【正文】 what [心得體會]易錯題三：名詞性從句中用it作形式主語或賓語[例] ________has bee。第二個空認(rèn)為said后缺賓語，填what。[答案] whether [心得體會]易錯題二：漏用關(guān)系詞[例] She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood ________ ________ he said meant.[錯解] that。根據(jù)語意可知，idea后面接一個同位語從句，該從句是對idea的解釋說明，且由后面的“or not”可知應(yīng)用whether。[答案] What [心得體會][例2] I have no idea ________ he will e here or not this afternoon, for he is very busy at the present time.[錯解] which/that/if [錯因分析] 該題貌似定語從句，考生易誤填which/that。此處為同位語從句，解釋說明argument的內(nèi)容，因從句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用that引導(dǎo)。] 7．The expert39。] 6．People all over the world have a dream whether they will always live a peaceful 答案 whether→that [句意：全世界的人民都有一個夢想，即永遠(yuǎn)過著和平的生活。] 5．There is still some doubt that the system will work even though all the factors have been 答案 that→whether [句意：即使所有的因素都考慮了，系統(tǒng)是否會運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)仍有些疑問。] 4．The problem is what we can improve our reading skill in such a short 答案 what→how [句意：問題是我們?nèi)绾卧谶@么短的時間內(nèi)提高我們的閱讀技能。] 3．Her only problem, if you can call it a problem, is what she expects to be successful all the 答案 what→that [句意：如果能稱之為問題的話，她唯一的問題是她一直想成功。s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow 答案 why→that [句意：通過數(shù)年的研究，兒童早期睡眠問題長大后有可能繼續(xù)的證據(jù)已經(jīng)被找到了。因此把why改為because。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為表語從句，表示原因，故用because。one percent of its surface is covered by 答案 why→because [句意：從太空看，地球是藍(lán)色的。此處為表語從句，從句不缺少成分，所以用that引導(dǎo)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個句子的內(nèi)容；在定語從句中，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，再結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)填why。] 8．I39。t be most important thing is ________we must learn from our mistakes and move that [句意：不要難過，最重要的是我們必須從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，并繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。make a difference意為“起作用，有影響”；本句中“________makes a difference”是表語從句，因為從句缺主語，故用what。故應(yīng)填what。that39。] 5．Courage is a kind of quality ——and that39。s________I was born.” 答案 where [句意：奶奶指著那個醫(yī)院說：“那就是我出生的地方。類似例子還有：He is no longer what(＝the one that)he used to be。我現(xiàn)在這樣就是你造就的呀。] 3．—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I39。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查的是表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。] 2．“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.”This is ________my mother used to tell what [句意：“每次你吃甜東西，喝點綠茶。A．單句填空1．The best moment for the football star was ________he scored the winning when [句意：對這個足球明星來說，進(jìn)球得分的時刻是最好的時刻。(3)在短文改錯中，主要考查引導(dǎo)詞的誤用、漏用和多余。同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that較多見，也會考到when, where等。] 【解題法】 同位語從句的解題思路(1)掌握常跟同位語從句的一些名詞如suggestion, advice, hope等，了解同位語從句的功能。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，用于解釋說明idea的內(nèi)容；從句中缺少狀語，根據(jù)句意此處表示原因，故用why引導(dǎo)。that39。分析句子成分，結(jié)合句意。(3)在短文改錯中，主要考查引導(dǎo)詞的錯用、漏用和多余。(2)在語篇型語法填空中，主要考查引導(dǎo)詞。此處引導(dǎo)表語從句并在從句中充當(dāng)主語，把that改為what。典例2 As John Lennon once said, life is that happens to you while you are busy making other [答案] that→what 句意：正如約翰but連接的并列句中that39。命題法1 考查表語從句典例1 A ship in harbor is safe, but that39。根據(jù)句子所要表達(dá)的意思進(jìn)一步選擇用哪一個連接代詞。②從句成分完整，但意思不完整，就用whether(是否)，切記此時不能用if代替whether。如果從句中的謂語是不及物動詞，那么后面的部分是狀語，再根據(jù)缺少的意思來選定答案。先確定從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義是否完整，如果完整就用that，且that不能省略；如果不完整，確定所缺成分，然后結(jié)合句意選定答案。(賓語從句)Whoever/No_matter_who can win the first prize in the English contest, I will give this dictionary to ，我都會把這本字典給他。只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，如：no matter what, no matter where, no matter who等。的區(qū)別wh173。wh173。ever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句？做題時，我們要認(rèn)真分析語境，看看句子要表達(dá)什么意思，如果表示任何一個人或事物，無范圍可言，就用wh173。