【正文】
凡是本規(guī)范中未涉及而論文中涉及的內(nèi)容,均可參考《MLA科研論文寫作規(guī)范(第五版)》。避免使用有殘疾歧視嫌疑的語言 提及有殘疾人士時(shí)用中性名詞,下列詞語應(yīng)避免使用:amputee cripple deaf and mutethe disabled the learning disabled the mentally ill the physically disabled the retarded retarded adult使用中性名詞時(shí)有關(guān)殘疾的修飾語應(yīng)放在中性名詞的后面,不要放在中性名詞的前面。:正確與錯(cuò)誤的指代成年人的名詞詞組正確:a chairpersona researcher a firefighterpeople, humanity, humankindhumanputer interactionworkforce, workersGladys Yanga nurse parenting, nurturinga police officer a postal worker a poet a president錯(cuò)誤(按字母排序):a chairmana female researchera fireman man, mankind manmachine interaction manpowerMrs. Yang Xianyia male nursemotheringa policeman a postman a poetess a woman president注:(1)“a female researcher”、“a woman president”這樣一類字眼暗指女性一般不夠資格擔(dān)當(dāng)研究員、校長(zhǎng)這類職務(wù),而“a male nurse”則暗指一般只能由女性擔(dān)當(dāng)護(hù)士之類的工作。避免使用有性別歧視嫌疑的語言正確使用第三人稱代詞 泛指不知性別的第三人稱時(shí)應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)、或者“he or she”等方法,避免使用“he”。句首的數(shù)字必須用英語拼寫()。日期、地址、頁(yè)碼中的數(shù)字必須用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示。六、數(shù)字的使用如果用英語撰寫的論文偏重于文獻(xiàn)研究而不需要使用很多數(shù)字,則應(yīng)用英語拼寫可以用一個(gè)或者兩個(gè)單詞表示的數(shù)字,如:eight forty seven three hundred one thousand其余數(shù)字用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示,如“301”、“111”等。五、避免使用縮略語 正文中不得使用口語體,不得使用縮略語,如:用“it is”、“I am”而不用“it’s”、“I’m”;用“and”而不用“amp。 正文中引用非英語的拉丁語應(yīng)使用斜體。文中不得用大寫體或者另一種字體來表示單詞()。如果主標(biāo)題不是以問號(hào)、感嘆號(hào)或破折號(hào)結(jié)尾,主標(biāo)題和副標(biāo)題之間用冒號(hào)和一個(gè)空格連接。具體包括名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞和從屬連詞。 she is not like us.” 標(biāo)題的大小寫在標(biāo)題和副標(biāo)題當(dāng)中,第一個(gè)單詞和最后一個(gè)單詞均需大寫,副標(biāo)題的第一個(gè)單詞首字母大寫。如:Many books would be briefer if their authors followed the logical principle known as Occam’s razor: Explanation should not be multiplied immediately. 冒號(hào)后如果跟一句獨(dú)立于冒號(hào)前內(nèi)容的小句作為引語,該引語的第一個(gè)詞的首字母必須大寫。:?jiǎn)挝幻Q的正確格式正確:Rules frequently cited by the interviewees are summed up in Table . 正確:The results show that Group 1 outperformed Group 2. 錯(cuò)誤:Rules frequently cited by the interviewees are summed up in table .錯(cuò)誤:The results show that group 1 outperformed group 2. 冒號(hào)后面跟一小句來闡釋冒號(hào)前的內(nèi)容時(shí),小句的第一個(gè)詞的首字母必須小寫。Mizuno, 1985)have attributed the lower error rates to learners’ avoidance of uncertain uses of articles. 正確:Master (1987, 1988) also found that “the” was overused in the same environment. 錯(cuò)誤:Master (1987,1988) also found that “the” was overused in the same environment. 正確:Hakuta (1976) found two types of error in the subjects’ article usage and he termed them “error of omission” and “error of mission.” 錯(cuò)誤:Hakuta (1976) found two types of error in the subjects’ article usage and he termed them “error of omission ” and “ error of mission.” 