【正文】 the two angles are equal for a 90deg. Shaft angle.When gears are to be used to transmit motion between intersecting shaft, some of bevel gear is required. Although bevel gear are usually made for a shaft angle of 90 deg. They may be produced for almost any shaft angle. The teeth may be cast, milled, or generated. Only the generated teeth may be classed as accurate. In a typical bevel gear mounting, one of the gear is often mounted outboard of the bearing. This means that shaft deflection can be more pronounced and have a greater effect on the contact of teeth. Another difficulty, which occurs in predicting the stress in bevelgear teeth, is the fact the teeth are tapered. Straight bevel gears are easy to design and simple to manufacture and give very good results in service if they are mounted accurately and positively. As in the case of squr gears, however, they bee noisy at higher values of the pitchline velocity. In these cases it is often good design practice to go to the spiral bevel gear, which is the bevel counterpart of the helical gear. As in the case of helical gears, spiral bevel gears give a much smoother tooth action than straight bevel gears, and hence are useful where high speed are encountered. It is frequently desirable, as in the case of automotive differential applications, to have gearing similar to bevel gears but with the shaft offset. Such gears are called hypoid gears because their pitch surfaces are hyperboloids of revolution. The tooth action between such gears is a bination of rolling and sliding along a straight line and has much in mon with that of worm gears.A shaft is a rotating or stationary member, usually of circular cross section, having mounted upon it such elementsas gears, pulleys, flywheels, cranks, sprockets, and other powertransmission elements. Shaft may be subjected to bending, tension, pression, or torsional loads, acting singly or in bination with one another. When they are bined, one may expect to find both static and fatigue strength to be important design considerations, since a single shaft may be subjected to static stresses, pletely reversed, and repeated stresses, all acting at the same time.The word “shaft” covers numerous variations, such as axles and spindles. Anaxle is a shaft, wither stationary or rotating, nor subjected to torsion load. A shirt rotating shaft is often called a spindle.When either the lateral or the torsional deflection of a shaft must be held to close limits, the shaft must be sized on the basis of deflection before analyzing the stresses. The reason for this is that, if the shaft is made stiff enough so that the deflection is not too large, it is probable that the resulting stresses will be safe. But by no means should the designer assume that they are safe。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 李占權(quán)，李白寧，[J]. 煤礦機(jī)械,200011.[2] 王太晨 .，1995.[3] ，20097.[4] ，1996.