【正文】 率的一半的情況下，溫度每升高20℃，故障率就上升一倍。因此研究LED光源的散熱性能，提出解決散熱問題措施對(duì)于提高LED光源的性能有非常重要的意義。 LED光源的熱傳導(dǎo)和疏散通常來說，LED照明光源需要解決下面三個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的散熱問題：；；（如空氣）。它們層層相連，散熱面積逐漸擴(kuò)展，其中任何一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)傳熱不暢都將極大地影響光源整體的散熱性能。熱量的傳遞方式有傳導(dǎo)、對(duì)流和輻射三種，對(duì)LED光源，由于其工作溫度不是很高（一般要求125℃），熱輻射散熱可以忽略，因此其一、二環(huán)節(jié)主要以傳導(dǎo)方式散熱，第三環(huán)節(jié)則以對(duì)流散熱為主。在這次制作中，共測(cè)試了兩種散熱器，其中一種為L(zhǎng)ED專用散熱器，該散熱器為太陽(yáng)花結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠完全散開3顆1W的LED發(fā)出的熱量，并且經(jīng)過實(shí)際測(cè)試，當(dāng)使用專用導(dǎo)熱硅膠使鋁基板和其良好接觸時(shí)，散熱效果較好，即使長(zhǎng)時(shí)間使用，也不會(huì)使LED因高溫?zé)龤?，是一種極為有效的散熱方式，并且外形美觀，價(jià)格適中，可以在實(shí)際中大規(guī)模應(yīng)用。圖51 加裝散熱器的LED照明燈 另一種為使用廢棄的臺(tái)式電腦CPU散熱器進(jìn)行改裝，但是在實(shí)際制作過程中遇到在鋁塊上鉆孔的困難，導(dǎo)致鋁基板不能固定在散熱器上面，只能使用導(dǎo)熱硅膠進(jìn)行固定，但是及其不牢固。并且由于CPU散熱器的鰭較少，并且較厚，所以并不能很好的傳導(dǎo)熱量，導(dǎo)致和基板的接觸面溫度較高而其他地方溫度基本未變，因此散熱效果一般，導(dǎo)致不能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的點(diǎn)燃LED，但是該問題能使用加裝風(fēng)扇解決，這樣就導(dǎo)致成本大幅度提高，實(shí)用價(jià)值不高。 33 結(jié) 論 6 結(jié) 論本論文對(duì)LED應(yīng)用于照明光源做了一些研究工作，包括光源的組裝與測(cè)試。主要的結(jié)論如下：，對(duì)LED封裝與組裝技術(shù)的發(fā)展進(jìn)行了歸納，指出了新興的多芯片封裝技術(shù)在LED照明光源上的應(yīng)用可行性?；谔岣甙l(fā)光效率和有利散熱等要求，設(shè)計(jì)并組裝了LED光源樣品，并進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。通過平均平面照度法計(jì)算了其光通量及發(fā)光效率，證明了此方法在光源光通量計(jì)算上的可行性及實(shí)用性。 ，發(fā)現(xiàn)單純采用小功率高亮度LED或大功率LED制備的光源存在著光通量低、成本過高和/或散熱不理想等方面的問題，而高亮度LED與大功率LED組合封裝的光源則在發(fā)光量、發(fā)光效率、成本以及散熱方面有相對(duì)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，可應(yīng)用于目前的照明市場(chǎng)。，分析了各種驅(qū)動(dòng)的使用范圍及電學(xué)參數(shù)。并將其中一種用于制作LED組合照明燈。，并且自己制作了一個(gè)散熱器并通過實(shí)際應(yīng)用，證明了其有效性。 35 參考文獻(xiàn)參考文獻(xiàn)[1]應(yīng)根裕,胡文波,：人民郵電出版社,2002.[2]——,26(4):1320[3]雷玉堂,——,2003,15:3334.[4]李卓,朱崇恩,，2003,7:1113.[5]崔元日,——,2004,28(2):3134.[6],2004,26(7):3639.[7]白杉,，2004,5(1):4243.[8]——,.[9]：//[10] LED Array Packages Offer Wide Viewing Angle.[11]徐敏,尹周平,2004,15(2):139143.[12],2003,32(5):319324.[13]甘彬,馮紅年,2005,27（5）:3337.[14]金尚忠,王東輝,激光,2002,13(8):825827.[15]樸大植,（LED）,2002,10(1):1821.[16]:1993.[17]:2004.[18][D].電子科技大學(xué).[19][D].西南交通大學(xué).[20][D].電子科技大學(xué).[21]（美）著，[M].西安：西安交通大學(xué)出版社，2003.[22]半導(dǎo)體LED照明光源技術(shù)的進(jìn)展與前景[J].稀土信息，2006年12:3233.[23][J].：5459.[24]龐蘊(yùn)凡，《視覺與照明》，北京:中國(guó)鐵道出版社，p50一54(1993)[25]趙振民，《照明工程設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》，天津:天津科技出版社(2001)[26]孫建民，《電器照明技術(shù)》，北京:中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)技術(shù)出版社，p100102(1998)[27]俞麗華、朱桐城，《電器照明》，上海:同濟(jì)大學(xué)出版社(1990)[28]顧國(guó)維，((綠色技術(shù)及其應(yīng)用》，上海:同濟(jì)大學(xué)出版社(1999) 致 謝 致 謝首先，衷心感謝我的導(dǎo)師陳勇副教授及成都學(xué)院的老師們，在我完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的過程中，他們給予了悉心指導(dǎo)和大力支持，他們的淵博的知識(shí)和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)闹螌W(xué)作風(fēng)給我留下了深刻的印象。感謝微電子系05級(jí)3班的同學(xué)，他們不僅在工具的使用、資料的查找和理論分析方面給了極大的幫助和支持，而且一起進(jìn)行討論研究，深化了我對(duì)課題的認(rèn)識(shí)，并在實(shí)物制作的過程中提供了指導(dǎo)，沒有這些老師和同學(xué)所得幫助，也就沒有本課題的順利完成。同時(shí)，對(duì)四年來一直給予我關(guān)心和幫助的微電子技術(shù)系全體老師和同學(xué)表示衷心的感謝！感謝我的父母和家人的支持。感謝在百忙之中抽出時(shí)間參加論文評(píng)閱的各位專家。 