【正文】 who havestudied the human nervous system(D) continuous passage of nerve impulses throughthe nervous system(E) recurrent questioning by scientists of anaccepted explanation about the nervoussystem7cannot account for the diversity of mentalexperience(B) variation in spatiotemporal patterning of nerveimpulses correlates with variation insubjective experience(C) nerve impulses are essentially homogeneousand are relatively unaffected as they travelthrough the nervous system(D) the mental experiences produced by sensorynerve impulses are determined by thecortical area activated(E) variation in neuron types affects the quality ofnerve impulses3. Which of the following best summarizes theauthor‘s opinion of the suggestion that differentareas of the brain determine perceptions producedby sensory nerve impulses?(A) It is a plausible explanation, but it has not beenpletely proved.(B) It is the best explanation of brain processescurrently available.(C) It is disproved by the fact that the various areasof the brain are physiologically very similar.(D) There is some evidence to support it, but it failsto explain the diversity of mental experience.(E) There is experimental evidence that confirms itscorrectness.A Marxist sociologist has argued that racism stemsfrom the class struggle that is unique to the capitalistsystem—that racial prejudice is generated by capitalistsLine as a means of controlling workers. His thesis works4. The passage supplies information that wouldanswer which of the following questions EXCEPT?A What conditions caused the discrimination51015relatively well when applied to discrimination againstBlacks in the United States, but his definition of racialprejudice as ―raciallybased negative prejudgmentsagainst a group generally accepted as a race in anygiven region of ethnic petition,‖ can be interpretedas also including hostility toward such ethnic groups asthe Chinese in California and the Jews in medievalEurope. However, since prejudice against these latterpeoples was not inspired by capitalists, he has to reasonthat such antagonisms were not really based on race.He disposes thusly (albeit unconvincingly) of both theintolerance faced by Jews before the rise of capitalismand the early twentiethcentury discrimination againstOriental people in California, which, inconveniently,was instigated by workers.8against Oriental people in California in theearly twentieth century?B What evidence did the Marxist sociologistprovide to support his thesis?C What explanation did the Marxist sociologistgive for the existence of racial prejudice?5. According to the passage, the Marxist sociologist‘schain of reasoning required him to assert thatprejudice toward Oriental people in California was(A) directed primarily against the Chinese(B) similar in origin to prejudice against the Jews(C) understood by Oriental people as ethnicpetition(D) provoked by workers(E) nonracial in characterIt would be wonderful to observe a singularity (aninfinitely dense concentration of matter) andobtain direct evidence of the undoubtedly bizarrephenomena that occur near one. Unfortunately, inmost cases a distant observer cannot see thesingularity。 outgoing light rays are dragged back bygravity so forcefully that even if they could start outwithin a few kilometers of the singularity, they would endup in the singularity itself.96. Which of the following sentences would mostprobably follow the last sentence of the passage?(A) Thus, a physicist interested in studyingphenomena near singularities wouldnecessarily hope to find a singularitywith a measurable gravitational field.(B) Accordingly, physicists to date havebeen unable to observe directly anysingularity.(C) It is specifically this startling phenomenonthat has allowed us to codify the scantinformation currently available aboutsingularities.(D) Moreover, the existence of this extraordinary phenomenon is implied in theextensive reports of several physicists.(E) Although unanticipated, phenomena suchas these are consistent with the structureof a singularity.The evolution of intelligence among early largemammals of the grasslands was due in great measure tothe interaction between two ecologically synchronizedLine groups of these animals, the hunting carnivores and theUsing past events as a framework, the large mammalpredator is working out a relationship between50 movement and food, sensitive to possibilities in coldtrails and distant sounds—and yesterday‘s unforgotten5101520herbivores that they hunted. The interaction resultingfrom the differences between predator and prey led to ageneral improvement in brain functions。 however, certainponents of intelligence were improved far more thanothers.The kind of intelligence favored by the interplay ofincreasingly smarter catchers and increasingly keenerescapers is defined by attention—that aspect of mindcarrying consciousness forward from one moment to thenext. It ranges from a passive, freefloating awareness toa highly focused, active fixation. The range through thesestates is mediated by the arousal system, a network oftracts converging from sensory systems to integratingcenters in the bra