【正文】 s can be deployed in two configurations: locally at the server’s node (thus offering an integrated terminal interface) or remotely on a separate terminal connected to the server by means of a TCP/IP network.The server manages four types of client requests: initialization requests, new page requests, data refresh requests, and eventtriggered executions. Initializationand new page requests may require the putation of serverside personalization rules which are processed by the server based on the identity of the requesting terminal and user。 and development of the client and server applications to test reliability and performances of the MYH solution. The market analysis highlighted the currentunsolved problems affecting the HMI market, thus gathering a set of features and requirements for the next generation of HMI solutions.The result of our work consists in a highly configurable architecture which can be considered a state of the art reference for new generation of HMI solutions relying on flexibility, ubiquity and customization.Future work will include some architecture refinements and the testing of performances of advanced features (messaging, remote logging, and so on).AcknowledgmentWe wish to thank the staff of ESA Electronic . for the valuable ments, feedbacks, and collaborative work. A special thank to Steward Ongoing (Ramp。與外地的互動是通過一個標準的OPC客戶機/服務器模塊，從而增加了另一種級別抽象（和模塊）的系統(tǒng)。 and (iv) interactivity and usability features.We considered technologies such as SVG [2], Adobe Flash [14], and Microsoftbased solutions. At the end of our evaluations, Adobe Flash resulted to be the best candidate for the MyHMI client application.The developed clientside prototypes include all the widgets needed to display plant values (., gauge bars, alarm leds, conveyor belts, tachometers, meters, and so on) and to execute user mands (., start/restart and emergency push buttons, input fields, and so on). Widgets have been designed according to the separation of concerns philosophy: every widget is developed as standalone object, posed by two main modules:? The business logic, encapsulating both the properties and the behavior of the widget。由于本人自身在程序上的弱勢，所以在一定程度上要不斷的請教自己同學和師兄師姐，通過他們的指導，讓自己可以盡快的明白，熟悉這些程序代碼的含義，從而讓自己在解決后續(xù)問題上變得更加輕松自如。結 論在前期查詢數(shù)字時鐘速資料后，考慮到自身實際能力，選擇基于單片機STC89C52作為主要模塊設計的智能數(shù)字時鐘系統(tǒng)，完成了硬件原理圖的設計，制作的過程遠比我們原先想象的那么簡單，整個系統(tǒng)是在不斷的調試中得到完善的，剛開始制作的整個系統(tǒng)不能工作，于是我們就開始用萬用表查電源查線路，但這些都沒問題，后來發(fā)現(xiàn)在電路焊接過程中出現(xiàn)了虛焊，導致整個電路不能按照理想設定的模式運行。[16]。例如對于六腳自鎖開關的不熟悉，每次焊接的時候都存在很大問題，開關并沒有起到自鎖的作用。一、調試工具 測試本設計的各項性能指標，需要不同的儀器設備。[1]。Vcc1在雙電源系統(tǒng)中提供主電源，在這種運用方式下Vcc2連接到備份電源，以便在沒有主電源的情況下能保存時間信息以及數(shù)據(jù)[9]。第一節(jié) 最小系統(tǒng)電路 最小系統(tǒng)電路主要是由復位電路，時鐘電路以及單片機電路組成。芯片采用CMOS技術，含有內部振蕩器，防混淆濾波器， 平滑濾波器，音頻放大器，自動靜噪器及高密度多電平閃爍存儲陳列。 STC89C52引腳圖二、STC89C52單片機主要特性 。第五節(jié) 本章小結 本章主要是簡述數(shù)字時鐘發(fā)展的歷史以及未來發(fā)展的趨勢，通過對數(shù)字時鐘發(fā)展和基本特點的了解，讓我們更加清楚的知道未來對時鐘的需求，以及未來時鐘發(fā)展的趨勢。數(shù)字時鐘在單片機模塊里比較常見，數(shù)字時鐘是一種用數(shù)字電路技術實現(xiàn)時、分、秒計時的裝置，與機械式時鐘相比具有更高的準確性和直觀性，且無機械裝置，具有更長的使用壽命，因此得到了廣泛的使用。