【正文】
法 一 、 翻譯成漢語的主動(dòng)句 將英語原文中的 by, in, for等做 狀語的介詞短語翻譯成譯文的主語 , 而英語原文中的主語一般被翻譯成賓語 。 例如 , And it is imagined by many that the operations of the mon mind can be by no means pared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. 許多人認(rèn)為 , 普通人的思維活動(dòng)根本無法與科學(xué)家的思維過程相比 , 而且認(rèn)為這些思維過程必須經(jīng)過某種專門的訓(xùn)練才能掌握 。 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的譯法 一、 翻譯成漢語的主動(dòng)句 翻譯成漢語的無主句 例如: Many strange new means of transport have been developed in our century, the strangest of them being perhaps the hovercraft. 在我們這個(gè)世紀(jì)內(nèi)研制了許多新奇的交通工具 , 其中最奇特的也許就是氣墊船了 。 It is hoped that … 希望 …… It is reported that … 據(jù)報(bào)道 …… It is said that … 據(jù)說 …… It is supposed that … 據(jù)推測 …… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that … 可以毫不夸張地說 … It must be admitted that … 必須承認(rèn) …… It must be pointed out that … 必須指出 …… It will be seen from this that … 由此可見 …… 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的譯法 一 、 翻譯成漢語的主動(dòng)句 翻譯成帶表語的主動(dòng)句 例 decision to attack was not taken lightly. 進(jìn)攻的決定不是輕易做出的 。 例 2. On the whole such an conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being pared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed. 總的來說 , 得出這種結(jié)論是有一定程度把握的 , 但必須具備兩個(gè)條件:能夠假定這個(gè)孩子對測試的態(tài)度和與他比較的另一個(gè)孩子的態(tài)度相同 。 他也沒有因?yàn)槿狈e的孩子已掌握的有關(guān)知識而被扣分 。 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的譯法 二 、 譯成漢語的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 英語中的許多被動(dòng)句可以翻譯成漢語的被動(dòng)句 。 常用 “ 被 ” , “給 ” , “遭 ” , “挨 ” , “為 …… 所 ” , “使 ” , “由 … ”, “受到 ” 等表示 。 例 1. These signals are produced by colliding stars or nuclear reactions in outer space. 這些訊號是由外層空間的星球碰撞或者核反應(yīng)所造成的 。 例 2. Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. 工具和技術(shù)本身作為根本性創(chuàng)新的源泉多年來在很大程度上被科學(xué)史學(xué)家和科學(xué)思想家們忽視了 。 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的譯法