小說(shuō)及小說(shuō)要素ppt課件(參考版)
2025-01-07 02:28本頁(yè)面
【正文】 simple, pound, or plex。 repetition。 figurative devices (simile, metaphor, personification)。s story. Analyzing Theme ? Does the work have a theme? Is it stated or implied? ? What generalization(s) or statement(s) about life or human experience does the work make? ? What elements of the work contribute most heavily to the formulation of the theme? Analyzing Theme ? Does the theme emerge anically and naturally, or does the author seem to force the theme upon the work? ? What is the value or significance of the work s theme? Is it topical or universal in its application? Style The words that tell the story Style ? Style is highly individualistic. ? The better the writer, the more the writer’s words fit the precise situation called for in the story. ? Jonathan Swift defined style as the right words in the right place. We may add that style is also the right words at the right time and in the right circumstances. ? ? Style diction syntax The arrangement of those words and phrases, clauses, and sentences The individual words an author chooses As well as such devices as rhythm and sound, allusion, ambiguity, irony, paradox and figurative language Elements of style Diction: choice of words ? The denotative meaning or words, as opposed to their connotative meaning ? Degree of concreteness or abstractness ? Degree of allusiveness ? Parts of speech they represent ? Length and construction ? The level of usage they reflect (standard or nonstandard。s Heart of Darkness ? Joseph Conrad39。s other elements. ? The title an author gives the work often suggests a particular focus or emphasis for the reader39。s total structure and texture. Things to keep in mind ? The theme may be less prominent and less fully developed in some works of fiction than in others. ? It is entirely possible that intelligent readers will differ, at times radically, on just what the theme of a given works is. ? The theme of a given work need not be in accord with the reader’s particular beliefs and values. Identifying Theme ? It is important to avoid confusing a work39。 Analyzing Point of View ? What is the point of view: who talks to the reader? Is the point of consistent throughout the work or does it shift in some way? ? Where does the narrator stand in relation to the work? Where does the reader stand? ? To what sources of knowledge or information does the point of view give the reader access? What sources of knowledge or information does it serve to conceal? ? If the work is told from the point of view of one of the characters, is the narrator reliable? Does his or her personality, character, or intellect affect an ability to interpret the events or the other characters correctly? ? Given the author39。她一唱歌，那塊奶酪便從嘴里掉出來(lái)落到地上，正好落到狐貍跟前，狐貍狡猾地咧著大嘴直笑，并且說(shuō)：：“謝謝你，烏鴉小姐，為表達(dá)對(duì)你的這塊奶酪的謝意，我要給你一個(gè)忠告，這就是 —千萬(wàn)不要相信吹捧你的人?！? 烏鴉抖抖身上的羽毛，頭抬得高高的。”狐貍想道。 ?一個(gè)晴朗的秋天，狐貍看見(jiàn)一只烏鴉正在飛過(guò)，嘴里叼著一大塊奶酪。她一唱歌，那塊奶酪便從嘴里掉出來(lái)落到地上，正好落到狐貍跟前，狐貍狡猾地咧著大嘴直笑，并且說(shuō)：：“謝謝你，烏鴉小姐，為表達(dá)對(duì)你的這塊奶酪的謝意，我要給你一個(gè)忠告，這就是 —千萬(wàn)不要相信吹捧你的人?！?啊，現(xiàn)在她已經(jīng)上了我的圈套?！睘貘f抖抖身上的羽毛，頭抬得高高的。 狐貍想道。 ?一個(gè)晴朗的秋天，狐貍看見(jiàn)一只烏鴉正在飛過(guò)，嘴里叼著一大塊奶酪。她一唱歌，那塊奶酪便從嘴里掉出來(lái)落到地上，正好落到狐貍跟前，狐貍狡猾地咧著大嘴直笑，并且說(shuō)：：“謝謝你，烏鴉小姐，為表達(dá)對(duì)你的這塊奶酪的謝意，我要給你一個(gè)忠告，這就是 —千萬(wàn)不要相信吹捧你的人。諸位讀者要準(zhǔn)備好，吸取所有人都應(yīng)記住的教訓(xùn)！ ?烏鴉高興得全然忘乎所以，這時(shí)唱歌會(huì)帶來(lái)什么后果是顯而易見(jiàn)的，但烏鴉卻忘了這一切。” 喜歡別人吹捧自己的烏鴉聽(tīng)了十分得意 。” ?烏鴉又累又餓
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