設計的系統(tǒng)的可以通過按鍵來調節(jié)時間，通過LCD模塊能夠將實時時間顯示出來，并且在整點的時候可以實現(xiàn)語音整點報時功能。⑴晶體振蕩器電路 晶體振蕩器電路給數(shù)字時鐘提供一個頻率穩(wěn)定準確的12MHz的方波信號,。 第三節(jié) 硬件原理框圖 硬件原理圖的設計決定了一個系統(tǒng)的功能，是設計的基礎所在，而一般的設計的目標是：簡潔，高效，可靠，優(yōu)化。[3]。 DS18B20引腳圖二、DS18B20主要特性 DS18B20采用一線通信接口，必須先完成ROM的設定，主要是提供以下的功能命令，讀ROM,ROM的匹配，搜索ROM，跳過ROM，報警檢查，這些指令操作作用在一個器件的64位光刻ROM序列號，可以在掛在一線上多個器件選定某一個器件，同時總線也可以知道總線上掛多少多少設備。而通常我們使用的是220V的交流電，需要通過整流電路，將交流電轉化成直流電，同時還要加入濾波電路，濾掉交流分量，最后通過穩(wěn)壓電路，得到想要的電壓。 語音電路第六節(jié) 測溫電路 本次設計中并沒有要求實現(xiàn)溫度測量，而自己在原有的要求的基礎上加入溫度測量。同時還包括整個主程序的流程圖，明白整個程序編寫時候的思路。各個功能模塊測試。一、故障處理 單片機軟件調試部分主要是通過將各個模塊程序下載到單片機中，進行各模塊功能檢測，從而可以更好的去完成整體的系統(tǒng)的測試，在軟件的測試中同樣存在著許多問題。 系統(tǒng)測試效果圖第四節(jié) 本章小結 本章主要是進行系統(tǒng)軟硬件測試，在系統(tǒng)設計制作完成后的驗證過程，也是很重要的一個部分。通過老師和同學的講解，不斷的學習，使自身理論水平和設計能力有了提高，實踐方面，在以后的繼續(xù)學習中會更加注重這方面的培養(yǎng)。2. the Control Interface Management (CIM)。初始化和新的一頁請求可能需要計算服務器端個性化的規(guī)則，他的處理是通過基于身份請求終端和用戶身份服務器提出請求的；頁面數(shù)據(jù)刷新請求只涉及到客戶機的運送原始數(shù)據(jù)和提供服務快如圖2所示，服務器分為兩大類成分邊界：一方是控制系統(tǒng)，由不同的設備組成，雙方溝通通過工業(yè)（如Modbus總線，現(xiàn)場總線等...）和網(wǎng)絡協(xié)議（如TCP / IP協(xié)議）和從原受控環(huán)境輸送數(shù)據(jù)。圖2 MYHMI體系結構的高層架構作為一個中間設備，服務器已能處理具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務，如各種：（一）管理和協(xié)調涉及用戶，可能執(zhí)行臨時數(shù)據(jù)處理和匯總。 since My HMI relies on a Web architecture, the UIM is organized according to the Model View Controller (MVC) design pattern [4], in its Web patible version known as Model 2 (MVC2). Clientserver interaction designAn important aspect to consider when dealing with Web architectures is the asymmetric nature of the munication protocol used by clients to municate with the server (HTTP). Only clients are able to perform requests to the server and not vice versa. This constraint hampers the optimization of the interactions because clients cannot be notified by the server of new events (new variable values,instructions, alarms), but need to periodically invoke the server to retrieve the updated information.Modern Web applications start to discover the usefulness of bidirectional munication mechanism and leverage on push technologies to enable Web server proactivity. According to the decision described in Section , we adopted a simulated callback approach. Such approaches usually rely on HTTP/ persistent connection . Persistent connections exploit the XMLHttpRequest concept and similar mechanisms to retrieve information from the server without necessarily updating the whole page. Thanks to these technologies, clients are allowed to establish a single connection always available for servers to send data independently from the user interaction. Unfortunately, persistent connections are expensive to manage for servers, making such approach unsuitable for lowputationalpower devices like the ones used by My HMI.The munication buffer mechanism implemented in the CIM helps at overing the drawbacks ing from the polling process.Figure 5 schematizes a simplified “l(fā)ifecycle” of a value update of a field variable. When the client performs its polling routine, the UIM first checks if, from the previous client request, the CIM noti