【正文】 the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand a camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out. 無主題句 即主題句隱含在全文中 , 沒有明確的主題句 . 必須根據(jù)文篇中所提供的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)，進(jìn)行全面考慮，綜合分析，然后找出共同的東西，歸納成一般概念。必須注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括時(shí)過于寬泛，要恰如其分。 4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. The main idea of this paragraph is that ______. A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tom received an excellent education. detail detail detail Types Of Paragraph Structures type The position of the topic Information words At the beginning At the end In the middle No clear topic sentence for example…… so, therefore,…… 特別注意： 文章中的 but, however, as a result, therefore等詞。它們通常是引出中心主旨的方向詞。而 for example, first, or to begin with等是引出細(xì)節(jié)的信息詞，在它們之前往往提到文章的中心主旨。 Passage B(NMET2022) Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(讀寫能力 ). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心 ), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “ Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower selfrespect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the children’ s department. Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’ s department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturdayafternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “ pawgraphed” book at the last program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager. Example and success of the program How to get the main idea of a passage? Passage B(NMET2022) Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(讀寫能力 ). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心 ), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “ Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower selfrespect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the children’ s department. Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’ s department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturdayafternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “ pawgraphed” book at the last program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager. Example and success of the program 59. What is mainly discussed in the text? A. Children’ s reading difficulties. B. Advantages of raising dogs. C. Service in a public library. D. A special reading program. details Paragraph ideas Passage idea 小試身手 ： 6 1. Magellan’ s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. 2. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. 3. Magellan’ s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. 1. Magellan’ s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan’ s voyage was the first trip around the world . 2. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and