【正文】 thisadministrationmodeoncetheyseethatitreallyworks.bemuchmorelikelytoaccept propositional meaning(to be dealt with in Unit 4) contextual meaning (to be dealt with in Unit 5)conceptual meaningUnderstanding for levels of meaning pragmatical meaning (to be dealt with in Unit 6)ExercisesDefinitionThe conceptual meaning of a word is known as the dictionary meaning which indicates the concepts.In reading we can find that many different words have the same conceptual meanings. ConceptualmeaningExampleExampleThe conceptual meaning or the primary dictionary meaning of the word “walk” is to move forward by placing one foot in front of the other. There are also a few other words that, according to the dictionary, mean “to move forward on foot”:strollswaggerlumberThese synonyms, although with different connotative meanings, have the same conceptual meaning. ConceptualmeaningExampleExampleExampleConceptualmeaningstrollThe newlyweds strolled down the streets of Paris.(Stroll suggests a leisurely, carefree walk)ConceptualmeaningswaggerThe wealthy businessman swaggered into the restaurant and demanded a table.(Swagger suggest walking in a bold, arrogant manner.)ConceptualmeaninglumberThe overweight man lumbered along, breathing heavily and occasionally tripping.(Lumber suggests a clumsy, awkward movement.)Ex. 14 Read the following paragraph carefully and answer the questions about the conceptual meaning of the colored words.When an American president takes a vacation, his assistants usually emphasize to news reporters the work that he does during his vacation. In contrast, when the prime minister of Japan recently took a vacation, his aids emphasized to the press that his purpose was relaxation — no work at all.1. Who is the counterpart in position to the American president?TheprimeministerofJapan.ReferenceEx. 14 Read the following paragraph carefully and answer the questions about the conceptual meaning of the colored words.2. What is the synonym for assistants?Aids.ReferenceWhen an American president takes a vacation, his assistants usually emphasize to news reporters the work that he does during his vacation. In contrast, when the prime minister of Japan recently took a vacation, his aids emphasized to the press that his purpose was relaxation — no work at all.Ex. 14 Read the following paragraph carefully and answer the questions about the conceptual meaning of the colored words.When an American president takes a vacation, his assistants usually emphasize to news reporters the work that he does during his vacation. In contrast, when the prime minister of Japan recently took a vacation, his aids emphasized to the press that his purpose was relaxation — no work at all.3. What is the synonym for news reporters?Thepress.Reference翻譯的省詞翻譯的省詞 (Omission)語法或習(xí)慣表達(dá)法需要語法或習(xí)慣表達(dá)法需要語義或修辭需要翻譯的省詞取決于以下兩種情況：翻譯的省詞取決于以下兩種情況： ExercisesExamples? Universityapplicantswhohadworkedatajobwouldreceivepreferenceoverthosewhohadnot.報考大學(xué)的人，有工作經(jīng)驗的優(yōu)先錄取。報考大學(xué)的人，有工作經(jīng)驗的優(yōu)先錄取。? When RontgenputhishandbeforetheXray,hesawthebonesofhishandsonly.倫琴把手放在Ｘ射線前面時，只見到手上倫琴把手放在Ｘ射線前面時，只見到手上的骨頭。的骨頭。 語義或修辭需要Examples? The intensity of sound is inverselyproportionaltothesquareofthedistancemeasuredfromthesourceofthesound.聲音的聲音的 強(qiáng)強(qiáng) 度與距聲源距離的平方成反比。度與距聲源距離的平方成反比。? Ifwinteres,canspringbefarbehind?冬天來了，春天冬天來了，春天 還還 會會 遠(yuǎn)嗎遠(yuǎn)嗎 ？？語法或習(xí)慣表達(dá)法需要語法或習(xí)慣表達(dá)法需要1. There was no snow, but the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.2. Instead of one old woman knocking me about and starving me, everybody of all ages knocked me about and starved me.Ex. 15 Translate the following sentences into Chinese and use the ellipsis technique to deal with the colored parts if necessary.v 天未下雪，但葉落草枯。v 那時打我并且使我挨餓的不只是一個老太婆，而是老老少少各式各樣的人。3. We can measure the amount of water in a pot, but we can’t measure its heat. We don’t have an instrument for that.4. As the temperature increases, the volume of water bees greater.v 我們能測量罐內(nèi)的水量，但不能測量水的熱度，我們還沒有這種儀器。v 溫度增高，水的體積就增大。Ex. 15 Translate the following sentences into Chinese and use the ellipsis technique to deal with the colored parts if necessary.5. His telescope and his experiments were always bringing him new surprises, and he made notes of his work every day.v 他的望遠(yuǎn)鏡和實驗總是給他帶來驚奇的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，他每天都把工作情況記錄下來。Ex. 15 Translate the following sentences into Chinese and use the ellipsis technique to deal with the colored parts if necessary.Return to Passage AReturn to MenuReturn to Passage B