說(shuō)明其具體內(nèi)容;二是同位語(yǔ)從句與所說(shuō)明的名詞有時(shí)會(huì)被謂語(yǔ)所分開(kāi),做題時(shí)需注意;三是引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的有that, whether和連接副詞when, where, why, how等,但絕大多數(shù)由that引導(dǎo),注意同位語(yǔ)從句不能用which引導(dǎo)。一是介詞后(except等除外)一般不跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,但可接疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句; 二是在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句后若還有補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí),要用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將that從句置于補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之后; 三是當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等時(shí),若賓語(yǔ)從句要表示否定意義,往往要通過(guò)否主句來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),即所謂否定轉(zhuǎn)移;四是雖然引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的that有時(shí)可以省略,但若賓語(yǔ)從句前有插入語(yǔ)或有間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),that不能省略;that在與之并列的另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句之后或者在“形式賓語(yǔ)it+賓補(bǔ)”之后時(shí)也不能省略;that從句單獨(dú)回答問(wèn)題時(shí),that也不能省略。注:that 可引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,what不能。Her interest was roused by what he 。It was what he meant rather than what he 。You had better hear what I have to 。I’m sorry for what I 。What she saw gave her a 。What he said is beneath 。What(=The thing that)he said was 。It was quite plain that he didn’t want to 。My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the 。The police learned that he wasn’t there at that 。that與what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句只起連接作用,在從句中不作任何成分,無(wú)意義,在賓語(yǔ)從句通常省略,但在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中均不能省略;what除引導(dǎo)從句外,還在從句中作成分,意為“所??的(東西)”,在含義上等于“名詞+that”。注:在某些動(dòng)詞后(如 discuss 等)通常只用 whether。Answer my question whether you can help 。如:Ask him whether [if] he can 。whether 和if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別兩者均可用于及物動(dòng)詞后引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,表示“是否”,??苫Q。He was ’s why he was sent to the ,所以被送到醫(yī)院來(lái)。如:The reason was that you don’t trust 。I don’t doubt that you are 。類似地,動(dòng)詞doubt(懷疑)后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),由于 doubt的含義不確定,故通常用 whether(if)來(lái)引導(dǎo)其賓語(yǔ)從句,但若 doubt為否定式,則其后的賓語(yǔ)從句用 that 來(lái)引導(dǎo)。比較:Whether he’ll e is not known 。that與whether(if)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別兩者均可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,也可引導(dǎo)語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句(if 通常不行),但兩者含義不同,whether(if)表示“是否”,that 卻不表示任何含義。此題的正確答案為C,anyone 為句子主語(yǔ),with the right knowledge 為修飾 anyone 的定語(yǔ)。以上各例中的 whoever 引導(dǎo)的均為主語(yǔ)從句,它們均可換成 anyone who,但不能換成 anyone。Whoever breaks this law deserves a 。不少同學(xué)之所以誤選B,正是 believe it or not(信不信由你)這個(gè)插入成分惹的禍。第2題He told me the news, believe it or not, _________ he had earned $1 000 in a single 【分析】此題容易誤選 B,誤認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。(句子可改寫為 Tell him(that)I’ll e to see him if he is at home.)這兩道題考查名詞性從句嗎第1題Don’t you know, my dear friend, _________ it is you that she loves? 【分析】此題容易誤選 A或B,選 A 者認(rèn)為這是指人的,故用 who;選B者認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,兩者都是誤認(rèn)為這是定語(yǔ)從句(注意沒(méi)有先行詞),其實(shí)此題應(yīng)選C,它引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,只是被其中的插入語(yǔ) my dear friend 隔開(kāi)罷了。(句子可改為 She promised that she would give him a lot of money if anyone found her son.)He said that when his wife came back he would ,他就離開(kāi)。