[5] 孫桓，陳作模，（第七版）.高等教育出版社，20065.[6] [J].無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報，20053.[7] （第四版）.高等教育出版社，1997.[8] 劉海霞，王泉祥，2010.[9] 彭定，江熒，20065.[10] ，20079.[11] ，19996.[12] ：國防工業(yè)出版社，1994.外文翻譯英文原文：GEAR AND SHAFT INTRODUCTIONAbstract: The important position of the wheel gear and shaft cant falter in traditional machine and modern wheel gear and shafts mainly install the direction that delivers the dint at the principal axis passing to process to make them can is divided into many model numbers, useding for many situations we must be the multilayers to the understanding of the wheel gear and shaft in many ways .Key words: Wheel gear。致謝影響著每個學(xué)生的畢業(yè)，對我們極為重要的畢業(yè)設(shè)計終于完成了。在查閱了大量資料后，確定了此課題的主要設(shè)計依據(jù)和內(nèi)容。切削深度=（一次走刀切除）每齒進(jìn)給量 =切削速度 v =70m/min計算轉(zhuǎn)速 實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速 n = 190r/min實(shí)際切削速度 實(shí)際進(jìn)給速度 ：刀具D=100 ，YG6硬質(zhì)合金端銑刀切削深度=（一次走刀切除）每齒進(jìn)給量 =由于粗精銑共用一個進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)，所以所以實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速 切削速度 銑后端面采用X52K型立式銑床：銑削刀具的選擇，根據(jù)加工材料（HT200）和加工性質(zhì)（粗銑），選用YG6 硬質(zhì)合金端銑刀，再根據(jù)加工寬度取D=400mm，其z =28。綜上所述，各表面以及孔加工余量和工序尺寸如表442。,。根據(jù)“先面后孔”“先粗后精”的原則，應(yīng)把銑平面放在鏜孔鉆孔之前，特別是重要表面的粗加工，更應(yīng)該排在前面，以便及時發(fā)現(xiàn)原料缺陷和防止浪費(fèi)次要表面的加工工時。 定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇 粗基準(zhǔn)的選擇根據(jù)粗基準(zhǔn)的選擇原則（1）粗基準(zhǔn)的選擇必須要使表面有足夠且均勻的加工余量；（2）粗基準(zhǔn)在同一尺寸方向上只能用一次。HT200材料適合用鑄造獲得毛坯。它主要用于支承減速器間各軸，保持它們之間的正確的相對位置，以便于協(xié)調(diào)一致的工作。轉(zhuǎn)矩作用時的安全因數(shù) 式()式中——45鋼扭轉(zhuǎn)疲勞極限，由前知=155MPa ——切應(yīng)力幅, 查參考文獻(xiàn)得抗扭截面系數(shù)——平均切應(yīng)力，——扭剪有效應(yīng)力集中因數(shù)，按配合（H7/r6）查得=——表面質(zhì)量因數(shù)，軸徑車削加工，按參考文獻(xiàn)查得=——尺寸因數(shù)，按參考文獻(xiàn)查得 =——材料扭轉(zhuǎn)時的平均應(yīng)力折算因數(shù)，按參考文獻(xiàn)[2]=c. 截面D的疲勞強(qiáng)度安全因數(shù) 式()由參考文獻(xiàn)知, ，S該軸截面D的疲勞強(qiáng)度足夠。 按許用扭應(yīng)力初步估算軸徑根據(jù)參考文獻(xiàn)初步估算軸徑，材料為45 鋼取A=110，軸的輸出端直徑 式（）考慮裝連軸器端有鍵槽，軸徑應(yīng)增大4%～5%，取d=100mm 軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計圖32 齒輪軸各軸段示意圖如圖32所示，根據(jù)軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計原則，軸段①②之間應(yīng)有定位軸肩，軸段③④之間應(yīng)有裝配軸肩，④⑤及⑥⑦之間應(yīng)有定位軸肩，為配合軸承使用，今取=100mm（安裝連軸器）, =125mm, ==125mm(安裝滾動軸承), =149mm（齒輪軸段）， =125mm, =，初選型號為6008。代入?yún)⒖嘉墨I(xiàn)[1]公式（）計算內(nèi)齒輪e的輪齒彎曲應(yīng)力，即 式 ()可得，；取和。小齒輪g上的轉(zhuǎn)矩T1可按參考文獻(xiàn)[12]公式（）計算，即 式（）轉(zhuǎn)矩Tb可按參考文獻(xiàn)[12]公式（）求得，即 式（）按參考文獻(xiàn)[1]=，即則 代入公式（），可得g輪的齒根彎曲應(yīng)力為所以， 按參考文獻(xiàn)[12]公式（）計算內(nèi)齒輪b的齒根彎曲應(yīng)力，即 式（）因內(nèi)齒輪b 的齒型系數(shù)和應(yīng)力修正系數(shù)。帶入公式（），則得所以 再按參考文獻(xiàn)[12]公式（）計算大齒輪g 的齒輪彎曲應(yīng)力，即 式（）仿上，據(jù)，由參考文獻(xiàn)[12]圖71和參考文獻(xiàn)[12]圖72可查得，則由參考文獻(xiàn)[1]表77得，；同理，和。 工作齒寬，取b=220mm代入公式（）得再按參考文獻(xiàn)[12]公式（）計算小齒輪a 的許用彎曲應(yīng)力，即 式()由參考文獻(xiàn)[12]表77查得：?，F(xiàn)將該3K型傳動按照三個齒輪副ag、bg和ef分別驗(yàn)算如下： ag 齒輪副先按參考文獻(xiàn)[12]公式（）計算小齒輪a的齒輪彎曲應(yīng)力，即 式（）已求得小齒輪傳遞的轉(zhuǎn)矩 為 式（）載荷系數(shù)K可按參考文獻(xiàn)[12]公式（）求得: K=。