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數(shù)控工作臺(tái)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書-資料下載頁(yè)

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【正文】 和維修方便.,脈沖變壓器Tp組成高壓控制電路。 放大電路圖無(wú)脈沖輸入時(shí),T1,T2,均截止,電機(jī)繞組La中無(wú)電流通過,T1飽和導(dǎo)通,在T2由截止到飽和期間,其集電極電流也就是脈沖變壓器的初級(jí)電流急速增加,在變壓器次級(jí)感應(yīng)一個(gè)電壓,使T3導(dǎo)通,80V高壓經(jīng)高壓管T3加到繞組La上,使電流迅速上升,約經(jīng)數(shù)百微妙,當(dāng)T2進(jìn)入穩(wěn)壓狀態(tài)后,初級(jí)電流暫時(shí)恒定,次級(jí)的感應(yīng)電壓降到0。T3截止,這時(shí)12V低壓電流經(jīng)D2加到繞組La上,T1,T2,T3,T4又截止,儲(chǔ)存在La中的能量通過18的電阻的作用是減小放電回路的時(shí)間常數(shù),改善波形后沿.由于采用高低壓驅(qū)動(dòng),電流增長(zhǎng)快,電機(jī)的力矩和運(yùn)行頻率都得到改善,但由于電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的反電動(dòng)勢(shì),使電流波形頂部下凹,使平均電流下降,轉(zhuǎn)矩下降. 光電隔離電路設(shè)計(jì)為了避免外部設(shè)備的電源干擾,防止被控對(duì)象電路的強(qiáng)電反竄,而目前已廣泛被性能高、價(jià)格低的光電耦合器來(lái)代替.光電耦合器是把發(fā)光元件與受光元件封裝在一起,雙列直插式、.光電耦合器具有以下特點(diǎn):(1)信號(hào)采取光電形式耦合,發(fā)光部分與受光部分無(wú)電氣回路,絕緣電阻高達(dá)1010~1012Ω,絕緣電壓為1000~5000V,因而具有極高的電氣隔離性能,避免輸出端和輸入端之間可能產(chǎn)生的反饋和干擾.(2)由于發(fā)光二極管是電流驅(qū)動(dòng)器件,動(dòng)態(tài)電阻很小,對(duì)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)外的噪聲干擾信號(hào)形成低阻抗旁路,因此抗干擾能力強(qiáng),共模抑制比高,不受磁場(chǎng)的影響,特別是用于長(zhǎng)線傳輸時(shí)作為終端負(fù)載,可以大大地提高信噪比.(3)光電耦合器可以耦合零到數(shù)千赫的信號(hào),且響應(yīng)速度快(一般為幾毫秒,甚至少于10ns),可以用于高速信號(hào)的傳輸.%100%,脈沖上升和下降時(shí)間小于5,輸出電路飽和壓降小(),電路構(gòu)件簡(jiǎn)單,是目前應(yīng)用較多的一種,主要用于驅(qū)動(dòng)TTL電路、傳輸線隔離、脈沖放大等.晶體管輸出型的光電耦合器用于開關(guān)信號(hào)耦合時(shí),光電晶體管在電流脈沖持續(xù)的時(shí)間內(nèi)導(dǎo)通。,這里4N25起到耦合脈沖信號(hào)和隔離單片機(jī)8031系統(tǒng)與輸出設(shè)備電氣回路的作用,使兩部分的電流相互獨(dú)立。輸出部分的地線Vss接地殼或大地,而單片機(jī)的電源地線(GDP)浮空,這樣可以避免輸出部分電源變化對(duì)單片機(jī)電源的影響。 光電隔離電路 其他接口電路設(shè)計(jì) 面板操作鍵和功能選擇開關(guān):,分別完成人工操作的、的進(jìn)給。運(yùn)行時(shí)按下此鍵,可中斷程序的運(yùn)行。回零,使工具電極沿X軸、Y軸、Z軸回到機(jī)械零點(diǎn)。 功能選擇開關(guān)SA為一個(gè)單刀7擲波段開關(guān),它與系統(tǒng)的8255PA口相連。用于連續(xù)、單步、自動(dòng)、手動(dòng)、暫停、啟動(dòng)等功能的選擇。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] [M].北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2008 [2] [M].北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2003[3] [M].湖南:湖南大學(xué)出版社,2005[4] 彭如恕,[M].湖南:國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社,2006[5] 謝鐵邦,[M].武漢:華中科技大學(xué)出版社,1998[6] 寇尊權(quán),[M].北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2006 [7] [M].北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2001[8] 趙萬(wàn)生,[M].北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2002[9] [J] .電加工,2009, (1):15~27[10] 朱寧,[J].電加工,2009,           (2): 14~21                          [11] 王文斌,[M].北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2004 [12] 吳振彪,胡均安,[M].北京:中國(guó)人民大學(xué)出版社,2000 [13] 楊宗強(qiáng),[M].北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2007 [14] 張學(xué)仁,[M]. 哈爾濱:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社,2005 [15] [M].北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,1998 [16] 崔忠圻,[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2007 [17] 陸興,戚正風(fēng),[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2007 [18] [M]. 北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2007[19] 羅晶,張學(xué)仁,[M]. 北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2003[20] N Tosun,C Cogun. Analysis of wire erosion and workpiece surface roughness in wire electrical discharge machining[J].Engineering Manufacture,2003,(16):633~642致謝大學(xué)階段的學(xué)生活即將結(jié)束,在此期間,我的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活緊張而又充實(shí)。而在這最后的一個(gè)學(xué)期,我們迎來(lái)了大學(xué)生活中最后一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)——畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)我們大學(xué)生活中所學(xué)所見的一次綜合性考查,在這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中我感到了濃厚的學(xué)習(xí)氣氛,接觸到了豐富的專業(yè)知識(shí),逐漸培養(yǎng)了設(shè)計(jì)能力,豐富了自己的理論水平,同時(shí),給理論知識(shí)也賦予了實(shí)踐。