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電大民俗文化嶺南文化期末復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)資料考試小抄【精編打印版(參考版)

2025-06-07 13:40本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 s Day. More and more young Chinese people begin to celebrate this day in a very similar way as that in western countries. Fewer people than ever will gaze at the heavens on Saturday to pick out the two stars shining brig ht on either side of the Milky Way, that is, if people even know on which day Qixi falls. There are ready reminders dotted about, in the form of big ads saying Sales on Chinese Valentine39。 Festival. In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water on the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to bee pregnant quickly. Tradition transformed The love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentine39。s time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang39。 ll wait in the line for one hour to get a ticket, and another two hours at the site, to only see a tiny bit of the place due to the crowds. Last year, 428 million tourists traveled in China over the weeklong holiday in October. Traveling during this period is a matter that needs thorough preparation. If you are short on time to plan the uping Golden Week it may not be a bad idea to avoid some of the most crowded places for now. There is always a place so fascinating that everyone yearns for. Arxan is a place like this. The beauty of Arxan is everlasting regardless of the changing of four seasons. Bestowed by nature, its spectacular seasonal landscape and mountains are just beyond word. Arxan is a crucial destination for the remended travelling route, China Inner Mongolia Arxan — Hailar — Manzhouli. It is also the joint of the four prairies across the SinoMongolian border, where people gravitate towards the exotic atmosphere mixed with Chinese, Russian, and Mongolia elements. As a historic site for the Yitian Battle, Arxan still embodies the spirit of Genghis Khan. Walking into Arxan, you will be amazed by a kaleidoscope of geous colors all the year round the Spring azaleas blooming red in the snow, the Summer sea wavering blue in the breeze, the Autumn leaves painted in yellow covering volcanic traces, and the Winter woods shining white on the vast alpine snowscape. Hinggan League Arxan city is situated in the far eastern area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its full name Haren Arxan means hot holy water in the Mongolian language. Arxan is a tourism city in the northern frontier with a blend of large forest, grand prairies, vast snowfield, heaven lake cluster, thermium, as well as volcanic cluster. It is a rare and unique ecotourism base filled with healthy sunshine, clean air and unspoiled green. Nestled close to the country39。全市木偶班共有 150 多班,木偶藝人達(dá)500 多人。 1987 年,木偶藝人梁東興、朱兆庚同時(shí)應(yīng)邀參加廣東省首屆民間藝術(shù)歡樂(lè)節(jié)演出,引起全場(chǎng)轟動(dòng),欲罷不能,結(jié)果一連演了 20 多場(chǎng)。藝人熟練的操作技巧,明快的曲藝唱腔,激昂的鑼鼓點(diǎn)擊,令人贊嘆不絕。表演時(shí),可以令木偶開(kāi)合扇子、穿衣、戴帽、斟酒、拿書(shū)、寫(xiě)字、開(kāi)弓射箭等動(dòng)作,一舉一動(dòng),準(zhǔn)確自然。木偶造型十分精巧,它用堅(jiān)韌的木料加工成型后,采用變形夸張的手法,進(jìn)行彩繪、裝璜,使之形神兼?zhèn)?,栩栩如生。逢年過(guò) 節(jié)或農(nóng)閑時(shí),木偶藝人便肩挑著木偶箱,走村串巷,利用村中屋旁的空地或在屋廳中央,擺放一張方桌,則可以架設(shè)成為木偶表演舞臺(tái)。由一名藝人表演,集唱、做、吹、打于一身。 六、發(fā)揮題 結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)歷,介紹一項(xiàng)廣東民間的傳統(tǒng)娛樂(lè)形式。至于五龍子,本身就是龍形,其行云作魚(yú),興風(fēng)作浪的本領(lǐng),都在龍母之上。 龍母的神性是怎樣體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的? 答:龍母作為水神的神性,一是通過(guò)她本身的法力,一是通過(guò)她的孝子 —— 五龍子來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。遺產(chǎn)留給妾侍或庶出子女。彌留期間的飲食、醫(yī)藥及身后費(fèi)用,均由女家負(fù) 責(zé)。若是翁姑或丈夫過(guò)世,必須親自回去 “ 上服 ”盡孝執(zhí)喪。不過(guò),不落家婦女,在夫家仍是主婦名分。如新郎以暴力相逼,即厲聲呼救,以金蘭姐妹扮演的大妗,聞聲后便集體前往救護(hù),幫助新娘解脫。蓄意不落家的婦女,臨嫁時(shí)秘密請(qǐng)知己的大嫂大姐們傳授 洞房花燭之夜的應(yīng)付辦法,并請(qǐng)金蘭姐妹特制一套防衛(wèi)衣服,衣服制成上下相連,夾口處縫得特別牢固,讓新娘無(wú)法扯開(kāi)。 簡(jiǎn)述 “ 不落家 ” 風(fēng)俗形成的原因及特點(diǎn)。下山虎俗稱 “ 厝塵 ” ,平面布局為三 合院形式。中間主體部分為房屋建筑,屋前為長(zhǎng)方形禾坪,再往前是半月形池塘。喜慶、祭祀、飼養(yǎng)牲禽、貯存作物、曬晾衣服都很便當(dāng),最受農(nóng)民喜愛(ài)。如果在 “ 四點(diǎn)金 ” 外圍建一圈房屋 ,則謂之 “ 四點(diǎn)金加厝包 ” 。外圍一般有圍墻 ,圍墻內(nèi)打陽(yáng)埕 ,鑿水井;大門左右兩側(cè)有 “ 壁肚 ” ;一進(jìn)門就是前廳 ,兩邊的房間叫前房;進(jìn)而是空曠的天井 ,兩邊各有一房間 ,一間作為廚房 ,稱為 “ 八尺房 ” ;另一間作為柴草房 ,一般稱為 “ 厝手房 ” ;天井后邊為大廳 ,兩邊各有一個(gè)大房。 答:
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