順便說(shuō)一句,本來(lái)動(dòng)詞 promise 后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的 that 是可以省略的,但是按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣,當(dāng)動(dòng)詞與其賓語(yǔ)從句之間插有其他成分時(shí),引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的 that 通常不宜省略,所以此題不宜選B。這個(gè)that if是什么意思這道題中的 that if 是什么意思?She promised _________ he had enough money she would marry if that 【分析】此題應(yīng)選 C,其余幾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選?!鲈谳^長(zhǎng)的句子里,特別在“that從句”與動(dòng)詞隔開(kāi)時(shí),that一般不可省略。I don’t wish to imply that you are 。如: He answered that he was from 。I expected(that)the plane would be 。He thought(that)they would give him 3 。I knew(that)he would be in 。I hoped(that)I would / should 。要素一:時(shí)態(tài)若主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)情況使用各種時(shí)態(tài);若主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句若不是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)或真理,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也必須用某種過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。要素二:語(yǔ)序 名詞性從句都必須與陳述句語(yǔ)序相同,即“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”。這些引導(dǎo)詞可分為三類,一是that類,二是if / whether類,三是疑問(wèn)詞類。正:Whatever you say,I won’t believe :No matter what you say,I won’t believe ,都要保持鎮(zhèn)定。正:Whatever he says sounds :No matter what he says sounds 。而 whatever 既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句(=anything that),也可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句(=no matter what):(只用whatever): 無(wú)論他做什么都是對(duì)的。選項(xiàng)C、D顯然是錯(cuò)的,因?yàn)榫渲械?wants 缺賓語(yǔ),而C、D兩項(xiàng)不能作賓語(yǔ)。 本題考查名詞性從句中的介詞賓語(yǔ)從句, 根據(jù)下文意思以及在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ), D 不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句, who 本題考查名詞性從句介詞賓語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ)從句中you think 是插入語(yǔ), 故句中缺少主語(yǔ),which 意思不對(duì),故選wh at 本題考查介詞賓語(yǔ)從句, 根據(jù)上下文意思 該處應(yīng)該是”我們是否能得到Green先生的第五篇:名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句講解及練習(xí)名詞性從句whatever與no matter what It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________ her or she matter what matter when 此題應(yīng)選 A。但what需要被強(qiáng)調(diào),故用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。C和D的區(qū)別在于一個(gè)無(wú)范圍,一個(gè)有范圍。 pleased后面缺少賓語(yǔ)從句,he was a man of action句意完整,故用that引導(dǎo)。又因give ,所以選B。 句意:請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐宜f(shuō)他將什么時(shí)候走。根據(jù)句意可看出that引導(dǎo)的從句構(gòu)成與a warm thought的同位語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)化題 whether引導(dǎo)的從句構(gòu)成與名詞the question的同位語(yǔ)。 本題考查的是名詞性從句中的表語(yǔ)從句,后面表語(yǔ)從句不完整,it was 后面還缺少表語(yǔ),根據(jù)意思是“20年前的 樣子”,后面一個(gè)句子是對(duì)20年前的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,20年前學(xué)校設(shè)備條件不好,when 在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 本題考查雙重疑問(wèn)句,疑問(wèn)詞+do you think/believe/expect+句子的其他成分(句子用稱述句語(yǔ)序)。 本題根據(jù)意思以及后面與or 的搭配關(guān)系可判斷該處是“是否”,whether 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 what在它引導(dǎo)的從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),同時(shí)整個(gè)從句可看成是idea的同位語(yǔ)從句,來(lái)說(shuō)明idea的具體內(nèi)容。 此句主句完整,從句也完整,故用that引導(dǎo)構(gòu)成與the fact的同位語(yǔ)從句。 wonder后面的從句是疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序。 通過(guò)對(duì)句子的分析可知,此題需要選一詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,而從句中的明顯缺少賓語(yǔ),故只能what用來(lái)充當(dāng)。在此題中what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。which 。when 。第四篇:名詞性從句練習(xí)名詞性從句練習(xí) makes his shop different is that it offers more personal 2.—It’s thirty years since we last met.—But I still remember