【正文】 結(jié)語：有了這十大句型，你的托福和雅思寫作還有什么可怕的呢 ?只要你多多練習(xí)，熟練掌握這些句型并靈活運(yùn)用到寫作中去，想要在雅思或托福寫作部分得到一個(gè)比較滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)將不再是一個(gè)遙不可及的夢想。 Eg: Computer, an indispensable part in our life, has brought us great conveniences. 電腦，我們生活中必不可少的一部分，給我們帶來了極大的方 便。 一種獨(dú)立成分 ,與句子的其它成分一般沒有語法上的關(guān)系 ,大都是對(duì)一句話作一些附加說明或解釋。 Eg: To be more specific, government should stage some relevant laws or regulations to severely punish the factory producing a great number of pollutants and the people littering or spitting deliberately. 具體來說，政府應(yīng)該 出臺(tái)相關(guān)法律法規(guī)對(duì)制造大量污染物的工廠及故意亂扔垃圾隨地吐痰的人進(jìn)行嚴(yán)懲。 第九， 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)：包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。 第八，被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 第七，倒裝句。 Eg: It is universally acknowledged that environmental pollution bees one of the most serious problems in China or even the world as a whole. source:veduchina 眾所周知，環(huán)境污染問題是中國乃至世界面臨的最為嚴(yán)重的問題之一。 第五，主語從句。 Eg: It is an undeniable fact that environmental pollution bees increasingly 變得越來越嚴(yán)重是不可否認(rèn)的事實(shí)。 Eg: Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it. source:veduchina 許多專家指出這是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)展必然的結(jié)果，無法避免。 第三， 賓語從句。 4. 時(shí)間狀語從句：常由 when 和 while 引導(dǎo) Eg: When it es to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. 說到教育，大部分人認(rèn)為其是一個(gè)終生的學(xué)習(xí)。 2. 讓步狀語從句：常由 although, though, even though/ if, as long as 和 notwithstanding 引導(dǎo) Eg: Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place. 盡管這一觀點(diǎn)被廣泛接受，很少有證據(jù)表明教育能夠在任何地點(diǎn)、任何年齡進(jìn)行。 在寫作當(dāng)中運(yùn)用的最多的是以下五種狀語從句，即原因狀語從句，讓步狀語 從句，條件狀語從句，時(shí)間狀語從句和目的狀語從句。 例如，下面的這兩個(gè)句子用上定語從句馬上就變成了一個(gè)漂亮的復(fù)雜句。 這應(yīng)該算是寫作中最常用的一種句型之一。t rule out the existence of a biological munity down there then these factors certainly would, or so they thought. Student 2 So you are telling us they did find anisms that could live under those conditions? Professor: They did indeed, something like 300 different species Student 1 But... but how could that be? I mean without sunlight, no energy, no no … Protessor: What they discovered was that microanisms, bacteria, had taken over both functions of the biological munity the recycling of waste materials and the production of energy. They were the energy source. You see, it turns out that certain microanisms are chemosynthetic they don39。t rea ch that far down so it ’ s totally dark. There couldn ’ t be any plant or animal life since there39。 texts and drawings through the medieval over w riting . Lecture 4 Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class. Professor: OK. We39。t be deciphered, this technique39。ve used ultraviolet light and some other techniques, and if you39。 text was erased and written over, and no one knew it existed. It wasn39。s considered one of the greatest Mathematicians who ever lived, even though , many of his writings had been lost , includi ng what many now think to be his most important work called The Method . But in 1998, a book of prayers from the Middle Ages sold in an art auction for a lot of money, more money than anyone would pay for a damaged book from the 12th century. Beautiful or not, why? It had been discovered that the book was a palimpsest, and beneath the surface writing on the manual script laid, guess what? Mathematical theorems and diagrams from Archimedes Archimedes39。d perform in your races? Lecture 3 Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in an art history class . Professor: Now in Europe in the Middle Ages before the invention of printing and the p r inting pres s, all books, all manual scripts were handmade. And the material typically used for the pages was parchment, which is animal skin that stretched and dried under tension, so it bec o me s really fat and can be written on . During the 1400s, when printing was being developed, paper became the predominant material for books in Europe, but prior to t hat, it was parchment . Parchment is durable, much more so than paper, and it could be reus ed which came in handy since it was a costly material and in short supply. So it wasn ’ t unmon for the scribes or monks who produce the manual scripts . Ah, remember before printing books were made mainly in monasteries . Well, the scribes often recycled the parchment that ’ d been used for earlier manual scripts. They simply erased the ink off the parchment and wrote something new in its place A manual script page that was written on, erased and then used again is called a palimpsest . Palimpsests were created, well, w e kn ow about two methods that were used for removing ink from parchment. In the late Middle Ages, it was customary to scrape away the surface of the parchment with an abrasive, which pletely wiped out any writing that was there. But earlier in the Middle Ages, the original ink was usually removed by washing the used parchment with milk. That removed the ink. But with the passing of time, the original writing might reappear. In fact , it might rea pp ear to the extent that scholars could make out an even deci p her , the original text. Perhaps, the most famous example is the Archimedes39。t realize . Professor Think of your brain as: a muscle. If you didn39。s ability to absorb information starts to decline after about the first hour. So if you are dealing with a lot of new concepts and vocabulary, anyway, if you just reviewed your notes, even 20 minutes a day, it39。s back up. You say you studied, where, at home? Samantha At my kitchen table actually . Professor And that39。