【正文】 line with Democrats, generally supporting a more progressive tax structure to provide more services and reduce injustice and as well as more government spending on social services.[64]News media and coverageBET founder Robert L. Johnson with former . President George W. Bush.News media coverage of African American news, concerns or dilemmas is inadequate, some activists and academics contend.[65][66][67] Activists also contend that the news media present distorted images of African Americans.[68] To bat this African Americans founded their own television networks. Black Entertainment Television, founded by Robert L. Johnson is a network that targets young African Americans and urban audiences in the United States.Most programming on the network consists of rap and Ramp。B music videos and urbanoriented movies and series. Additionally, the channel shows syndicated television series, original programs, and some public affairs programs. On Sunday mornings, BET broadcasts a lineup of networkproduced Christian programming。 other, nonaffiliated Christian programs are also shown during the early morning hours daily. BET is now a global network that reaches 85 million viewers in the Caribbean, Canada, and the United Kingdom.[69]In addition to BET there is Centric, which is a spinoff cable television channel of BET, created originally as BET on Jazz to showcase jazz musicrelated programming, especially that of black jazz musicians. Programming since has been expanded to include a block of urban programs as well as some Ramp。B, neo soul, and alternative hip hop, with the focus on jazz reduced to lowprofile hours.[70]TV One is another African Americanoriented network and a direct petitor to BET. It targets African American adults with a broad range of programming. The network airs original lifestyle and entertainmentoriented shows, movies, fashion and music programming, as well as classic series such as 227, Good Times, Martin, Boston Public and It39。s Showtime at the Apollo. The network primarily owned by Radio One. Radio One, Inc., founded and controlled by Catherine Hughes, it is one of the nation39。s largest radio broadcasting panies and the largest African Americanowned radio broadcasting pany in the United States.[71]Other African American networks scheduled to launch in 2009 are the Black Television News Channel founded by former Congressman J. C. Watts and Better Black Television founded by Percy Miller.[72][73] In June 2009, NBC News launched a new website named The Grio[74] in partnership with the production team that created the black documentary film, Meeting David Wilson. It is the first African American video news site which focuses on underrepresented stories in existing national news. The Grio consists of a broad spectrum of original video packages, news articles, and contributor blogs on topics including breaking news, politics, health, business, entertainment and Black History.[75]EducationMain article: Education outes in the United States by race and other classificationsCharles F. Bolden, Jr. is the current Administrator of NASABy 2000, African Americans had advanced greatly. They still lagged overall in education attainment pared to white or Asian Americans, with 14 percent with four year and 5 percent with advanced degrees, though it was higher than for other minorities.[76] African Americans attend college at about half the rate of whites, but at a greater rate than Americans of Hispanic origin. More African American women attend and plete college than men. Black schools for kindergarten through twelfth grade students were mon throughout the ., and a pattern towards resegregation is currently occurring across the country.[77]Historically black colleges and universities remain today which were originally set up when segregated colleges did not admit African Americans. As late as 1947, about one third of African Americans over 65 were considered to lack the literacy to read and write their own names. By 1969, illiteracy as it had been traditionally defined, had been largely eradicated among younger African Americans.[78]US Census surveys showed that by 1998, 89 percent of African Americans aged 25 to 29 had pleted high school, less than whites or Asians, but more than Hispanics. On many college entrance, standardized tests and grades, African Americans have historically lagged behind whites, but some studies suggest that the achievement gap has been closing. Many policy makers have proposed that this gap can and will be eliminated through policies such as affirmative action, desegregation, and multiculturalism.[79]In Chicago, Marva Collins, an African American educator, created a low cost private school specifically for the purpose of teaching lowine African American children whom the public school system had labeled as being learning disabled.[80] One article about Marva Collins39。 school stated,Working with students having the worst of backgrounds, those who were working far below grade level, and even those who had been labeled as 39。unteachable,39。 Marva was able to overe the obstacles. News of third grade students reading at ninth grade level, fouryearolds learning to read in only a few months, outstanding test scores, disappearance of behavioral problems, secondgraders studying Shakespeare, and other incredible reports, astounded the public.[81]During the 2006–2007 school year, Collins39。 school charged $5,500 for tuition, and parents said that the school did a much better job than the Chicago public school system.[82] Meanwhile, during the 2007–2008 year, Chicago public school officials claimed that their budget of $11,300 per student was not enough.[83]Economic statusOprah Winfrey, the wealthiest African American of the 20th century.[84][85][86] A pair of economists estimate that Winfrey39。s endorsement of Barack Obama delivered one million votes for him in the close 2008 Democratic primaries.[87]Economically, African Americans have benefited fro