【正文】 　　THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE facing electricbike makers may not be 。“他們總是在說，‘我們正在投入大量資金，我們將有計劃地把燃油系統(tǒng)改成電動系統(tǒng)。s view, small, aggressive Chinese panies like Luyuan are more likely to drive the EV revolution, because they have nothing to lose.　　作為一名企業(yè)家，倪捷把在電動自行車和LEV上的成功看成是走向“更大和更好”的電動化交通工具的關鍵一步。新的能量回收型制動系統(tǒng)也已開始使用，這種新系統(tǒng)在剎車時將把主動的電動機變成被動的發(fā)電機，一方面有利于迅速制動，另一方面也可以把剎車要消耗的能量提取出來對電池充電，從而擴大了車輛的行車里程?，F(xiàn)在不少人對該車重量增加是否會降低安全系數(shù)持懷疑態(tài)度。在被問及選中這輛車的理由時，她指著城市上空的空氣污染解釋道她必須送塊頭大的兒子去上學，但是為了降低本地城市的空氣污染，她寧可選擇電動車，而不要燃油的踏板摩托車。s range by simultaneously charging the battery./ ~) 雖然目前國家還沒有出臺LEV統(tǒng)一標準，不過在金華，即使是銷售淡季，顧客還是首選LEV。 　　The LEV has no official status in China. Nevertheless, on what should be a slow sales day at a Luyuan retail outlet in downtown Jinhua, the LEVs are flying out the door. In the space of an hour, one is snapped up by a 25yearold man, and a working mother rolls out with another. Why did she choose an LEV? She drives her rather bigboned son to school and prefers an LEV to a gaspowered scooter, pointing to the endemic air pollution hanging over the city. 　　Ni is betting that governments will sanction the LEV if it proves popular. He says he believes that Luyuan has addressed the one concern municipalities could level against the LEV that might have stuck: reduced safety due to the cycle39。倪捷公開承認它已經(jīng)不僅僅是“自行車”了。有些人買回去就可以自己把限速裝置拆掉。自行車協(xié)會強調的是電動自行車的國家標準，如重量不能超過40公斤，腳踏之間的寬度不能超過220毫米，最高時速小于20公里等等，許多最新的電動自行車和踏板電動車都不符合這些指標。 its 48V, 20AH battery packs double the energy of the standard bike。s more than a bicycle. Luyuan39。t just skirt the electricbike standard。t limited to the municipalities and the manufacturers. Even the China Bicycle Association has been clashing with some panies, including Luyuan, over what types of electric twowheelers should be on the road [see photo, The Basic Bike]. The bike group enforces a national standard for electric bicycles, and whichever parameter you choose—weight (no more than 40 kilograms), width (220 millimeters for the pedal shaft), speed (20 km/h, maximum)—many of the latest electric scooters either flunk or thwart the standard. Lots of electric scooters, for example, are outfitted with nonfunctioning pedals and with speedlimiting devices designed for easy removal after purchase. Luyuan39?！拔覀兿蚱渌胤秸畟鬟_的信息是，如果他們學習福州市政府的做法來反對電動車，他們就會有一些麻煩。這次聯(lián)手取得了局部的成功。倪捷就聯(lián)合了126家電動車廠家，將市政府(工商局)告上了法庭。s best markets. The city not only ceased issuing licenses for electric bicycles but also seized 20 electric bikes from a bicycle shop in the summer of 2003. Ni gathered a coalition of 126 electricbike manufacturers and filed suit against the city in its own municipal court. The coalition scored a partial win against the city government, forcing it to return the seized bikes.倪捷非?？粗腥嗣竦牧α浚@一點在福州事件中得到了充分印證。“如果政府沒有明確的解決方案，人民就可以按自己的辦法去行動，沒有理由去阻止人們這樣做。倪捷煙不離手，喝著泡著濃濃的綠茶的廣口杯，侃侃道來創(chuàng)業(yè)的艱辛與收獲。順著金華市工業(yè)園的公路就可以找到綠源公司的總部。s no way to stop that.! 去尋找綠源，要從上海市一路南下，來到金華。