在我畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)期間,指導(dǎo)老師顏竟成教授給予了我熱心的關(guān)懷和諄諄教誨,在學(xué)業(yè)和生活各方面都勉勵(lì)和指導(dǎo)我,在我論文課題方面,從論文的選題到論文完成的全過程,都凝聚著顏教授的智慧和心血。一學(xué)期下來(lái),在理論知識(shí)方面,我閱覽群書,有了很大收獲,同時(shí),在實(shí)踐方面,也有了飛速的提高,積累了豐富的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),保證了自己在以后的工作當(dāng)中能夠更好地將所學(xué)的知識(shí)和自身的技能服務(wù)于社會(huì)、貢獻(xiàn)于國(guó)家。在此謹(jǐn)向顏教授和在支持我的機(jī)械工程學(xué)院的各位老師致以深深的謝意!在課題的設(shè)計(jì)過程中,王麗思、杜經(jīng)綸、程亮、李晨輝、王安政、邊立富等同學(xué)對(duì)我也提供了很大的幫助,在此也向他們表示感謝!最后,我的父母、親戚朋友在我學(xué)習(xí)階段,一直默默地支持、關(guān)心著我,我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記,也希望能在此向他們道聲謝謝!附 錄英文原文Feed rate control of the wireEDM processIntroductionThe CNC wireEDM machines first appears in the market in the 1970s,Although the wireEDM process has been playing an important role in the tooling and manufacturing industry,especially for the production of punches and dies,The metal removal process of wireEDM is very plex with stochastic and timevarying characteristics。 Moreover, many machining conditions such as workpiece properties(material,thickness),machining settings(wire feed, table feed, flushing pressure,etc。)and power settings(pulse ontime,pulse interval,etc。)have an effect to the machining process。In order to improve the machining efficiency,stability and quality,many efforts have been made by the researchers and manufacturers to develop pulse discrimination and control system。Liao et al。developed a pulse discrimination system to study the characteristics of pulse trains in the wireEDM process。They also proposed an approximate method for estimating the variation of the average gap width。Wire breakage and unstable machining drastically reduce the machining efficiency and accuracy in wireEDM。Some adaptive control systems using the fuzzy control strategy employed the sensing parameters detected by the developed pulse discriminating and control system to monitor and control wire rupture suppression as well as maintain stable machining。Although these adaptive control systems can be applied to a wide rangeof machining conditions,they cannot respond to the gap conditions properly when there is an unexpected disturbance such as the condition of machining a stairshape workpiece。In order to carry out the processing of a workpiece with variable height,Rajurkar et al。 presented an adaptive control system to online optimize the sparking frequency by estimating the workpiece height with a multiinput model。 This paper presents a new puteraided pulse discriminating and control system for process motoring and control in wireEDM。By means of the pulse discriminating and control system,the relationships between machine settings and sensing parameters are analyzed quantitatively。According to the identified gap states,a control strategy is proposed by adjusting the feed rate in realtime to achieve stable machining。Feed rate control and the process parametersThe quality of feed rate control determines the stability of the gap width the machining process。 The following four process variables can be used for feed control:A、Gap voltage This process characteristic is average value of the gap voltage。This mean value depending on the different burning voltage levels of spark and arc as well as on the ignition delay time。The determination of the middle gap voltage and its technical implementation for gap width control isrelatively easy in parison with other methods。The gap voltage was directly proportional to the working gap width。B、Ignition delay timeThe ignition delay time characterizes the conditions for the voltage breakdown of the gap。The theoretical consideration,that a small gap offers better conditions for a breakdown than a large gap leads therefore to shorter ignition delay times。In this way, the ignition delays time can be used as a controlle
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