【導(dǎo)讀】練習(xí)：1.你能區(qū)別這兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的不同嗎？亦可以用于比喻。onthe～ofmadness:到了幾乎要發(fā)瘋的。boundary:用來(lái)指較小的單位如農(nóng)場(chǎng)、城鎮(zhèn)、社區(qū)、縣之間的界線。指“通訊交往”。指馬路上車輛、行人的流動(dòng)。指把人或物從一處載到另一處。

　　

【正文】 street? S:A road with sidewalks in a city or town. T: what is an avenue? S:A wide road lined with trees on each side. T: What is called a way? S:A passage from one place to another. Step 4 Read ing students to focus on the flow chart in Part B. Then answer the following questions: Answers 1) are said。 link up 2)accelerate。 growth 3)led to development 4) in honour of 5)Having been trapped S: Lanes or paths. S:Motorways in Britain, freeways or expressways in the USA. S: Roads that go over other roads. S: Roads that go through a tunnel. S: An intersection or a junction. S: It is one where people need to pay to use the road. S: Spaghetti is a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin sticks. The work of roads near Birmingham is made has ever traveled by light railway or underground? What was it like? Do you like traveling by light railway or underground? Why or why not? you ever traveled by coach/ by aeroplane/ by ferry/ by ship? How do you like it? you are traveling to Nanjing, what means of transport will you choose? you want to go London, which means is the best choice? II. Read the passage in Part C and plete the introduction with the words you’ve learnt in Parts A and B. Several minutes later, check the answers. Step5 Practise Complete the sentences with proper words or phrases in the box below. Changes the form where necessary. Motorboat expressway book a ticket oneway ticket return ticket light railway passport conductor read a timetable toll road 1)Americans usually say“___”,but British people say “motorways”. 2)It is so exciting to drive a ____________ on the lake. 3)He is a kind ____and he always gives his passengers help in time. 4)Many people are eager to go to the concert, so you’d better ____. 5)Annie is going to Shanghai to visit her uncle and she’ll stay there for three weeks. So she just bought a ____________. 6)Many years ago, when people were traveling on the underground, they could never imagine there would be ____________. 7)It’s a ____________. You need to pay some money to pass. 8)Many refugees( 難民 ) have arrived at the border without ______. 9)If you want to be back tomorrow, I think you need to buy a_____. 10)Since you don’t know when the next train arrives, why not __? Step6: Homework: 1. Parts B1 and B2 on page 127 of the Workbook. 2. Prepare the Part Grammar and Usage. up of many intersections and flyovers, which looks like strings of spaghetti. Answers (1) transport (2) transport (3) main (4)motorways (5) lanes (6) paths (7) flyovers (8)land (9)sea (10) aeroplanes (11) helicopters (12) ship (13) ferry (14)land(15)motorboat 課 題 B7 Unit4 課時(shí) 97 Grammar 主備人 王玲 授 課 時(shí) 間 ． 教 學(xué) 目 標(biāo) 1. To help the students review and master the usage of ving and ved forms functioning as adjectives and adverbs. 2. To help them to learn the usage of the passive, perfect and negative forms of ving and ved forms. 教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn) Master the differences between verbing and verbed forms,“doing” and “having done” and “doing” and “to do”. 教、 學(xué) 具 A projector, slides 預(yù) 習(xí) 要 求 Recall their memory and review the functions of ving and ved forms 教師活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、方式 學(xué)生活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、方式 旁注 Step 1: Revision Step 2 Explanation As adjectives: ving形式作定語(yǔ) 1. 單個(gè)的 ving 形式可以作前置定語(yǔ)， 表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，接近一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。 ving形式如是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面。 They lived in a house facing south. 他們住在一所朝南的房子里。 ved 形式作定語(yǔ) 1. 單個(gè)動(dòng)詞 ed 形式作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之前作前置定語(yǔ)。 A watched pot never boils. 心急鍋不開(kāi)。 ved 形式一般都作后置定語(yǔ)，在語(yǔ)法上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。 novels written by this author. (= that are written by this author) ving 和 ved 形式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別 1．及物動(dòng)詞的 ing形式作定語(yǔ)表示與被修飾名詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，及物動(dòng)詞的 ed 形式表示與被 修飾名詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 The group called Green Hand /The group calling itself Green Hand 2．不及物動(dòng)詞 ing形式表示動(dòng)詞正在進(jìn)行，而 ved 形式表示動(dòng)作已完成 . boiling water 正沸騰的水 boiled water 開(kāi)水 不及物動(dòng)詞－ ed形式只表示完成的意義，并不帶有被動(dòng)的含義。 a retired worker = a worker who has retired 退休工人 As adverbs ving形式作狀語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞 ing 形式可以作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞，其動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者與句子主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)一致。動(dòng)詞 ing 形式作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常位于句末。 1 表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 2 表示原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 Being ill, he didn39。t go to school yesterday. (= Since he was ill...) 3 表示結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)。 His father died, leaving him a lot of money.(= and left him ...) 4 表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 5 表示讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= Although they knew... 6 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky.=...and stared ... ved 形式作狀語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞 ed形式作狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞 ing形式作狀語(yǔ)一樣，也可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。但其動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者與句子主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)一致 .1 動(dòng)詞 ed 形式作狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 .Seen from the tower, the city looks beautiful. (= When the city is seen from the tower...) a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody developing countries = countries that are developing 提 示 如要表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，單個(gè)動(dòng)詞 ed形式也可作后置定語(yǔ)。 Money spent is more than money earned. 入不敷出。 changed condition 改變了的情況 changing condition 變化著的情況 developingcountries 發(fā)展中國(guó)家 developed countries 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination. (= After we have made full preparations...) Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed. =If you work hard at your lessons... Heated, water changes into steam. (= If water is heated...) 有時(shí)動(dòng)詞 ed 形式前可加連詞 when, while 等來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。 When asked wh