【正文】 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control l過程處于統(tǒng)計穩(wěn)定狀態(tài) l過程的各測量值服從正態(tài)分布 l工程及其他規(guī)范準(zhǔn)確代表顧客的需求 l設(shè)計目標(biāo)值位于規(guī)范的中心 l測量變差相對較小 過程能力解釋 93 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 94 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 95 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 96 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 97 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 98 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 99 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control l評價過程能力的基本目標(biāo)是對過程的性能進(jìn)行持續(xù)改進(jìn) l通過減少普通原因引起的變差或?qū)⑦^程均值調(diào)整到接近目標(biāo)值的方法來改進(jìn)過程能力，通常哪個意味著采取管理措施來改進(jìn)系統(tǒng)。 臨時性措施： l對輸出進(jìn)行篩選，根據(jù)需要進(jìn)行報廢或返工處置 l改變規(guī)范使之與過程性能一致。 Note：以上方法與過程改進(jìn)相比顯然是下策。 評價過程能力 100 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 101 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 計數(shù)型數(shù)據(jù)控制圖 102 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 103 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 應(yīng)用控制圖的準(zhǔn)備工作 104 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 105 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 106 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 107 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 108 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 109 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 計算控制限 110 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 111 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control Note：在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中當(dāng)個子組容量與其平均值相差不超過正負(fù)25%，可用平均樣本容量（ n）來計算控制限。 112 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control Ｐ 圖 分析　　 U C L P L C L113 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 114 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control ａ．超出任一控制限 超出上控制限 控制限或描點(diǎn)錯誤； 過程性能惡化，在當(dāng)時那點(diǎn)或作為一種趨勢的一部分； 評價系統(tǒng)已改變（例如：檢驗(yàn)員、量規(guī)）。 底于控制限的點(diǎn) 控制限或描點(diǎn)錯誤； 過程性能已改進(jìn)（為了改進(jìn)，應(yīng)研究這種情況且長期保持）； 測量系統(tǒng)已改變。底于控制限的點(diǎn) 115 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 116 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control ｂ．鏈現(xiàn)象 連續(xù)７點(diǎn)位于均值的一側(cè)； 連續(xù)７點(diǎn)上升（后者與前者相等或比前者大）或連續(xù)地下降。 117 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control 高于均值的長鏈或連續(xù)上升的點(diǎn) 過程的性能已惡化－而且可能還在惡化； 評價系統(tǒng)已改變。 低于均值的長鏈或連續(xù)下降 過程性能已改進(jìn)（應(yīng)研究其原因，并將它固定下來）； 評價系統(tǒng)已改變。 118 Copy right reserved by T220。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Stati