【正文】 74) in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrializationwith all the farreaching changes in social patterns that followedwas spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. 句子分析： 第一、句子可以拆分為三段： in the early industrialized countries of Europe / the process of industrializationwith all the farreaching changes in social patterns that followedwas spread over nearly a century, / whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. 第二、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)： 1)主干結(jié)構(gòu)是復(fù)合句 the process of industrialization...was spread over nearly a century, whereas...連詞 whereas 而 ，表示對(duì)比。 73) Owing to the remarkable development in massmunications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above. 句子分析： 第一 、句 子可 以拆 分為 五段 ： Owing to the remarkable development in massmunications, / people everywhere are feeling new wants / and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, / while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations / for the reasons given above. 第二、 句子的結(jié)構(gòu)： 1)主干結(jié)構(gòu)是：原因狀語(yǔ) Owing to..., people are feeling ... and are being..., while governments are often forced to...句子結(jié)構(gòu)中 while 是個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，表示對(duì)比關(guān)系，漢語(yǔ)意思是 而 。 2)兩個(gè) that 從句都是簡(jiǎn)單的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)句。 第三、詞的處理： Under modern conditions 在現(xiàn)代條件下 requires 需要 varying measures (程度 )不同的措施 centralized control 中央控制，中央調(diào)控 and hence 因此，從而 specialized scientists 專門科學(xué)家，專家 operational research experts 運(yùn)行研究專家，運(yùn)籌學(xué)家 完整的譯文： 71)在現(xiàn)代條件下，這需要程度不同的中央控制，從而就需要獲得諸如經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家和運(yùn)籌學(xué)家等領(lǐng)域?qū)＜业膮f(xié)助。s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly pelled to interfere in these sectors insgroupsto step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers。 第三、詞的處理： that 代詞作主語(yǔ)，指代上文前面“的” a breakthrough 突破，一定要譯出。 74) But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of manmachine integration: It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next ： 第一、句子可以拆分為三段： But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of manmachine integration: /It will be the beginning of the long process of integration / that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century. 第二、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)： 1)主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 that..., is only the start of...系表結(jié)構(gòu) 2) beginning后面有多重定語(yǔ)：兩個(gè) of 短語(yǔ)和一個(gè) that will ultimately lead to 定語(yǔ) 從句。 2)calendar 后面的 that...是定語(yǔ)從句。 第三、詞的處理： television chat shows hosted by robots 由機(jī)器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目，重點(diǎn)詞 hosted 主持 cars with pollution monitors 裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車 disable them 使汽車失靈 (停止運(yùn)行 )them 和 they 指代汽車 offend 多義詞 (汽車 )污染超標(biāo)，違規(guī) 完整的譯文： 71)屆時(shí)，將出現(xiàn)由機(jī)器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目以及裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標(biāo) (違規(guī) )，監(jiān)控器就會(huì)使其停駛。 time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain39。 第三、詞的處理： They 它們 (自由與尊嚴(yán) )，代詞做主語(yǔ) possessions 所有物 autonomous (selfgoverning) 自主行為的；自我管理的；自我約束的 practices 實(shí)踐活動(dòng) is held responsible for 對(duì)??負(fù)責(zé) given credit for 認(rèn)可；贊譽(yù)；給予肯定 完整的譯文： 64)自由和尊嚴(yán) (它們 )是傳統(tǒng)理論定義 的自主人所擁有的，是要求一個(gè)人對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因其業(yè)績(jī)而給予肯定的必不可少的前提。 64) They are the possessions of the autonomous (selfgoverning) man of traditional theory, and they39。第三、詞的處理： continues to trace behavior to 繼續(xù)針對(duì)??研究行為 behavioral science 行為科學(xué) states of mind 心態(tài)，意識(shí)狀態(tài) feelings 感情 traits of character 性格特點(diǎn) 完整的譯文： 61)難題之一在于所謂的行為科學(xué)幾乎全都依然從心態(tài)、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去尋找行為的根源。它使大量的具體研究和認(rèn)識(shí)成為可能。 第三、詞的處理： Tylor 人名，按照音譯 defined culture as 將文化定義為 that plex whole 一個(gè)復(fù)合體 belief 信仰 morals 道德 man as a member of society 人作為社會(huì)成員 完整的譯文： 64)泰勒把文化定義為“一個(gè)復(fù)合體”，它包括人作為社會(huì)成員所獲得的信仰、藝術(shù)、道德、法律、風(fēng)俗以及其它能力和習(xí)慣。 考點(diǎn)總結(jié)： 1)帶有多重修飾成分的簡(jiǎn)單句； 2)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)； 3)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 4)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。 考點(diǎn)總結(jié)： 1)定語(yǔ)從句； 2)方式狀語(yǔ)； 3)多重并列定語(yǔ)。 第三、詞的處理： modify the environment in which they live 改變 他們的生存環(huán)境 subjecting all other life forms to 讓所有其它形態(tài)的生命服從?? 完整的譯文： 61)而且，人類還有能力改變自己的生存環(huán)境，從而使所有其它形態(tài)的生命服從人類自己獨(dú)特的想法和想像。2020 年考研英語(yǔ)試卷英漢翻譯真題解析 2020/04/01 17:33 聚焦考研 2020 年英譯漢試題 Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segmentssintosChinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity. 61) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this pla Earth. Anthropology derives from the Greek words anthropos human and logos the study of. By its very name, anthropology enpasses the study of all humankind. Anthropology is one of the social sciences. 62) Social science is that branch of int