【正文】 for another thing, the plot of stage performance has to be performed before the audiences. As we all know, drama translation mainly involves director, translator, actors and audience. The translator has an important mission to make the director easy to direct and actor easy to perform. What is more important, a drama performance cannot be called an excellent one without audience?s intense response and acceptance. In this case, translator should take drama language into consideration and adopt suitable translation method and strategy to make the drama fully understood by the audience. 10 Chapter Three Analysis of Ying Ruocheng’s translation method and strategy of Teahouse In the former chapter, the author introduces the usage of Skopos theory to drama translation in detail. To sum up, adopting correct translation theory will make the whole translation more successful. Based on Skopos theory, the skopos of translation determines the translation strategy and method. With different perspective, translators may adopt different translation strategy and method. In Ying Ruocheng?s English version of Teahouse, his translation aims to translate for stage performance. This chapter analyses liberal translation method and domestication strategy from linguistic and cultural aspects to verify Ying Ruocheng?s performanceorientation in drama translation. Liberal translation from the linguistic perspective Liberal translation and literal translation are two fundamental translation methods in literature translation. In the article “Preface to the Retranslation of Emma”, Liu Zhongde writes, “If literal translation will not do, you should master the true meaning and spirit of original and render it properly in accordance with the characteristics of the two languages concerned, namely adopting free translation.”(Liu Zhongde, 1994:156) Generally speaking, Ying Ruocheng?s translation for stage performance, so he may employ liberal translation to make the translated play intelligible and convey his meaning to the audience. In the following paragraph, the author will gives some examples to introduce the liberal translation on word and sentence level. On word level Example 1: 王淑芬 : (看李三的辮子礙事 )三爺，咱們的茶館改了良，你的小辮也該剪了吧？ 11 （英若誠， 1999:60） Wang Shufen: [not happy about Li San?s pigtail] with our “reformed” teahouse, don?t you think it?s time you got rid of that pigtail. (英若誠 , 1999:61) From above we can see that Ying Ruocheng translates the Chinese word 礙事 into “not happy”. “Not happy” generally is a sign of frowning or shaking head. From Wang Shufen?s words, she intended to express her dissatisfaction with Li San. Audiences can sense the psychological activity of the character from his subtle action. While John HowardGibbon translates it into “get in the way”, it is obvious that it cannot efficiently get to the stage effect. Ying Ruocheng?s translation is inclined to use liberal translation, which gives hints to actors about how to perform on stage so as to make audience understood easily. Example 2: 劉麻子：（侍立）鄉(xiāng)下人，可長得俊呀！ … (英若誠， 1999:44) PockMark Liu: [Standing in attendance] A country girl, true, but what a peach! ... (英若誠， 1999:45) “Peach” generally refers to an attractive and beautiful young woman. HowardGibbon translates “長得俊 ” into “handsome”, which is word to word translation. While Ying Ruocheng takes full advantage of the word “peach” to describe the beautiful country girl. Thus, it is vivid and full of humor. Example 3: 王利發(fā) : 您這么有學(xué)問，上知天文，下知地理，又做過國會議員。 Skopos theory。一部戲到底如何，得在舞臺上看。翻譯者可以選擇可行的翻譯策略來達(dá)到 其翻譯目的。目的論指出翻譯是一種人類的行為活動(dòng)，而且是有目的的行為活動(dòng)。 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）作者（簽名）：齊愛營 2020 年 5 月 23 日 Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to my tutor, Mr. Li Feng, for his instructive advice and useful suggestions on my thesis. I am deeply grateful of his help in the pletion of this thesis. He has spent much time reading through each draft and provided me with inspiring advices. Without his patient instruction, insightful supervision and expert guidance, the pletion of this thesis would not have been possible. I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the professors in foreign languages institute, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis. I finally like to express my gratitude to my beloved parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting me without a plaint. The last but not the least, I owe much to my friends and roommates for their valuable suggestions and critiques which are of help and importance in making the thesis a reality. 摘 要 劇作家在獨(dú)自完成自己的創(chuàng)作后，其作品能長期地流傳下去，但戲劇演出卻是一次性的瞬間藝術(shù)。 唐山師范學(xué)院 學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 題目： 目的論視角下的戲劇翻譯 以英若誠《茶館》英譯本為例 作 者： 齊愛營 指導(dǎo)教師： 李豐 所在系部： 外語系 專 業(yè)： 英語 班 級： 2020級 完成時(shí)間： 2020 年 5 月 唐 山 師 范 學(xué) 院 On Drama Translation from Skopos Theory Perspective A Case Study of Ying Ruocheng’s Translation of Teahouse Qi Aiying A Graduation Thesis Submitted to Foreign Language Department of Tangshan Teachers University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of . Tutor: Li Feng Specialty: English Direction: Translation Tangshan, Hebei Province May, 2020 鄭重聲明 本人的畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）是在指導(dǎo)教