【正文】 4 閱讀還原 (六選五型閱讀理解 ) 六選五閱讀理解考查的是考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。該題型選項大致可分為主旨概括句 (文章整體內(nèi)容 )、過渡性句子 (文章結(jié)構(gòu) )和注釋性句子 (上下文邏輯意義 )三類。另外一個多余的干擾項也可以通過這三個特點來排除，例如主旨概括句要么過于寬泛要么以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。 閱讀指導(dǎo) 1．先閱讀選項。通過句子的完整性或者句子后面的標(biāo)點符號來判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過閱讀選項，有可能找出跟其他選項表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣的話我們就可以直接將該選項排除。 2．再看空前空后。由于六選五空出的是整個句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，因此我們可以通過選項中某個名詞或動詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來確定這兩個句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。 3．注意代詞或定冠詞。在做這類題目的時候，一定要注意句子中出現(xiàn)的人稱代詞或者指示代詞，然后通過代詞在句子中所做的成分我們可以推斷出它指代的句子的類型，最后從選項中找這類句型。 4．注意一些特殊疑問詞。如果選項中或空前出現(xiàn)特殊疑問詞，一定要把這句話仔細(xì)讀幾遍，因為對于不同特殊疑問詞的回答方式是不一樣的，比如對 why的回答，后面要有 because等表原因的詞，對 when的回答，后面要有表時間的狀語，對 where的回答，后面要有表地點的名詞，對 how的回答，后面要有方式狀語等。 5．注意一些連詞。 表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞 but， however， yet， though / although 等和表示并列的連詞如 and， also， as well as，neither...nor， either...or， not only...but also， on one hand...on the other hand等可表達(dá)句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，通過不同的連詞我們可以推知句子與句子之間不同的關(guān)系。 例題精析 [2022 臨沂中考 ] On the fourth Sunday of every November， most Americans get together around the dinner table to celebrate traditions in the US have been around for many are four popular Thanksgiving traditions and how they started. 2． ______The first Thanksgiving meal was in the autumn of 1621 when the first travelers from England celebrated their first harvest (收獲 )． But it wasn’ t made into an official (官方的 ) holiday until first large meal had turkey， fruits and vegetables， which are still mon today. 3． ______ Historians say the first travelers invited Native Americanas (美洲印第安人 ) to the meal to thank them for teaching them how to grow at the large meal， friends and family will also say what they are most thankful for. 4． ______ The parade (游行 ) includes very large balloons that look like cartoon characters and beautiful floats(花車 ) that carry famous are also many musical performances to parade started in 1924，and today over 44 million people watch it on TV or in New York City. 5． ______People started to watch football on Thanksgiving a few years after the day became an official ， the National Football League takes advantage of this popularity and hosts three NFL games every Thanksgiving. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選出五個句子填入文中空缺處，使短文內(nèi)容完整正確。 A． Giving thanks is what the holiday is all about. B． American football is something people both watch and play with their family on Turkey Day. C． However， some people don’ t always stop to think about where the traditions came from. D． Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. E． A large meal is the important event every Thanksgiving. F． Every year， there is a Macy’ s Thanksgiving Day Parade in New York City. 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了四種流行的感恩節(jié)傳統(tǒng)和它們?nèi)绾闻d起的。 1．【解析】 根據(jù)上句“美國特別的傳統(tǒng)已經(jīng)流行許多年了”和下句“有四種流行的感恩節(jié)傳統(tǒng)和它們?nèi)绾闻d起的”可知此處與傳統(tǒng)有關(guān)，結(jié)合選項，只有 C項與傳統(tǒng)相關(guān)且意思符合。 【答案】 C 2．【解析】 根據(jù)下句“第一餐感恩節(jié)飯是在 1621年的秋天 …… ”及本段都與吃飯有關(guān)，可知此處也應(yīng)與 meal相關(guān)，結(jié)合選項，只有 E項與 meal相關(guān)且意思符合。 【答案】 E 3．【解析】 根據(jù)下句“歷史學(xué)家說第一批旅行者邀請了美洲印第安人來吃飯表示感謝他們教他們種植食物”說明與感恩有關(guān)，結(jié)合選項，只有 A項意思符合。 【答案】 A 4．【解析】 根據(jù)下句“游行包括看起來像卡通人物的非常大的氣球，以及搭載名人的花車”可知，只有 F項提到了 parade“游行”。 【答案】 F 5．【解析】 根據(jù)下句“人們開始在感恩節(jié)觀看足球 …… ”，結(jié)合選項，只有 B項提到足球且意思符合。 【答案】 B 即時運用 Passage 1 [2022 臨沂中考 ] New Year’ s Resolutions Xu Hui， 13， from Shanghai In 2022， I really wish that I could make friends with some boys in my have many friends， but they are all will be quite cool and interesting to talk with boys and play games with ， my math and physics scores are not very want to improve them. Zhao Yujie， 14， from Jiangsu My biggest resolution is to volunteer want to help homeless children and old think it’ s important for us to spread laughter and warmth to I’ m willing to do this and hope everyone around me will be happy. Li Langjing， 14， from Fujian In the new year， I want to take more trips with my ， I hope I can go to Xinjiang and really want to climb the beautiful Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang and taste delicious snacks in Taiwan. Ma Yue， 15， from Beijing My new year’s wish is to get a ticket to a Scorpions (蝎子樂隊 ) are a German rock love their metal will have a concert in don’t want to miss it. Li Yunxiao， 15， from Zhejiang I hope that my family and I will have good ’s the most important thing I it’s my last year in junior high school ， I’d like to cherish(珍惜 )every moment with my may be under great I want to make sweet ’s want to grow taller! 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確的用“ A”表示，不正確的用“ B”表示。 ( ) Hui has few friends and she wishes to make friends with some boys in her class. ( ) Yujie thinks it’ s important for them to spread laughter and warmth to others. ( ) Langjing wants to climb mountains in Xinjiang and Taiwan. ( ) rock band will have a contest in February， and Ma Yue wants to get a ticket to it. ( ) Yunxiao hopes that his family will have good health and he wants to grow taller. BA B A A Passage 2 [2022 臨沂中考 ] Have you seen some machines that eat used plastic bottles and give some coins to the users(用戶 )? Recently， such machines have appeared at universities in can turn rubbish into treasure and encourage the public to recycle machine is as large as a put an empty bottle in the is identified(識別 ) by a small it is put into a built－ in users can get some can also give away the money. When the machine is filled with bottles， it will tell the pany’ s(公司 ) head stations will send workers to have bottles collected， packed and sent to the pany. The bottle recycling machines could greatly encourage the public to recycle rubbish and save natural resources (資源 )． Now the machine only eats plastic sometime in the future it will also cover others， such as glass bottles， to turn more rubbish into treasure and make full use of the natural resources. People can also see similar machines in th