句子結(jié)尾在標(biāo)點(diǎn)后空一格,不要空兩格。:不正確空格的一些例子正確:These figures indicate that the participants were in good mand of Type One rules. 正確:2. What are the major reasons for the misuse of articles by Chinese EFL learners?錯(cuò)誤:These figures indicate that the participants were in good mand of Type1 rules.錯(cuò)誤: are the major reasons for the misuse of articles by Chinese EFL learners?正確:People (Kharma, 1981。無作者文獻(xiàn)應(yīng)該把文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)題看作作者的姓對(duì)待,除去冠詞后按第一個(gè)詞首字母的順序排列。如果第二作者也相同,則按第三作者姓氏的字母順序排列。:如果同一作者既是一篇文獻(xiàn)的獨(dú)立作者,又是另一篇文獻(xiàn)的第一作者,則獨(dú)立作者的文獻(xiàn)應(yīng)列在第一作者的文獻(xiàn)前面。 按作者或第一作者姓氏的字母順序排列。如:“Little Machines: Rearticulating Hypertext Users.” 3 Dec. 1994. 14 Aug. 1996 ftp://./pub/CCCC95/johneilol.王岳川. 當(dāng)代傳媒中的網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化與電視批評(píng). 2004. 2005年11月18日讀取...blocchina./new/display/.參考文獻(xiàn)的排序和格式(參考文獻(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤比較多,最好后面附一、兩個(gè)樣本,指出一些常見的錯(cuò)誤。Eilola, John. “Little Machines: Rearticulating Hypertext Users.” 3 Dec. 1994. 14 Aug. 1996 ftp://./pub/CCCC95/johneilol.3 Dec. ;14 Aug. 1996為論文撰寫人上網(wǎng)查詢的日期;ftp://./pub/CCCC95/johneilol為網(wǎng)址。High Fidelity. Dir. Stephen Frears. Perf. John Cusack, Iben Hjejle, Jack Black, and Todd Louiso. 2000. Videocassette. Walt Disney Video, 2001. 我的父親母親. 張藝謀導(dǎo)演. 章子怡主演. 廣西電影制片廠, 2000. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源著錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源必須標(biāo)明網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源的上傳日期和論文撰寫人上網(wǎng)查詢的日期(date of retrieval),標(biāo)明網(wǎng)址。電影條目以影名開始(用斜體表示),繼以導(dǎo)演的姓名(放在“Dir.”之后)和主要演員的姓名(放在“Perf.”之后),然后是發(fā)行者的名稱和發(fā)行年份。有些學(xué)術(shù)期刊并不使用卷號(hào),而僅僅使用總期號(hào),此時(shí)只要標(biāo)注總期號(hào)即可。但是,也有一些雜志同一卷的幾期不連續(xù)編碼,此時(shí)需要標(biāo)注期號(hào)。緊接期刊名稱后的為期刊的卷號(hào),括號(hào)內(nèi)為出版年份,最后標(biāo)注的為文章在此期刊中的頁(yè)碼。出版地和出版社名稱也不需標(biāo)注。Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Works of Geoffrey Chaucer. Ed. F. W. Robinson. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton, 1957. (2nd ed. 還可替換為Expanded ed., Rev. ed., Abr. ed., 1999 )碩、博士論文(Dissertation)Hubert, Henry Allan. “The Development of English Studies in NineteenthCentury Anglo Canadian Colleges.” Diss. U of British Columbia, 1988.收錄在論文集等里的文章(下面應(yīng)說明文章名不用斜體,論文集名用斜體;還要說明后面是頁(yè)碼)Glover, David. “The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of: Masculinity, Femininity, and the Thriller.” Gender, Genre and Narrative Pleasure. Ed. Derek Longhurst. London: Unwin Hyman, 1989. 6783. (1989后面是冒號(hào)還是句號(hào)?和下面不一致)張美芳. 翻譯學(xué)——關(guān)系繁多的綜合性學(xué)科. 黃國(guó)文, 張文浩主編. 語文研究群言集. 廣州: 中山大學(xué)出版社, 1997: 308318. 收錄在百科全書、字典里的文章條目以此文章的作者姓名作為開頭,如果作者姓名沒有給出,則以文章的標(biāo)題開始。所涉及的幾本書按照書名