【正文】 祝你們旅游愉快！謝謝！再見！這只是臨時寫的，會有錯誤。好了，我們往對面半學(xué)齋繼續(xù)參觀。在教學(xué)齋外面有一副對聯(lián)：業(yè)精于勤漫貪嬉戲思鴻鵠；學(xué)以致用莫把聰明付蠹蟲。現(xiàn)在我們所看到的教學(xué)齋，其齋名源自《禮記》：建國居民，教學(xué)為先。百泉軒正堂懸掛“斯文一派”匾，意為：我們岳麓書院文化自成一派。在御書樓兩旁有兩座亭子，我們大家左邊是“擬蘭亭”，擬是模擬、仿照的意思蘭亭就是浙江紹興王羲之所說蘭亭序的蘭亭，當(dāng)時建造擬蘭亭的時候?qū)γ媸且豢诰?，在井上建造此亭，所以亭子名為“汲泉亭”，這是兩個亭子名字的來歷。但是到后來戰(zhàn)爭中日機(jī)轟炸，所以藏書與御書樓一起全部被日軍炸毀。古代書院主要有三大功能：講學(xué)，就是我們前面的講堂；祭祀，就是我們旁邊的專祠和文廟；第三就是藏書，我們的御書樓。現(xiàn)在我們所看到的就是我們的御書樓。這9條是教育我們學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度、學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容、學(xué)習(xí)方法的。對聯(lián)原聯(lián)使我們書院乾隆年間山長曠敏本所撰，但抗日戰(zhàn)爭也被炸毀，現(xiàn)聯(lián)是湖南書法協(xié)會主席顏嘉龍先生補(bǔ)書。大家往兩邊看，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)講堂的兩壁有一副長聯(lián)，這是我們書院最長的一副對聯(lián)也是最值得我們大家思考的一副對聯(lián)。乾隆皇帝御賜這塊“道南正脈”匾就是說以我們岳麓書院為主的湖湘文化學(xué)派是南方理學(xué)中最正宗、最正統(tǒng)的。學(xué)達(dá)性天的意思就是說通過教育、通過學(xué)問、通過“養(yǎng)性”達(dá)到性、命合一，性與天齊。與匾一起，當(dāng)時賓步程校長一起把旁邊的一副對聯(lián)放上去：工善其事必利其器；業(yè)精于勤而荒于嬉，它的對仗并不是很工整，掛在上面就是因?yàn)樗且桓辈厥茁?lián)，兩邊首字“工、業(yè)”代指當(dāng)時學(xué)校主要學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。首先映入我們眼簾的是講堂最外面的“實(shí)事求是”匾，看到這塊匾大家很可能會想到毛澤東，確實(shí)這塊匾對毛澤東產(chǎn)生很大影響。為什么稱之為槐市，這是因?yàn)樵诠糯鷮W(xué)生們趕考是在三月是槐花盛開的季節(jié)，趕考?xì)w來是在八月是槐花落下的季節(jié)，所以說槐花的一開一落就決定了他們一生地命運(yùn)，所以學(xué)生們就喜歡在槐樹林里面讀書討論。下聯(lián)：學(xué)宗鄒魯禮門義路圣賢心，“鄒、魯”是孟子和孔子的故鄉(xiāng)，代之我們書院學(xué)習(xí)的是孔孟儒學(xué)，“禮門義路”出自《孟子》：夫義，路也，禮，門也，惟君子能由是路出入是門也，下聯(lián)就是說我們通過對孔孟儒學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)來達(dá)到契合圣賢之心的目的。在這塊匾下面有一副我們二門的門聯(lián)：納于大麓；藏之名山。岳麓書院二門始建于明代嘉靖元年，因?yàn)橐郧拔覀兇箝T之后是一個祭祀孔子的禮殿，到了后來建立文廟來祭祀孔子后，就把原來的禮殿改成二門。如果大家感興趣的可以看一下我們大門兩旁的一副長聯(lián)：治無古今育才是急莫漫觀四海潮流千秋講院，學(xué)有因革通變?yōu)樾墼団舛戎鞆堃鈿饷田L(fēng)神。另外我們還可以給大家隨便舉一些例子來證明一下：包括明代末期大思想家王夫之，清代魏源、曾國藩、曾國荃、左宗棠、胡林翼，以及我國第一位駐外大使郭嵩燾，之后的唐才常、蔡鍔、陳天華、程潛、毛澤東、蔡和森、李達(dá)、何叔衡等人都曾在岳麓書院求學(xué)，所以說惟楚有材，于斯為盛也并不為過，正如我們前門門聯(lián)的上聯(lián)：千百年楚材導(dǎo)源于此就是說千百年來楚地人才都是我們書院培養(yǎng)的。在這塊匾下面還有一副我們大門的門聯(lián)“惟楚有材，于斯為盛”，是比較有名的。抬頭看到大門正上方有一塊“岳麓書院”匾，此匾為北宋第三位皇帝宋真宗趙恒所賜。所以此對聯(lián)涵蓋我們?nèi)寮医逃奶攸c(diǎn)，可以看得出我們書院主要傳播儒學(xué)。上聯(lián)安、利、勉出自《中庸》：或安而行之，或利而行之、或勉強(qiáng)而行之，及其成功，一也。抬頭我們可以看到上方有很多小方格，正中央是個桃形壽，叫做“團(tuán)圓壽”寓意福壽無邊無尾，綿延不絕，四周是蝙蝠，取其諧音遍地是福之意。我們大家左側(cè)這個“壽”是在我們清代乾隆年間書院所舉行的一個宴會上，來到我們書院的一個道人拿著地上掃把沾上地上黃泥兩筆寫成，大家可以看得出“壽”字筆力蒼勁，形似龍和蛇盤繞在一起，有藏龍之意。所以張栻?yàn)榱思o(jì)念朱熹曾前來講學(xué)，就在他們看日出的地方建立赫曦臺，朱熹題名。首先介紹我們現(xiàn)在所處的赫曦臺。當(dāng)然了，文廟后方的明倫堂是我們現(xiàn)在書院學(xué)生上課的教學(xué)場所，是不對游客開放的，大家可以參觀前面的大成殿和大成門，在我們26號照壁后面還有一個孔子行教像，是孔子誕辰2546年，香港孔教學(xué)院院長湯恩佳敬立在這里，大家都可以拍照參觀。在我們御書樓的后面，這里是屈子祠，屈子祠是祭祀屈原的專祠，這里環(huán)境比較優(yōu)美，大家可以到時候自己去欣賞那里的自然景色，在屈子祠側(cè)面，有條走廊，大家沿著走廊出去后門就是愛晚亭，大家也可以自己去參觀。首先我們現(xiàn)在所處的是2號赫曦臺的位置，剛剛我們經(jīng)過的是1號前門，前門是1986年為了便于書院管理所建。等會我們從后面再詳細(xì)介紹，大家跟我一起登上赫曦臺。“千年學(xué)府”四個字是集唐代湘籍書法家歐陽詢的字所書。and li, sometimes translated as rational principleOn the inner walls of the platform are two big Chinese characters “Fu” and “Shuo”, which mean “blessing” and “l(fā)ongevity” gate in front of us is the Main Gate, the gate was formerly built at the time of the Song Dynasty, and was then called “Central Gate”.The main gate underwent both destruction and reconstruction in the course of present structure was once thoroughly renovated in characters “Yuelu Academy” on the horizontal tablet were inscribed by Emperor Zhen Zong of the Song both door posts are