【導(dǎo)讀】而實(shí)驗(yàn)課是自動控制原理整個教學(xué)過程中不可缺少的重要組成部分。開發(fā)出適用于使用的接口界面。本文就是介紹了在MATALB軟件環(huán)境下開發(fā)出的。它利用MATLAB語言的界面設(shè)計功能及其提供的控。析,并說明了本軟件的特點(diǎn)、功能和效果。結(jié)果證明該軟件系統(tǒng)可以取代傳統(tǒng)模。以及自動控制學(xué)科專業(yè)知識，從而提高學(xué)生分析和解決實(shí)際問題的能力。

　　

【正文】 求。大大減少實(shí)驗(yàn)室的投入，降低辦學(xué)成本。同時，還可以便于學(xué)生自學(xué)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自學(xué)能力和創(chuàng)新能力。 要真正實(shí)現(xiàn)基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程實(shí)驗(yàn)、仿真、數(shù)據(jù)分析等，非常困難。必須對那些仿真軟件平臺進(jìn)行研究分析和大量的二次開發(fā)工作， 包括遠(yuǎn)程實(shí)驗(yàn)、仿真平臺的理論研究、平臺的搭建、數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸、數(shù)據(jù)的安全、數(shù)據(jù)的共享、實(shí)驗(yàn)在線監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)、學(xué)生實(shí)驗(yàn)情況的專家知識庫、利用知識庫提供在線操作指導(dǎo)等等。這正是該項(xiàng)目的難點(diǎn)，也是我們繼續(xù)要開發(fā)研究的。 37 參 考 文 獻(xiàn) [1] 張志涌編著 . 精通 版 . 北京 :北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社 . 2020 [2] 魏克新等編著 . MATLAB 語言與自動控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 . 北京 :機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 .1997 [3] 施陽等編著 MATLAB 語言精要及動態(tài)仿真工具 SIMULINK 西安 西 北工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社 1997 [4] 胡壽松 自動控制原理 北京 國防工業(yè)出版社 1980 [5] 龐國仲 編著 自動控制原理（修訂版） 合肥 中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)出版社 1998 [6] 薛定宇 反饋控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與分析 MATLAB 語言應(yīng)用 北京 清華大學(xué)出版社 1998 [7] 鄭君里 信號與系統(tǒng) 北京 高等教育出版社 2000 [8] 施曉紅等編著 精通 GUI 圖形界面編程 北京 北京大學(xué)出版社 2020 [9] 魏巍 編著 控制工程工具箱技術(shù) 北京 國防工業(yè)出版社 2020 [9] 陳懷琛等 編著 MATLAB 及在電子信息課程中的應(yīng)用 北京 電子工業(yè)出版社 2000 [10] 樓順天等 基于 MATLAB 的系統(tǒng)分析與設(shè)計 工程師軟件應(yīng)用系列 西安 西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社 1998 [11] 吳大正 信號與線形系統(tǒng)分析 西安 西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社 1998 [12] MATLAB User′ s Mathworks Inc,1998 [13] C L Phillips,R D control Cliffs,:Prentice 38 致 謝 在這里我要感謝所有曾經(jīng)寄予我關(guān)心和幫助的人，這篇論文的完成和他們中的任何一位都是分不開的。 首先，我要向我的指導(dǎo)老師致以由衷的感謝和誠摯的敬意，他的指導(dǎo)為我們提供了設(shè)計的主題思想，在編程過程中，他在自己的繁忙工作之余指導(dǎo)我們，檢查并排除了我們設(shè)計過程中的諸多漏洞。無論是軟件的使用，還是理論的運(yùn)用，我都有很大的收獲。在論文的編寫過程中，他給我提出寶貴的意見，并且給與細(xì)致的指導(dǎo)。最重要的是指導(dǎo)老師 教會我們許多分析 、解決問題的方法，這在書本中無法學(xué)到的，他的 教誨培養(yǎng)了我科學(xué)的思維方法和一絲不茍的治學(xué)態(tài)度，淵博的學(xué)識更使我受益匪淺。 其次，我要感謝的是我的同伴 —— 陶睿同學(xué)，本系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計由我們共同完成。在整個設(shè)計過程中，我們配合的非常默契，共同克服困難，出謀劃策。正是由于我們的努力，整個設(shè)計才能進(jìn)行的那么順利。 同時我要感謝機(jī)房的李老師，他每天按時地為我們開機(jī)房的門，為我們提供了很好的上機(jī)環(huán)境。同時 也給與我們很多幫助。 再次，我要感謝大學(xué)四年所有教過我的老師和我們的輔導(dǎo)員，感謝他們四年來對我的教誨和幫助。還要感 謝我們 03 電氣所有的同學(xué)，正是可愛的你們，我的大學(xué)生活才如此的豐富多彩！ 最后要感謝的，是 我的家人，同時將這篇論文送給他們。感謝他們 生活上給我的支持和照顧，在學(xué)習(xí)上給我的關(guān)心和鼓勵，我才能安心，順利的完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)。 39 附錄 一 英文科技文獻(xiàn)翻譯 英文原文 ： Linearized Dynamic Models EXAMPLES AND CLASSIFICATIONS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS Control systems exist in a virtually infinite, both in type of application and level of sophistication. The heating system and the water heater in a house are systems in which only the sign of the difference between desired and actual temperatures is used for control. If the temperature drops below a set value, a constant heat is switched on, to be switched off again when the temperature rises above a set maximum. Variations of such relay or onoff control systems, sometimes quite sophisticated, are very mon in practice because of their relatively low cost. In the nature of such control systems, the controlled