s spacious corner office (one of the few heated rooms at Luyuan on a cold February day), Ni chainsmokes, sipping from a seemingly bottomless jar of wellsteeped green tea. He says traffic is the top concern in many Chinese cities, and the electric bicycle fills a void by offering an affordable alternative to sitting in a stationary car or bus. If governments don39。公司成長迅猛，去年業(yè)績傲人，電動自行車和踏板電動車銷量達到了12萬輛，今年的銷售目標是30萬輛。s wife, Luyuan went private after Ni, Hu, and other principals bought out the initial investors. They have built a dynamic pany that sold 120 000 electric bikes and scooters last year and expects to sell 300 000 this year [see photo, Coming Off the Line].　　綠源電動公司一開始是從政府風險投資中分離出來的?！　uyuan EV was a government venturecapital spinoff. Building from a prototype put together nine years ago by Luyuan39。D effort, and an ambitious vision for Chinese EV technology. 　　盡管面臨著嚴酷的生存挑戰(zhàn)，但電動自行車廠商們并沒有退卻，而是知難而進，并取得了驚人成功。在中國官方制定的五年計劃中，汽車生產(chǎn)已經(jīng)被列為“支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)”?！比绻F(xiàn)有的交通運營者們和制造商們想與電動車競爭，就要為大眾提供效率更高，價格更便宜，更清潔的交通工具。s official fiveyear plans.　　何院士在有關環(huán)境和能源政策的公共辯論中一向直言?！薄　n outspoken figure in public debates around environmental and energy policy, He says none of the arguments against electric bikes has merit. Leadacid batteries, he points out, are used in cars, too. The real pollution source is not the electric bikes, it39。積極為綠色交通奔走呼吁的請愿人士說，這些借口蒼白無力，不過是試圖去保護電動車的競爭者而已。u1．Korea．May 2126，2001[10] [期刊論文]中國機械工程 2006(1)[11] 鄭永春，歐陽白遠，王世杰，等．山地自行車的物理和機械特性【J】．礦物巖石，2004，24(4)：14．1 9．[12] 葉久新 . 塑料模設計指導 . 北京理工大學出版社，2009.[13] 屈華昌 . 塑料成型工藝與模具設計 . 高等教育出版社，2006.[14] 張維合 . 注塑模具復雜結構100例 . 化學工業(yè)出版社，2010.[15] 李建國，崔平遠，居鶴華．基于恒星敏感器的山地自行車車向角確定算法．控制工程．2007年5月，第14卷[16] Jianguo Li，Pingyuan Cui，Hehua Ju．Design of a new digital sundial for lunarrover true north detection and pose estimation．The 8m ILEWG Confefence on Exploration and Utilization ofthe moon．Beijing．July 2006．[17] Hirose S，Kuwahara H，Wakabayasbi Y，et a1．The mobility design concepts／characteristics and ground testing of alloffset—wheel rover vehicle[J]．Space Technology，1997，17(3)：183—193．[18] NASA，Nasa Space Vehicle Design Criteria(Environment)Lunar Surface Modeh[c]／／National Aeronautics and Space Administration，1969．[19] David A．E，Corinne M B，Cauley M，et a1．Mobility study for a lunar[J]．Mobile Robots III，1988(1)：263—27外文資料翻譯IN REJECTING ELECTRIC BIKES, the municipalities cited such concerns as the threat of pollution from spent leadacid batteries, interference with automobiles resulting in accidents or slowed traffic, and the impact on the viability of public transit systems. Advocates for green transportation say these arguments amount to thinly veiled attempts to protect the electricbicycle industry39。孟老師一絲不茍的作風，嚴謹求實的態(tài)度，踏踏實實的精神，不僅授我以文，而且教我做人，短短一個多月時間，卻給以終生受益無窮之道。謝 辭本課題在選題及設計過程中得到孟老師的悉心指導。5．由于CAD/CAM工業(yè)軟件在產(chǎn)品設計與制造方面的應用的優(yōu)點，在未來制造業(yè)這些軟件的應用將會更加普遍。3．通過對自行車座模具的設計，對常用塑料在成型過程中對模具的工藝要求有了更深一層的理解，掌握了塑料成型模具的結構特點及設計計算方法，對獨立設計模具具有了一次新的鍛煉。雖然我們設計的只是一個簡單的自行車，但是從這次簡單的設計中得出了以下幾點結論：1．這次設計讓我對使用Pro/Engineer進行設計工作的基本流程和設計的方法以及理念有了一個更深的認識。圖87 模