freepeople性欧美熟妇, 色戒完整版无删减158分钟hd, 无码精品国产vα在线观看DVD, 丰满少妇伦精品无码专区在线观看,艾栗栗与纹身男宾馆3p50分钟,国产AV片在线观看,黑人与美女高潮,18岁女RAPPERDISSSUBS,国产手机在机看影片

正文內(nèi)容

外文翻譯--會計信息系統(tǒng)所需的問題(參考版)

2024-12-08 04:21本頁面
  

【正文】 因此,小型企業(yè)通常傾向于手工會計而不危害質(zhì)量,同時也是大公司,申請復(fù)雜的會計系統(tǒng),成本幾百萬美元, 但究竟成效如何,從他們的申請超過了所有的期望。顯然 ,電腦與手工會計都有優(yōu)勢和劣勢,但他們的表現(xiàn)同樣的任務(wù),最終的結(jié)果是一樣的。 其中手工會計的好處有:相對廉價的勞動力和資源,可靠 性,從獨立的機(jī)器,熟 練的技術(shù)工人可用性;其弊端包括:效率低,相對較慢的內(nèi)部控制報告 , 日常工作等。會計電算化系統(tǒng)提供了整個公司的運作,但是成本卻要數(shù)千甚至數(shù)百萬美元,復(fù)雜程度和規(guī)模的組織。但在電算化會計中,計算機(jī)不僅需要會計師,而且必須使用特 定的軟件,因此他們的成本更多。不過,這是一個非常簡化的看法,電算化會計,因為交易是一個復(fù)雜的類別,其中不僅包括銷售或收購,還有折舊,保險費和工資的計算方法,分紅等,讓計算機(jī)提供準(zhǔn)確的計算和智能報告,但需要花多少時間,資源和精力,它又有何困難,從而判定哪一種會計制度類型更為快捷和經(jīng)濟(jì)。當(dāng)然, 在大的范疇內(nèi) , 這需 要更多的時間,資源和精力。信息和通信單元是指控制通訊流量和質(zhì)量,信息流在本組織內(nèi),以最大限度減少時間的溝通和信息的損失。 控制環(huán)境指的組織管理方法,在內(nèi)部控制中 , 經(jīng)理如何管理員工以及對明年的計劃工作表現(xiàn)等進(jìn)行風(fēng)險評估,意味著措施,以確定所有潛在的風(fēng)險。 為了保持公司有效運作 , 對所有的組織(由非技術(shù)工人和經(jīng)營人員,高層管理者和其他關(guān)鍵人員)的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)有偏離計劃,其原因是否在于公司。經(jīng)過這之后準(zhǔn)備財務(wù)報表,其中包括資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表,利潤表及現(xiàn)金流量報表。在年底的會計期間與幫助的總分類賬中有一個試算表計算,以確保借方和貸方的平衡( 如果它們不是相等的 , 它意味著某處有錯誤 ) 。所有的日記記錄必須定期(每天或每周)張貼到總分類賬,它是一組整理和分類(資產(chǎn),負(fù)債,收入,費用和 所有者權(quán)益 )的帳目 , 或者換句話說總分類賬總結(jié)了在一段時間內(nèi)所有的交易。名稱,借方 和貸方的每一個受影響的賬戶和解釋,指明在日記中紀(jì)錄。 每一筆交易(改變了財政資源或義務(wù)的公司)必須承認(rèn) , 分類以及證明;除此之外一定有符合識別而且改變的賬戶。大量的交易,必須進(jìn)行處理,在會計周期,使這一進(jìn)程例行甚至有點錯誤或不準(zhǔn)確就會造成一切周期從頭開始尋找和糾正錯誤。 根據(jù)會計理論,眾所周知的會計周期包括以下步驟:分錄交易過程中,分類 賬戶,準(zhǔn)備試算表以調(diào)整作品,準(zhǔn)備調(diào)整,以期末試算表,編制財務(wù)報表,并適當(dāng)披露,結(jié)束后關(guān)閉試驗的平衡。從這點會計可分為兩個基本類別:手工會計和電算化會計系統(tǒng)。而且當(dāng)然,在業(yè)務(wù)上的決策過程中會計是不可缺少的工具。 the disadvantages include: extremely high costs on developing, introducing and using the system, special trainings for personnel, increased personnel costs, dependence on machines both puterized and manual accounting have advantages and disadvantages but they perform the same task, and the final result is the same. The main differences between them are the costs , speed and mobility. Thus small and medium businesses usually prefer manual accounting without detriment to quality while large corporations apply plex accounting systems which cost millions dollars but the effect from their application exceeds all the expectations. 手工會計與電算化會計 會計教育改革與發(fā)展 — 第四屆會計與財務(wù)問題國際研討會論文集 2021年 詹姆斯 就像很多專業(yè)的會計師和審計 師的國家 ,在所有發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家,會計是被接受的一種商業(yè)語言。 s difficult to assess which accounting type is more fast and economic. If manual accounting requires qualified accountants to keep a record of business transactions, puterized requires accountants which can use specific software and thus they cost more. Computer software calculates faster but it does not know what you need until you can clearly explain what exactly you need. In addition good puterized accounting system can cost thousands and even millions dollars, depending on the plexity and the size of anization. Computerized accounting provides better internal control report system for any given period of time (puter can control thousands indicators simultaneously and create notifications to the appropriate departments or workers if some indicators do not correspond to the normal state), while manual control takes more time. Among the advantages of manual accounting there are: paratively cheap workforce and resources, reliability, independence from machines, skilled workers availability。s operations and personnel. Information and munication element means the control over munication flow and the quality of information flow within the anization in order to minimize the time of munication and information losses. Internal control procedures allow to keep panies? assets from dissipation and control productivity and usefulness of all departments. Let39。s performance and financial state。s internal control? which manager controls the employees, how and whom does that manager reports next about the plan performance etc. Risk assessment implies measures to determine all the potential risks in advance, their causes, probabilities and countermeasures to avoid and manage them。 in addition there must be corresponding accounts identified and changed. The transactions are recorded in appropriate journals (general journal, sales journal etc) with transaction data, affected accounts? titles, debit and credit of each affected account and explanation specified in the journal record. The above procedure is used for each transaction. All the journal records must be posted to
點擊復(fù)制文檔內(nèi)容
研究報告相關(guān)推薦
文庫吧 www.dybbs8.com
備案圖鄂ICP備17016276號-1