【正文】 貝諾克瑞提斯1 Love as both an emotion and a behavior is essential for human survival The family is usually our earliest and most important source of love and emotional support. Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problems for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic and psychosomatic difficulties that sometimes last a l。該書還審視了當(dāng)今美國家庭的多樣性，運(yùn)用跨文化和多元文化的比較，以激發(fā)創(chuàng)造性思維來研究21世紀(jì)家庭所面臨的許多嚴(yán)峻問題。s studies in a number of universities in the United States. It highlights important contemporary changes in society and the family and explores the choices that are available to family members, as well as the constraints that many of us do not recognize. It examines the diversity of American families today, using crosscultural and multicultural parisons to encourage creative thinking about the many critical issues that confront the family of the twentyfirst century.下面的文章選自奈杰爾貝諾克瑞提斯的婚姻與家庭。但是，就目前我們看到的情況來看，特別是在最后一冊(cè)，《哈利波特》具備了經(jīng)典作品的所有特征。羅琳的書也許不如托爾金的書那么具有權(quán)威性，也不如達(dá)爾的作品那般跌宕起伏，但是她的書將涉世未深的讀者帶入了一個(gè)相當(dāng)高的娛樂水準(zhǔn)。我們深深地記著哈迪男孩和南茜ve seen so far, especially in the latest volume, Harry Potter has all the earmarks of a classic.10 除了這些吹毛求疵的意見，羅琳的書可能是孩子們所接觸到的最好的書，而且閱讀這些書也不是家長強(qiáng)加的任務(wù)。t been thrust upon them by an adult. I envy kids reading these books, because there was nothing this good when I was a boynothing this good, I mean, that we found on our own, the way kids are finding Harry. We affectionately remember The Hardy Boys and Nancy Drew, but try rereading them and their charm fades away pretty quickly. Rowling may not be as magisterial as Tolkien or as quirky as Dahl, but her books introduce fledgling readers to a very high standard of entertainment. With three books left to go in the series, it39。這個(gè)角色是如此的有魅力，你是永遠(yuǎn)也見不到的，而且他相當(dāng)令人恐懼。伏地魔王讓人抗拒就是因?yàn)樗麅H僅只是一個(gè)十足的壞蛋。 希爾弗既邪惡又迷人，所以他才讓人更覺害怕。我這里說的“絕妙的反面角色”是指“有趣的反面角色”。ll never see him ing. And he is scary.9 《哈利波特》系列叢書不盡完美。t perfect. What I miss most in these novels is the presence of a great villain. And by great villain I mean an interesting villain. Long. John Silver is doubly frightening because he is both evil and charming. If he were all bad, he wouldn39。而且我知道，那樣的話成人就不會(huì)被它吸引?！倍贻p的讀者們能夠領(lǐng)會(huì)這一份深刻的理性嗎?也許不能自覺地做到這一點(diǎn)吧。在《哈利波特》(一)中，變成孤兒的哈利盯著那面能夠說出每個(gè)人內(nèi)心深處愿望的厄里斯魔鏡看，他看見了逝去的雙親?！倍@也讓我很害怕。在《哈利波特》(二)中，當(dāng)那位智慧的、對(duì)學(xué)生呵護(hù)有加的魔法學(xué)校校長鄧布利多被驅(qū)逐出霍格華茲時(shí)，哈利和他的同學(xué)們都感到恐懼萬分。t think the books would have their broad appeal if they were only exciting tales of magical adventure, and I know adults would not find them so enticing.8 優(yōu)秀作家關(guān)注孩子特點(diǎn)的能力達(dá)到驚人的程度。d written did I realize that that had been taken entirely entirely from how I felt about my mother39。s books there runs an undercurrent of sadness and loss. In the first book the orphaned Harry stares into the Mirror of Erised, which shows the viewer his or her utmost desires. Harry sees his dead parents. Not until I39。也許她文風(fēng)樸實(shí)，但是她給人和物取名的方式顯示了獨(dú)特的原創(chuàng)才能。它們相互連接、渾然一體。特拉弗斯概括得精辟至極。s books, starting with their language. Her prose may be unadorned, but her way with naming people and things reveals a quirky and original talent.7 《歡樂滿人間》的作者帕梅拉普爾曼，當(dāng)然還有羅琳一樣與眾不同——才能夠做到這一點(diǎn)。