特別提醒如何判斷是用wh173。試比較：What you choose to wear should be 。與wh173。(√)He impressed the manager as an honest 。(√)I admire their winning the 。重難點 后邊不能直接跟that從句的動詞這類動詞有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。此處謂語較短，從句較長，為避免“頭重腳輕”而將從句放在了謂語部分之后，形成了分隔式同位語從句。典例3 The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.[答案] that 句意：下午兩點左右，有人通知說會議要推遲了。(3)分隔式同位語從句有時同位語從句的謂語較短，而從句內(nèi)容較長，這時為避免“頭重腳輕”，常常將謂語部分提到從句前面，形成分隔式同位語從句。分析句意可知，空格處引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，解釋說明promise的內(nèi)容，并且此從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意義完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。The_question_why so many people would choose to live in the countryside is still under 。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞一般都不省略。2 同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞(1)常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。The_suggestion_that the new rule be adopted came from the 。二、同位語從句 在句中作同位語的從句，稱作同位語從句。s because he is 。常用于以下句型： This/That is why...這/那是……的原因 This/That is because...這/那是因為……This is why we missed the early 。She looks as_if she has_been_working hard for a long ?？忌屑?xì)體會其中的語境差別。特別提醒a(bǔ)s if/as though意為“好像，仿佛”，其引導(dǎo)的表語從句常位于系動詞(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。as if/as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句此類表語從句可用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣，常跟在一些連系動詞后面，如： seem似乎look看起來taste嘗起來 sound聽起來 feel摸起來 appear好像It seemed as_though it had happened ?？疾楸碚Z從句。s ________we differ.[答案] where 句意：——在選擇家具時，你只注重功能而我更注重設(shè)計。特別提醒if不引導(dǎo)表語從句；that引導(dǎo)表語從句一般不省略。s what he 。ll go there once a 。從屬連詞：that，whether 連接代詞：what，who，whose，which，whatever，whoever，whosever，whichever等連接副詞：how，when，where，why等The question is whether you can afford 。此外，表語從句還可用because和as if/as though等連接詞引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞主要有：從屬連詞that, whether。賓語從句表示是否，動詞后可用if或whether, that無意義，故把that改為if/whether。故把that改為how。應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞of的賓語，且how在從句中作方式狀語。故把when改為that?！涀∧?點前必須回家。分析句子成分可知，“who attended their wedding”是賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，故用whoever，意為“無論誰”，而who意為“誰”，表疑問。故把what改為how。] 6．Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize what diverse the American culture 答案 what→how [句意：只有當(dāng)你親自來到紐約時，你才會意識到美國文化是多么不同。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，再結(jié)合句意“他們所穿的衣服”應(yīng)使用連詞what引導(dǎo)這一賓語從句，what在從句中作wear的賓語，指代人穿的衣服。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知，believe后面要求接賓語從句，而且從句中不缺句子成分，也無意義，所以用that。where是副詞，不作主語。] 3．Police have found where appears to be the lost ancient 答案 where→what [句意：警察已經(jīng)找到了與丟失的古代的雕像類似的東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，doing后為賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，故用what。re afraid to 答案 that→what [句意：振作起來。what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作imagine的賓語，同時what在賓語從句中作介詞like的賓語。] B．單句改錯1．It is difficult for us to imagine that life was like for slaves in the ancient 答案 that→what [句意：對我們來說很難想象在古代奴隸的生活是什么樣子的。此處asking 后為賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)填how。根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，about后接的是一個賓語從句，而從句中meant缺少賓語，所以填what。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句作介詞to的賓語，且whoever在從句中作主語，相當(dāng)于anyone who?！癬_______they called the paradise”是賓語從句，作reach的賓語，在從句中call缺賓語，故用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句同時作從句中call的賓語。從句結(jié)構(gòu)和句意完整，故用that。] 5．Susan made it clear to me ________ she wished to make a new life for that [句意：蘇珊清楚地向我表明，她希望自己開始一種新的生活。] 4．We must find out________Karl is ing, so we can book a room for when [句意：我們一定要搞清楚Karl什么時候來，以便我們給他訂房間。] 3．Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for________ Doris Lessing had ac