跨國公司財(cái)務(wù)第1章全球化與跨國企業(yè)(參考版)
2025-01-10 00:18本頁面
【正文】 initially they choose 600 million pounds of food, and 80 million yards of textiles. 80 137 The Geometry of Comparative Advantage 300 Food Textiles 180 900 240 60 200 600 80 Country A enjoys a parative advantage in textiles because they have to give up food at a lower rate than B when making textiles. Put another way, country B enjoys a parative advantage in food because they have to give up textiles at a lower rate than A when making more food. Geometrically, a parative advantage exists because the slopes of the production possibilities differ. 138 The Geometry of Comparative Advantage 300 Food Textiles 180 900 240 60 200 600 80 If the countries specialize according to their parative advantage, then country A should make textiles and trade for food, while country B should grow food and trade for textiles. 139 The Geometry of Comparative Advantage 1,200 300 Food Textiles 420 180 900 240 60 200 600 80 Before trade, if both countries made only textiles, the bined production would be 420 million yards of textiles = 240 + 180. Before trade, if both countries made only food, the bined production would be 1,200 million pounds of food = 900 + 300. 140 The Geometry of Comparative Advantage 1,200 300 Food Textiles 420 180 900 240 60 200 600 80 The bined production possibilities curve of country A and B without trade are shown in the green line. 141 The Geometry of Comparative Advantage 1,200 300 Food Textiles 420 800 180 900 240 60 200 600 80 Before trade, the bined production is 800 million lbs of food and 140 million yards of textiles. 140 142 The Geometry of Comparative Advantage 1,200 300 Food Textiles 420 800 140 900 240 60 200 600 80 County B can produce food at a lower opportunity cost, so let B produce the first 900 million pounds of food. Country A can produce textiles at a lower opportunity cost, so let them produce the first 180 million yards of textiles. 180 143 The Geometry of Comparative Advantage 1,200 300 Food Textiles 420 800 140 180 900 240 60 200 600 80 The bined production possibilities curve with trade is posed of the original curves joined as shown. 144 The Geometry of Comparative Advantage 1,200 300 Food Textiles 420 800 140 180 900 240 60 200 600 80 The gains from trade are shown by the increase in consumption available— an extra 100 million pounds of food and 40 million yards of textiles are now available in excess of the pretrade consumption. 145 Arguments in Favor of Free Trade ? Both partners gain from trade: we have more material goods. ? “Freedom” in a good thing in itself.
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