【正文】 today is a gift, and that is why we call it present. 歷史 借鑒 論： My feet is guided by nothing but the lamp of history. 勿忘 國(guó)恥！ 以史為鑒 歷史甄別論： Who controls the past controls the future, and who controls the present controls the past Gee Orwell 例題 The main benefit of the study of history is to dispel the illusion that people living now are significantly different from people who lived in earlier times. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. 文章結(jié)構(gòu) topic Introduction thesis statement Body argumentation subpoint 1 + supporting details subpoint 2 + supporting details subpoint 3 + supporting details Concession Conclusion 思路 History, as a record of past events, differs from present life ? Throughout history, technological innovations constantly shapes people’s life ? Social perspective ? Political perspective ? Daily life Eternal problems keep plaguing human, for the nature of human remains unchanged ? Wealth out work/pleasure without conscience/science without humanity/knowledge without character/politics without principle/merce without morality/worship without sacrifice ? history is written by the winner, and thus, the bygone truth, no matter how similar to or different from present perception, should be, as the main duty of historians, explored and examined. 反思 歷史的真實(shí)性是研究歷史的基礎(chǔ) 表象上歷史不同于今日，而歷史的客觀規(guī)律無法改變，這來自于人性的缺陷 時(shí)間既是經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，因?yàn)槲覀兏惺艿搅藭r(shí)間的流逝 時(shí)間又是超驗(yàn)的，因?yàn)槲覀兏惺艿降臅r(shí)間的流逝，無非是我們自身的衰老 例題 When old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. 文章結(jié)構(gòu) topic Introduction thesis statement Body argumentation subpoint 1 + supporting details subpoint 2 + supporting details subpoint 3 + supporting details Concession Conclusion 思路 Modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings ? Contemporary needs other than the preservation of historic buildings are more closely related to people’s welfare The preservation of historic buildings is also a must ? The value of historic buildings issues modern people a sense of cultural identity, without which, it is hard for them to find their locations in the psychological coordinates Modern development and historic building preservation are not a dilemma ? Assess the historical value ? Rebuild historic buildings ? Convert the historic building for modern use 反思：歷史還能帶給我什么 身份認(rèn)同 (identity) 沒有歷史，則沒有價(jià)值 對(duì)于過往的繼承，要利用時(shí)間這把刻刀，去篩選出最普世的，最震撼人類心靈的過往 道德論 道德論 人類唯一區(qū)別于動(dòng)物的標(biāo)志 不是勞動(dòng)，是道德感 道德感指的是超越生存需求的發(fā)展愿望 道德存在于理想世界，是超驗(yàn)的 。s efficiency so that they have more leisure time Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. 思路 Body Technological advancement should aim at improving people’s efficiency people’s efforts on technological innovation are meant to save time for leisure rather than get into more troubles The efficiency is not determined by technology itself but by people, the users of technology When to use How to use Modern people muddle the two key elements, thus turning our lives into plications 認(rèn)識(shí)論EPISTEMOLOGY 知識(shí) 到底 是經(jīng)驗(yàn)的（ EMPIRICAL） 還是超驗(yàn)的（ TRANSCENDENTAL） 幾 個(gè)問題給大家思考 ? 美，到底是主觀的還是客觀的？ ? 這個(gè)世界上到底存不存在上帝？ ? 為什么 2+2=4？是因?yàn)?1+1=2么？那么為什么 1+1=2？ ? 實(shí)踐是檢驗(yàn)真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這句話對(duì)么？ ? Isaac Newton vs Albert Einstein KNOWLEDGE IS BASED ON OUR EXPERIENCE AND LOGICS, YET KNOWLEDGE ITSELF DOES NOT EQUAL TO TRUTH, FOR TRUTH CAN ONLY BE APPROXIMATED BUT NEVER REACHED. AS A RESULT 一道曾經(jīng)做過的題目 Claim: Imagination is a more valuable asset than experience. Reason: People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible without the constraints of established habits and attitudes.[理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)、創(chuàng)新與繼承 ] Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based. 思路 Body 沒有過往經(jīng)驗(yàn)和態(tài)度的束縛，人們的確可以擁有更多的想象空間 過往經(jīng)驗(yàn)容易造成思維定式，對(duì)于創(chuàng)新有阻礙作用 對(duì)于過往經(jīng)驗(yàn)的繼承也非常重要 從認(rèn)知角度 (cognitive perspective)來看，經(jīng)驗(yàn)是想象力的基礎(chǔ) 突破固有經(jīng)驗(yàn) 重組固有經(jīng)驗(yàn) 兩者同等重要 過往經(jīng)驗(yàn)由于人類認(rèn)知能力的局限，有可能是錯(cuò)誤的 例題 Students should always question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. 文章結(jié)構(gòu) topic Introduction thesis statement Body argumentation subpoint 1 + supporting details subpoint 2 + supporting details subpoint 3 + supporting details Concession Conclusion 思路 Acquiring knowledge, students should adopt cr