39 外文資料原文外文資料原文外文資料原文LED history 50 years ago, people have to understand semiconductor materials can produce light of the basic knowledge, the first mercial diodes in 1960. English is the LED light emitting diode (LED) acronym, and its basic structure is an electroluminescent semiconductor materials, placed in a wire rack, then sealed with epoxy resin around, that is, solid package, Therefore, the protection of the internal batteries can play the role of line, so the seismic performance LED good. LED is the core of the Ptype semiconductor and ponents of the Ntype semiconductor chips, the Ptype semiconductor and Ntype semiconductor between a transition layers, called the PN junction. In some semiconductor materials in the PN junction, the injection of a small number of carriercarrier and the majority of the extra time will be in the form of light energy to release, thus the power to direct conversion of solar energy. PN junction on reverse voltage, a few hardcarrier injection, it is not luminous. This use of injection electroluminescent diodes is produced by the principle of lightemitting diodes, monly known as LED. When it in a positive state of the work (that is, at both ends with forward voltage), the current flows from the LED anode, cathode, semiconductor crystals on the issue from the ultraviolet to infrared light of different colors, light and the strength of the currents. Instruments used for the first LED light source instructions, but all kinds of light colored LED lights in traffic and large screen has been widely applied, have very good economic and social benefits. The 12inch red traffic lights as an example, is used in the United States have long life, lowefficiency 140 watt incandescent lamp as a light source, it produced 2,000 lumens of white light. The red filter, the loss90 percent, only 200 lumens of red light. In the light of the new design, Lumileds panies have 18 red LED light source, including the loss of circuit, a total power consumption of 14 watts to generate the same optical effect. Automotive LED lights are also the source of important areas. For general lighting, people need more white light sources. The 1998 white LED successful development. This is the GaN LED chip and Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) package together cause. GaN chip of the Bluray (λ p = 465nm, Wd = 30nm), made of hightemperature sintering of the Ce3 + YAG phosphors excited by this Bluray after irradiating a yellow, the peak 550 nm. Bluechip installed in the LEDbased Wanxing reflection in the cavity, covered with a resin mixed with YAG thin layer, about 200500 nm. LEDbased tablets issued by the Bluray absorption part of the phosphor, the phosphor another part of the Bluray and a yellow light mixed, can be a white. Now, the InGaN / YAG white LED, YAG phosphor by changing the chemical position of the phosphor layer and adjust the thickness of the 350010000 K color temperature can be colored white. This blue LED through the method by white, constructed simple, lowcost, high technology is mature, so use the most. In the 1960s, the use of science and technology workers semiconductor PN junction of The principle of developing a LED lightemitting diodes. At that time, the development of LED, the materials used are GaASP , its luminous color is red. After nearly 30 years of development, and now we are very familiar with the LED, has been sent to red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and other shade. However lighting necessary for white LED light only in recent years to develop, readers here to tell us