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【正文】 ”《毛猿》“Long days’Journey”自傳21.Saul Bellow 猶太人 諾貝爾從1941年到1987年的4O余年間，貝婁共出版了9部長篇小說。早期創(chuàng)作有結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)美的《掛起來的人》“Danglin Man” （1944）、 《受害者》“The victim” （1947），頗為評(píng)論界注目。 《奧吉瑪琪歷險(xiǎn)記》“The adventure of Augie March” （1953）的出版，一舉成名，奠定了他的文學(xué)地位。由于把“豐富多彩的流浪漢小說與當(dāng)代文化的精妙分析結(jié)合在一起”，這部小說成為當(dāng)代美國文學(xué)中描寫自意識(shí)和個(gè)人自由的典型之作。陸續(xù)出版了 《雨王漢德遜》“Hederson the Rain King” （1959）、 《赫索格》“Herzog” 獲得4項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)（1964） 、賽姆勒先生的行星》Mr Sammlers Plannet”（1970）、 《洪堡的禮物》 （1975）、 《系主任的十二月》 （1981）、 《而今更見傷心死》 （1987）、《偷竊》（1989）等。這些作品袒露了中產(chǎn)階級(jí)知識(shí)分子的精神苦悶，從側(cè)面反映了美國當(dāng)代“豐裕社會(huì)”的精神危機(jī)?！逗账鞲瘛烦蔀槊绹Z動(dòng)一時(shí)的暢銷書。此外，貝婁還出版過中短篇小說集《且惜今朝》（1956）和《莫斯比的回憶》（1968），劇本《最后的分析》（1965）以及游記《耶路撒冷去來》（1976）、散文集《集腋成裘》（1994）等。 猶太人Jewish“The Catcher of the Rye”《麥田里的守望者》名詞解釋 romanticism:Owing to difference in social and political attitudes,the romanticists split into two romantic writers expressed the aspirations of the classes created by capitalism and held out an ideal,though a vague one,of a feature society free from oppression and were the younger generation of romanticists represented by Byron,Shelley and Keats. Ronmanticism:Owing to difference in social and political attitudes,the romanticists split into two romantic writers reflected the thinking of classes ruined by the bourgoisie,and by the way of protesting against capitalist development turned to the feudal were the elder generation of romanticists,sometimes called escapist romanticists,including Wordsworth,Coleridge and Southey. Critical Realism:English critical realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the early fifties. The critical realists decribed with much vividness and great artistic skill the chief traits of the English society and criticized the capitalist system from a democratic critical realists included Charles Dickens,Thackeray,the Bronte Sisters and so on..Lost Generation：Writers of the first postwar era selfconsciously acknowledged that they were a “Lost Generation,” devoid of faith and alienated from a civilization. It describes the Americans who remained in Paris as a colony of “expatriates” or exiles. It describes the writers like Hemingway who lived in semipoverty. It describes the Americans who returned to their native land with an intense awareness of living in an unfamiliar changing famous writers were Hemingway,Fitzgwrald.:Imagism was an AngloAmercian poetic movement flourishing in the 1910s. Its program was formulated about 1912 by the Amercian poet,Ezra Pound and the movement soon broke up in about 1917. The imagist poetry was a kind of free verse shaking off the conventional metres and emphasizing on the use of mon speech,new rhythms and clear images. The two most important English poets of the first half of 20th century were Yeats and Eliot.： It refers to the period between the 14th and mid17th century. It means revival , revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture. Renaissance， in essence ， was a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of conservatism in feudalist Europe and introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie ， to lift the restrictions in all areas placed by the Roman church is the keynote of the Renaissance.The greatest humanist was Thomas More. colourism：Local Colourism is a type of writing that was popular in the late 19th century, particularly among authors in the South of the .. This style relied heanvily on using words, phrases, and slang that were native to the particular region in which the story take place. The term has e to mean any device which implies a special focus. Whether it be geographical or temporal. A wellknown loca colourism author was Mark Twain with his books Tom Sawyer and The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn.
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