【正文】 以省略或被其他詞代替；而同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞一般不能省略，： The news that she heard is trueThe news that she will go abroad is true（3）由when, why, where引導(dǎo)的定語從句分別修飾或說明表示時間、原因或地點的詞，但 它們引導(dǎo)的同位語從句一般不和表示時間或地點的詞同位如：I still remember the day when I first came to have no idea when she will be back.第四篇：定語從句學(xué)案定語從句匯總講解學(xué)案◆英語諺語欣賞 who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a goodfor –，’s the first step that ，始于足下 that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the ，遲早要喂狼.Ⅰ.概念：(1)定語從句：在主從復(fù)合句中用作定語的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊接在先行詞(antecedent)后面。(2)先行詞：被定語從句修飾的成份。先行詞可以為一個詞，短語，或整個主句。(3)引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞的作用：1)引導(dǎo)定語從句，連接主句和從句，相當(dāng)于一個連詞；2)必在從句中作某個句子成份（可以做主語，賓語，表語，定語，狀語）常用的關(guān)系代詞: that、which、who、whom、whose、as、but(文語, 置于否定詞之后=that/who?not?, “沒有??不??”, 在從句中作主語，賓語)常用的關(guān)系副詞（在從句中只作狀語）: when、why、whereThe student who answered the question was know the reason why he was so boy(whom)you are talking to is my 39。d like a room whose window looks out over the ：第一找出先行詞；第二看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀語）；第三選擇合適的關(guān)系詞。Ⅱ幾個關(guān)系代詞的基本用法：●that: 可指人或物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語。(指人時，相當(dāng)于who或 whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which)(一般不用于非限制性定語從句。不可置于介詞后作賓語)如： letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read.(主語) you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now? can take anything(that)you like.（賓語） is the question(that/which)they are talking about? is the man(who/whom/that)you want to 39。s no longer the girl(that)she used to be before.（表語） hometown is no longer the one(that)it used to be.= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。= Our hometown is not what it used to be.●which:指物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語，定語。如： book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主語） book(which/that)I bought yesterday is very interesting.（賓語） factory in which his father works is far from was proud, which his brother never was.（表語） spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定語） may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.●who, whom, whose: who:主格, 在從句中作主語，在口語或非正式用法中作賓語。只可指人 whom: 賓格，在從句中作賓語。只可指人 whose: 屬格，在從句中作定語，可指人也可指物。I like the students who/that work hard.（主語）All who heard the story were amazed.(代詞如he, they, any, those, all, one 等后多用who.)Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor.（賓語）He39。s a man from whom we should learn.= He39。s a man(whom/who/that)we should learn ：He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your is the student who you think is worth child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（指人）I39。d like a room whose window faces south.（指物）=I39。d like a room of which the window faces south.=I39。d like a room the window of which faces is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to e關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語:關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作介詞賓語時，介詞可放于從句之首，.（介詞前置，必須注意不影響動詞詞組的含義。關(guān)系代詞who 和 that 用作介詞賓語時, 介詞必須放在句末.）This is the book for which you asked.=This is the book(that/which)you asked you know the person with whom I shook hands？= Do you know the person(whom/who/that)I shook hands with? The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could pare until our information the dark street, there wasn39。t a single person to whom she could turn for this the factory to which you paid a visit last week? Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week? This is the girl whom they are looking after.(介詞after與look構(gòu)成固定詞組，不可前置。look at, look for, look after, take care of等)●as 的用法:(as 引導(dǎo)定語從句, 在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語)①如為限制性的，多用于the same ?as。the same as；such ?as ?。as many/much as；so ?as等結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：※I have the same book as you(have).我有一本和你的一樣的書。Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been.(關(guān)系代詞as指示代詞same連用, 在從句中用作表語, 先行詞是same.)※.Why didn39。t you mention that in face of the police just now?I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own 39。t do such things as you are not sure is no such place as you dream of in all this ：I live in the same house that he used to live 39。m wearing the same shirt as you wore ：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.（定語從句）Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（結(jié)果狀語從句）②如為非限制性的，多單獨引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，這種定語從句可置于句首，句中或句尾，譯為“正如，這一點”。（動詞常為know, see, expect, point out, etc.）※As we all know, smoking is harmful to one39。s health.(as 作賓語)=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one39。s health.（as 作主語）=It39。s known to all that smoking is harmful to one39。s health.=Smoking is harmful to one39。s health , as we all know.（as 作賓語）=Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one39。 health.※He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.(賓語, 先行詞是前面整個句子)Ⅲ.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句:●When 指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。其先行詞是表時間的名詞（如： time, day, week, tear, month, etc.）He came last night when I was will put off the piic until next week, when the weather would be ：先行詞為“時間名詞”，可用when引導(dǎo)定語從句，when在定語從句中作狀語；還可以用which或that 引導(dǎo)，which或that在從句中作主語或賓語。比較: I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作狀語）Next month, when you will be in your hometown, is just around the still remember the days which/that we spent together.（作賓語）Next winter which/that you39。ll spend in Harbin, I39。m sure, will be shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou Ⅴ was launched, which has a great effect on my are occasions when joking is not permissible.●Where 指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。其先行詞是表示地點的名詞，如：place, school, factory, room, is the place where I was live in the room where /in which he used to ：先行詞是“地點名詞”，定語從句可用where引導(dǎo)，還可用which或that導(dǎo)which/that 在從句中作主語或賓語。比較:※This is the factory where /in which he worked last year.（作狀語）The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and think you have got to the point where a change is needed, or you would reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations where English is 39。s got himself into a dangerous situation where he39。s likely to lose control of the small mountain village where we spent our holid