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頑固性心力衰竭ppt課件(參考版)

2025-05-15 13:42本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 clinical benefit out to 4 years I IIa IIb III Stage D Therapy Consideration of an LV assist device as permanentor “destination” therapy is reasonable in highly selected patients with refractory endstage HF and an estimated 1year mortality over 50% with medical therapy. Pulmonary artery catheter placement may be reasonable to guide therapy in patients with refractory endstage HF and persistently severe symptoms. Device Use II IIaIIa IIbIIb IIIIIIStage D Therapy Referral of patients with refractory endstage HF to an HF program with expertise in the management of refractory HF is useful. Referral to an HF Program II IIaIIa IIb IIIIIIStage D Therapy Options for endoflife care should be discussed with the patient and family when severe symptoms in patients with refractory endstage HF persist despite application of all remended therapies. Discussion of Options for EndofLife Care II IIaIIa IIb IIIIIIStage D Therapy: Partial left ventriculectomy is not remended inpatients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and refractory endstage HF. Routine intermittent infusions of positive inotropic agents are not remended for patients with refractory endstage HF. II IIaIIa IIb IIIIIIII IIaIIa IIb IIIIIINOT Remended 。 ? 鎂可以抑制心肌的自律性和興奮性,對(duì)心力衰竭中的心律失常和心源性猝死有一定的預(yù)防作用。短期應(yīng)用激素可改善身體一般狀況,提高心臟對(duì)各種藥物的反應(yīng)能力; 建議治療難治性心力衰竭時(shí)使用小劑量的激素 。 -用法:首先靜脈注射 2ug/kg的負(fù)荷量,再給予 維持量。 心肌肥厚、纖維化,心室擴(kuò)大 心力衰竭(被依普利酮阻斷) ?RALES ( 1663, NYHAⅢ Ⅳ , LVEF35%,螺內(nèi)酯 26mg/d) 醛固酮受體拮抗劑 死亡率降低 30%,心衰住院率降低 30% ?EPHESUS ( 6642, AMI伴收縮性心衰 , LVEF40%,依普利酮) 心血管病死亡率降低 17%,心衰住院率降低 15% ?嚴(yán)重心衰( NYHAⅢ Ⅳ ) 和心肌梗死后心功能不全 ?輕中度心衰患者,能夠逆轉(zhuǎn)心臟重構(gòu),改善內(nèi)皮功能,減少心肌膠原纖維生成,但缺乏隨機(jī)、前瞻性研究觀察對(duì)死亡率影響 哪些心衰患者使用 ? ? ? ?醛固酮受體拮抗劑在逆轉(zhuǎn)心肌肥厚和纖維化方面作用肯定,能夠調(diào)節(jié)舒張性心力衰竭時(shí)神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌紊亂。同時(shí)能擴(kuò)張血管,可明顯提高心排血量,降低肺毛細(xì)血管楔壓, 適用于伴有嚴(yán)重肺動(dòng)脈高壓的心衰患者 ; ? 米力農(nóng) 作用是氨力農(nóng)的 10- 30倍,副反應(yīng)比氨力農(nóng)少; ? 循證醫(yī)學(xué)證實(shí) , 長(zhǎng)期大量應(yīng)用可增加心衰病人的死亡率 ,故難治性心衰病人只短期應(yīng)用,或 在等待心臟移植病人中使用 。 1受體興奮劑-對(duì)羥苯心安 ? 可口服或靜注,能增強(qiáng)心肌收縮力,心排出量,而無(wú)收縮血管作用; ? 能增強(qiáng)洋地黃作用而不引起心律失常; 223。 ★ Comparison of dopamine and dobutamine Dobutamine β1> β2 > α inotropic Dopamine β1 (β2 ) inotropic High dose α α 1constriction DA1 DA2 Peripheral vasodilation Renal blood flow↑ β2dilation Norepinephrine β1> α > β2 β1= β2 > α Epinephrine
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