variable will oscillate continuously between maximum and minimum limits. For many applications the control is not sufficiently smooth or accurate. In the Power steering of a car, the controlled variable or system output is the angle of the front wheels, it must follow the system input, the angle of the steering wheel, as closely as possible but at a much higher Power level. In the Process industries, including refineries and chemical plants, there are many temperatures and level to be held to usually constant values in the presence of various disturbance. of an electric power generation Plant, controlled values of voltage and frequency are outputs, but inside such a plant there are again many temperatures, levels, pressures, and, other variables to be controlled. In aerospace, the control of aircraft, missiles, and satellites is an area of often very advanced system. One Classification of control systems Is the following: 1. Process control or regulator systems: The controlled variable, or output, must be held as close as possible to a usually constant desired value, or input, despite any disturbances. 2. Servomechanisms: The input varies and the output must be made to follow it as closely as possible. Power steering is One example of the second class, equivalent to systems for positioning control surfaces on aircraft. Automated manufacturing machinery, such as numerically controlled machine tools, uses servos extensively for the control of positions or speeds. This last example brings to mind the distinction between continuous and discrete systems. The latter are inherent in the use of digital puters for control. The classification into linear nonlinear control systems should also be mentioned at this point. Analysis and design are in general much simpler for the former, to which most of this book is devoted. Yet most systems bee nonlinear if the variables more over wide enough ranges. The importance in practice of linear techniques relies on linearization based on the assumption that the variables stay close enough to a given operating point. OPENLOOP CONTROL AND CLOSEDLOOP CONTROL To introduce the subject, it is useful to consider an example. In , let it be desired to maintain the actual water level in the tank as close as possible to a desired level. The desired level will be called the system input, and the actual level the controlled or system output. Water flows from the tank via valve Vo and enters the 40 tank a supply via a control valve Vc. The control valve is adjustable, either manually or by some type of actuator. This may be an electric motor or a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. Very often it would be pneumatic diaphragm actuator, indicated in Fig 2. Increasing the pneumatic pressure above the diaphragm pushes it down against a spring and increases valve opening. In this form of Control, the valve is adjusted t0 make output c equal to input r, but not, readjusted continually to keep the two equal. Open loop control, with certain safeguards added is very mon, for example, in the context of sequence control, that is, guiding a process through a sequence of predetermined steps. However, for systems such as the one at hand, this form of control will normally not yield high performance. A difference between input and output, a system error e = rc would be expected to develop, due to two major effect: 1. Disturbances acting on the system 2. Parameter variation of the system These are prime motivation