couplets which read “The kingdom of Chu, unique home of the talents, The Academy of Yuelu, the very cradle of all ”This gate was the Second Gate, It was first built during the Ming underwent repairs and restoration many was pletely devastated during the AntiJapanese 1984, the gate was restored to its former is the Lecture Hall, where the students had lessons here, it was first built at the time of the Song Dynasty and was once named “Jing Yi Hall”.Now, it has a more elaborate name “The Hall of the Loyalty, Filiality Honesty and Integrity”, because on the inner walls of the hall are engraved four big Chinese Characters:“ loyalty, finicality, honesty and were handwriting by the great scholar, Zhuxi, who once lectured , such as the School Regulations, the Administrations and Way to Read were masterpieces of the masters of the the two horizontal tablets hanging on top were written:“Learn before you can probe the infiniteness of the universe.”“The doctrines taught here in the south are genuine Confucian doctrines.”They were inscribed by the emperor Kangxi and Qianlong respectively during the Qing building in front of us is the Yushu Library, “yushu” literally means “imperial books”, so Yushu Library ,built in in the early Song Dynasty, was a place to keep imperial were continuously sent here during the succeeding dynasties..It had been repaired and expanded many times, and now it has a collection of over twenty thousand Chinese building was rebuilt on its original site in two small pavilions Xi Quan and Ni Lan , built during the Song and Ming Dynasties, were restored to the right and left of the pound galleries in order to display cultural is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher ConfuciusHumanity is core in simple way to appreciate Confucian thought is to consider it as being based on varying levels of honesty, and a simple way to understand Confucian thought is to examine the world by using the logic of practice, the elements of Confucianism accumulated over is the classical Wuchang(五常)consisting of five elements: Ren(仁, Humanity), Yi(義, Righteousness), Li(禮, Ritualceremonialbehavior, and eventually referred also to the propriety or politeness), Zhi(智, Knowledge), Xin(信, Integrity), and there is also the classical Sizi(四字)with four elements: Zhong(忠, Loyalty), Xiao(孝, Filial piety), Jie(節(jié), Continency), Yi(義, Righteousness).There are still many other elements, such as Cheng(誠, honesty), Shu(恕, kindness and forgiveness), Lian(廉, honesty and cleanness), Chi(恥, shame, judge and sense of right and wrong), Yong(勇, bravery), Wen(溫, kind and gentle), Liang(良, good, kindhearted), Gong(恭, respectful, reverent), Jian(儉, frugal), Rang(讓, modestly, selfeffacing).Among all elements, Ren(Humanity)and Yi(Righteousness)are morality is interpreted as the phantom of Humanity and Righteousness.[3]Predecessor第五篇：岳麓書院講解詞岳麓書院講解詞（初稿）各位游客：大家好！歡迎各位來到千年學(xué)府，岳麓書院。大家都知道，金黃色是古代皇家專用的，民間不得使用，而文廟卻是個例外，其建筑級別也同宮殿，為最高級別的，享有皇家禮的待遇，這也說明了中國自古就是一個尊師重教和國家?，F(xiàn)在我們來到了文廟，文廟原稱孔廟，是專門供奉儒家圣人孔子的地方，文廟對于岳麓書院教育有著直接的影響，歷代都有嚴(yán)格的禮規(guī)，要求師生都要遵循圣人的言行行事，每月的初一、十五，山長要帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生一一朝拜，每年春秋兩季舉行兩次大的祭典活動，地方長官也得參加，場面極為壯觀?？上г?983年，御書樓及里面的所有藏書都被日本的飛機(jī)炸毀了，現(xiàn)存的建筑為1986年重建的。大