藥劑學(xué)英文名詞解釋整理doc-資料下載頁
2025-07-15 05:50本頁面
【正文】 oncentrated aqueous preparations of a sugar or sugar substitute with or without flavoring agents and medicinal substances.（復(fù)）Elixirsare clear, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions intended for oral use and are uaually flavored to enhance their palatability.Nonmedicated elixirs are employed as vehicles。Medicated elixirs are used for the therapeutic effect of the medicinal substances they contain.（復(fù)）Tinctures are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical substances.Suspensions may be defined as preparations containing finely divided drug particles distributed somewhat uniformly throughout a vehicle in which the drug exhibits a minimum degree of solubility.混懸劑系指難溶性固體藥物以微粒狀態(tài)分散于分散介質(zhì)中形成的多相分散體系。（復(fù)）EmulsionsAn emulsion is a dispersion in which the dispersed phase is posed of small globules of a liquid distributed throughout a vehicle in which it is immiscible.乳劑系指互不相溶的兩相液體混合，其中一相以液滴狀態(tài)分散于另一相中形成的非均勻分散液體制劑。（復(fù)）floc or floccule.One mon method of preventing rigid cohesion of small particles of a suspension is intentional formation of a less rigid or loose aggregation of the particles held together by paratively weak particletoparticle bonds.Such an aggregation of particles is termed a floc or a floccule（絮狀物, 絮凝粒）.（復(fù)）creaming of the emulsionAggregates of globules of the internal phase have a greater tendency than do individual particles to rise to the top of the emulsion or fall to the bottom. Such a preparation of the globules is termed the creaming of the emulsion，and provided coalescence is absent, it is reversible process. （內(nèi)相液滴的聚集體比其單個顆粒具有更大的趨勢上浮到乳劑頂部或下沉到底部，這種聚集體的形成稱為乳劑的分層。當(dāng)未發(fā)生合并時(shí)，是一可逆過程。） （復(fù)）coalescence of the emulsion. Of greater destruction to an emulsion than creaming is the coalescence of the globules of the internal phase and the separation of that phase into a layer. The separation of the internal phase from the emulsion is called the “breaking” of the emulsion, and the emulsion is described as being “cracked” or “broken.” this is irreversible.比分層更具有破壞性的是乳劑內(nèi)相液滴的合并，從而產(chǎn)生相分離形成不同的液層。乳劑中內(nèi)相的分離稱為乳劑的“破壞”，此時(shí)乳劑則被描述成“破裂”。這是不可逆的變化。aerosols are pressurized dosage forms containing one or more active ingredients which upon actuation emit a fine dispersion of liquid and/or solid materials in a gaseous medium.藥物氣霧劑為一種或多種活性成分的壓縮劑型，可通過噴出在氣態(tài)介質(zhì)中形成液體和（或）固體物質(zhì)的細(xì)小分散體系。Injections are sterile, pyrogenfree preparations intended to be administered parenterally. Pyrogen: Feverproducing organic substances arsing from microbial contamination熱原：微量即能引起恒溫動物體溫異常升高的物質(zhì)。Biotechnology The term biotechnology enpasses any technique that uses living organisms in the production or modification of products.生物技術(shù)或稱生物工程（biotechnology),是應(yīng)用生物體（包括微生物，動物細(xì)胞，植物細(xì)胞）或其組成部分（細(xì)胞器和酶），在最適條件下，生產(chǎn)有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)物或進(jìn)行有益過程的技術(shù)。stealth liposomesTo extend the halflife of liposomes in the body, “stealth liposomes” have been developed by coating the liposomes with materials, such as the polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG), enabling liposomes to evade detection through the ponents of the body’s immune system This extends their halflife and may also alter their biodistribution.
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