【正文】 red technologies such as SVG [2], Adobe Flash [14], and Microsoftbased solutions. At the end of our evaluations, Adobe Flash resulted to be the best candidate for the MyHMI client application.The developed clientside prototypes include all the widgets needed to display plant values (., gauge bars, alarm leds, conveyor belts, tachometers, meters, and so on) and to execute user mands (., start/restart and emergency push buttons, input fields, and so on). Widgets have been designed according to the separation of concerns philosophy: every widget is developed as standalone object, posed by two main modules:? The business logic, encapsulating both the properties and the behavior of the widget。? The graphical representation, which is designed separately, with an approach based on the well known concept of skin.Thanks to the new widget design and to the sophisticated rendering engine provided by Flash, the prototype was able to implement much more refined interfaces than usual HMI systems, both in terms of graphical appearance and of business logics (for instance, see the real time conveyor emulator in Figure7). Related WorkThe requirements, trends, and opportunities of current technological evolution in embedded system are widely recognized [6]. Some early works exist that describe how technologies from the Web environment can be applied to the industrial HMI applications. [7] outlines some possible approaches on how to use XML and Java for interface definition and configuration.However, our experience highlights that applying this plain technique can be painful in terms of performance if using low power devices with embedded operating systems.Other works (., [8], [10]) explore the integration of traditional field bus solutions with Eternity based munication between clients, but, instead of proposing a fullfledged Web based architecture, they offer a gatewaybased interface for transferring the information from the field to an officelike network. These approaches do not fully exploit the potentials that Web interfaces can provide (for example, in terms of richness of interfaces, adaptability and personification), because the serverside software architecture is not structured enough for that. Moreover, they usually refer to office PC platform for running the advanced remote , agentoriented, and distributed object architectures based on Web and XML technologies have been explored too, but their results are still in an early phase of development and typically require powerful hardware.Several research activities have gathered around the concept of OpenArchitecture Controllers , focusing on software solutions that offer as much portability and openness to any kind of device and operating systems as possible. They aim at studying the best mix of programming languages, and development architectures and frameworks for granting such flexibility. They often rely on Web technologies for their open availability and portability, but they don’t apply any effort for increasing the provided features or services. provided features or services. Finally, another category of works, such as , provide experience reports on practical application of Internetbased solutions to specific environments, but do not generalize their results to a general architecture for handling any kind of HMI problems.Our contribution with respect to the current research is in the definition of a lightweight Web based software architecture that features standard technologies like browsers, Web servers, and graphic players, that can be delivered on (networks of) embedded systems, delivering state of the art Web applications, including personalization, multidevice adaptivity, and remote notification, without the need of heavy hardware platforms like office PCs.ConclusionIn this paper we have shown how HMI systems could benefit from the introduction of cuttingedge Web technologies and best practices. The work has been organized in four sequential steps: market and literature analysis。 definition of the requirements needed by new Web enabled HMI solutions。 design of a proofofconcept case study application。 and development of the client and server applications to test reliability and performances of the MYH solution. The market analysis highlighted the currentunsolved problems affecting the HMI market, thus gathering a set of features and requirements for the next generation of HMI solutions.The result of our work consists in a highly configurable architecture which can be considered a state of the art reference for new generation of HMI solutions relying on flexibility, ubiquity and customization.Future work will include some architecture refinements and the testing of performances of advanced features (messaging, remote logging, and so on).AcknowledgmentWe wish to thank the staff of ESA Electronic . for the valuable ments, feedbacks, and collaborative work. A special thank to Steward Ongoing (Ramp。D department), to his team, and to April Colombo .二、英文翻譯：應用基于web的網絡協(xié)議和軟件架構,可以為工業(yè)提供具有適應性，個性化和移動性特點的人機界面服務器的設計該服務器是通過專有的溝通協(xié)議，作為為中間人人機界面接口和其他服務器進行通信的TCP / IP網絡以及現場總線連接異構的設備之間作用。該服務器管理連接到外地（通過一個OPC服務器模塊或類似的接口）和緩沖區(qū)的字段數據（在數據服務器模塊）成為傳遞到基于TCP / IP連接的客戶?？蛻艨梢圆渴鹪趦煞N配置：本地服務器的節(jié)點（從而提供了一個集成終端接口）或在一個單獨的遠程終端連接到服務器通過一個TCP / IP網絡。該服務器管理有四種類型的客戶端請求：初始化請求，新的一頁請求，數據刷新請求和事件觸發(fā)處理。初始化和新的一頁請求可能需要計算服務器端個性化的規(guī)則，他的處理是通過基于身份請求終端和用戶身份服務器提出請求的；頁面數據刷新請求只涉及到客戶機的運送原始數據和提供服務快如圖2所示，服務器分為兩大類成分邊界：一方是控制系統(tǒng)，由不同的設備組成，雙方溝通通過工業(yè)（如Modbus總線，現場總線等...）和網絡協(xié)議（如TCP / IP協(xié)議）和從原受控環(huán)境輸送數據。另一邊是用戶，支持與同一個客戶端用戶界面控制系統(tǒng)互動。圖2 MYHMI體系結構的高層架構作為一個中間設備，服務器已能處理具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務，如各種：（一）管理和協(xié)調涉及用戶，可能執(zhí)行臨時數據處理和匯總。之間的數據流；（二）保證了在不同節(jié)點的狀態(tài)信息同步。（三）提供確保萬無一失執(zhí)行用戶的命令一個安全可靠的服務。該服務器的內部組織已設想到提高模塊化，可擴展，組件重新使用和性能。在圖3和圖4中，我們可以找出三個服務器內部結構宏組件的：服務器子組件對管理現場設備通信負責同時提供抽象和模塊化，并且忽略其他組件的物理特征，拓撲和協(xié)議。與外地的互動是通過一個標準的OPC客戶機/服務器模塊，從而增加了另一種級別抽象（和模塊）的系統(tǒng)。 圖3 MYHMI體系中的服務結構：外界面版管理，控制界面管理控制界面管理處理所有相關的用戶命令管理，內容個性化功能，以及適應性。由于允許多個用戶與系統(tǒng)互動和用戶界面的內容是直接關系到用戶設備和授權的，這就需要特