跨文化商務(wù)溝通筆記(參考版)
2025-06-21 00:04本頁面
【正文】 前3種為硬管理要素，后4種為軟管理要素。 the leader decides.Decisionmaking is dispersed throughout organization. People at all levels make decisions. Authority Leadership Leaders direct the activities of subordinates by giving specific instructions.Leaders motivate their subordinates to work toward goals. They do not give as much specific direction. Initiative Only the leader initiates. Everyone is expected to initiate. Communication flowFrom the top of organization to the bottom From the top down and from the lower levels to higher levels StatusHigh status people enjoy privileges. People disapprove of special privileges and symbols of status. How to change the organizationReplace people at the top.Reform the organization. Elements influencing refusals? Power distance (manager vs employee)? Uncertainty (leave room for further thinking)? Face problem (saving face)? Personal relationship (afraid of refusing or being refused, relationship breakup)? Special time and space situations Language and culture. Close related, a reflection of. Language munication is affected by diff cGender municationSex physical /biological descriptive term Gender = sex + culture + role in societyMain culture： ethnic culture/ region culture/ religion culture/ gender culture/ age cultureMasculinity stands for a preference in society for achievement, heroism, assertiveness(過份自信的), petitiveness and toughness that have traditionally been associated with men. Femininity stands for a preference for modesty, relationships, cooperation, caring for the weak, and tenderness that have traditionally been labeled as feminine.Different styles presented and strategies applies by men and women in their munication differStrategies for businesswomen to apply in making a deal with their make counterparts. aware of business challenge( it is essential for a businesswoman to establish her rank and authority early in a relationship)2. Prepare right attitude( be tolerant and understanding )3. Always dress and act professionally.Nonverbal municationCommunication in general is process of sending and receiving messages that enables humans to share knowledge, attitudes, and skil
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