石油工程專業(yè)英語下重點翻譯完整版-資料下載頁
2025-08-11 06:27本頁面
【正文】 ction into the formation is carried out so that the pressures achieved during the treatment do not exceed the fracture pressure of the ，是最普通的基巖激勵的措施，通常根據(jù)地層巖石種類和酸的種類分類。任何酸化措施，不管是地層種類或酸類的酸化措施，都是通過自然存在于巖石中的流動通道來執(zhí)行的。酸液注入地層中執(zhí)行因此在這個措施中獲得的壓力不超過地層裂縫破裂壓力。Matrix acidizing in sandstone reservoirs removes nearwellbore skin damage caused by drilling, pletions, fines migration, or clay swelling. Small concentrations of HCLHF acid react within 1 to 6 in. of the wellbore to dissolve damaging materials within the rock ，完井，顆粒運移，或粘土膨脹引起的表皮傷害。低濃度的鹽酸氫氟酸在一到六英寸的井筒內反應，溶解破壞巖石基質中材料。Diversion methods help place the acid effectively in the formation, while reducing injection into clean zones. Both chemical and mechanical diversion tools are available to direct fluid flow at the ，同時減少其注入到干凈層位中去?；瘜W和機械暫堵工具可以將流體導入到射好的孔中去。In fracture acidizing, acid is injected at a rate high enough to generate the pressure required to fracture the formation. Differential etching occurs as the acid chemically reacts with the formation face，Areas where the rock has been removed are highly conductive to hydrocarbon fracturing fluids usually are not chemically reactive and proppants is placed in the fracture to keep the fracture open and provide ，酸以足夠高的速度注入產(chǎn)生破裂地層所需要的壓力。不同的腐蝕發(fā)生在酸與井壁的發(fā)生化學反應的地方。巖石已被去除的區(qū)域是高導電性的烴類壓裂液，通常是不發(fā)生化學反應的支撐劑被放置在裂縫中，來保持裂縫的打開狀態(tài)，并提供導電性。As a general guideline, fracture acidizing is used on formations with 98% hydrochloric acid solubility. Lowpermeability carbonates are the best candidates for these treatments. Fluid loss to the matrix and natural fractures can also be better controlled in lowerpermeability ，地層壓裂酸化一般用于 98％能被鹽酸溶解的地層。低滲透率的碳酸鹽是這些措施的最佳選擇。流體濾失到基質和天然裂縫中，在低滲透的地層也可以被更好地控制。支撐劑通常需要在井封閉強調大于5000磅。壓裂酸化所造成的差分蝕刻不能支持如此高的應力。由于借款增加和額外的閉合壓力，蝕刻區(qū)往往擠壓或折疊，嚴重制約流井地帶。尾巴階段支撐劑壓裂酸化處理后可以形成提供電導率地層應力增加。A conventional fracture acidizing treatment involves pumping an acid system after fracturing. It may be preceded by a nonacid preflush and usually is overflushed with a nonacid 。其可能先注入一段非酸性前置液高粘度或低濾失，通常還尾追一段非酸性沖刷液。Proppants usually are required in wells with closure stresses greater than 5000 psi. Differential etching caused by fracture acidizing cannot support such high stresses. As the drawdown increases and additional closure pressure is applied, the etched regions tend to crush or collapse, severely restricting flow in the wellbore area. A tailin stage of proppant following a fracture acidizing treatment allows the formation to provide conductivity as formation stresses 。壓裂酸化所造成的不同腐蝕不能支持如此高的應力。當壓降增加和額外的閉合應力產(chǎn)生時，腐蝕的區(qū)往往趨于壓碎或坍塌，嚴重的限制井筒區(qū)域的流動。尾追支撐劑段賽緊隨壓裂酸化處理之后，在地應力增加的情況下使得地層仍具有導流性。后記感謝張創(chuàng)力同志的英文錄入翻譯不足的地方蠻多，將就著看看，求及格。石工1009 324宿舍翻譯
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