它們?nèi)绱耸軞g迎的關(guān)鍵之處就在于無論是大人還是小孩都能夠從閱讀中獲得樂趣。本來我還可以告訴她我認(rèn)為《哈利波特》系列叢書沒有什么新意，它們與眾多兒童經(jīng)典作品有太多相似之處，所以有時(shí)候會(huì)給讀者一種感覺，仿佛羅琳組裝編織了這些故事。s classics that sometimes it seems as though Rowling had assembled her novels from a kit. However, these novels amount to, much more than just the sum of their parts. The crucial aspect of their appeal is that they can be read by children and adults with equal pleasure. Only the best authors—and they can be as different as Dr. Seuss and Philip Pullman and, yes, . Rowling—can pull that off.6 我本可以告訴她我認(rèn)為這些書是精心構(gòu)思的通俗作品，是堪比史蒂文英格這一類人相比較，羅琳到底有多棒。路易斯但事實(shí)上，我在閃爍其詞。有一天，11歲的女兒問我是否認(rèn)為《哈利波特》是經(jīng)典之作，我給出了一個(gè)恐怕聽起來十分成人化的回答，“時(shí)間會(huì)證明一切的。s no telling which books will survive from one generation to the next. But the fact is, I was hedging. What my daughter really wanted to know was how well J. K. Rowling stacks up against the likes of Robert Louis Stevenson or Madeleine L39?！?5 But perhaps the most curious thing about the Potter phenomenon, especially given that it is all about books, is that almost no one has taken the time to say how good— or bad—these books are. The other day my 11yearold daughter asked me if I thought Harry Potter was a classic. I gave her, I39。赫恩覺得這并不奇怪。但是作為兒童圖書專家和《綠野仙蹤》的編輯，邁克爾他們認(rèn)為羅琳在宣揚(yáng)巫術(shù)。s nothing new, says Michael Patrick Hearn, a children39。“我做不到，我不能先看書的結(jié)尾?！拔衣犝f有一個(gè)主角死了，我真的很想知道是誰，”她說。在美國北卡羅來納州的夏洛特市“邊界”連 鎖書店，12歲的艾琳書店舉辦了睡衣派對(duì)，邀請(qǐng)了一些魔術(shù)師表演，并提供曲奇餅和潘趣酒， 可是沒人需要這些，因?yàn)槿藗儌€(gè)個(gè)情緒高漲。t do it. I can39。單從敘述能力而言，《哈利波特與火焰杯》也是《哈利波特》系列叢書中最好的一本。他說：“《哈利波特》就如同生活， 但比生活更美好。12歲的杰克而這還只是個(gè)開始。”她說得很委婉?！拔覐膩頉]有指望過有這么多人喜歡它，”在最近的一次訪談中她仍然這樣 說，“可是，很顯然，我大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)了。s putting it mildly. With 35 million copies in print, in 35 languages, the first three Harry Potter books have earned a conservatively estimated $480 million in three years. And that was just the warmup. With a first printing of million copies and advance orders topping million, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, the fourth installment of the series, promises to break every bookselling record. Jack Morrissey, 12, plainly speaks for a generation of readers when he says, The Harry Potter books are like life, but better.1J．K．羅琳發(fā)誓說自己從來沒有過這種預(yù)想。S HOT?《哈利波特》風(fēng)行之迷1 J. K. Rowling swears she never saw it ing. In her wildest dreams, she didn39。Unit Three Leisure without literature is death and burial alive. —Seneca, Roman philosopher沒有文學(xué)的休閑生活猶如死亡抑或活埋。傳說古時(shí)候 人們把粽子投到江中，希望水中的龍不要帶走他。端午節(jié)吃粽子，人們用蘆葦葉子把糯米包成三角形的粽子是為了紀(jì)念受人愛戴的詩人屈原。比如除夕夜全家團(tuán)圓時(shí)，北方人吃肉餃或菜餃，象征辭舊迎新。無論在聚會(huì)還是在宴席上，人們首先考慮大家的需求，把吃飯當(dāng)成是謙卑有禮和關(guān)懷他人的場合。 with the eating process also being a time to show humility and concern for others.14這種飲食習(xí)俗對(duì)中國人的性格也有幾分影響。這種習(xí)俗用來表達(dá)尊敬、關(guān)懷和好客之意，至今在老一輩的中 國人中還是很流行。13 A hostess or host in China will apportion the best parts of the dishes to guests. Using a pair of serving chopsticks, she or he places the best part of a steamed fish or the most tender piece of meat on the plate of the most important guest. Such a custom is still popular, especially among the elder ge