【正文】 loves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programs and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may e as an unpleasant surprise.　　　　[參考譯文] 在最后三章中，他脫下手套，將神造論者好好地揍了一頓。他描述了他們的活動和戰(zhàn)術(shù)，而且，對于那些對神造論者的做事方式不熟悉的人來說，神造論者的欺騙和扭曲事實的程度可能會令這些人有一種不快的詫異?！　　　結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 第一句話的主體結(jié)構(gòu)是…h(huán)e takes off…and gives…，第二句是 and 連接的兩個并列句。在第二個分句中，前面插入了一個介詞詞組 for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists，其中 unfamiliar 相當(dāng)于省略了 who are 的定語從句，修飾 those。　　　　[閱讀重點] 第一句話中，作者把寫書比喻成拳擊，因而要抨擊神造說/特創(chuàng)論的時候，用了 takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating 這樣的句子。第二句中，關(guān)鍵要弄清楚 their programs and tactics, their deception and distortion 中的兩個 their 指代的都是 creationists，而不是指那些對神造論者的處事方式不熟悉的人。　　　　On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: This book stands for reason itself. And so it doesand all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.　　　　[參考譯文] 在這本杰出的書的外紙封面上，史蒂芬？杰伊？古爾德寫道：這本書本身就代表理性。而它確實是這樣的而且如果理性成為神造論/進(jìn)化論之間的辯論中的惟一評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的話，一切就都好辦了?！　　　結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 第一句話中是主語+謂語動詞+直接引語。第二句表示對第一句中的觀點的贊同，破折號后作進(jìn)一步解釋；其中隱含一個 if 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示虛擬語氣。在正式的文體中，倒裝可以用來代替 if 引導(dǎo)的表示假設(shè)的狀語從句。were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate 相當(dāng)于 if reason were the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate。　　　　[閱讀重點] 注意 so it does 的用法：so+主語+助動詞，表示對前面表述的觀點的贊同，注意這一結(jié)構(gòu)與 so+助動詞+主語 結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。后者表示也的意思，只用在肯定句當(dāng)中。另外應(yīng)注意破折號后解釋部分中的條件句里時態(tài)的運(yùn)用：if 條件狀語從句中使用過去時 were，主句中用過去將來時 would do，是作出與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)?！　　　⊙a(bǔ)充難句翻譯　　　?、賂he goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.　　　　[參考譯文] 所有這些書的目的都是要努力向迷惑而且通常還沒有被啟發(fā)的普通民眾解釋：不可能有兩種同樣站得住腳的關(guān)于宇宙和生命的起源和演化的科學(xué)理論同時存在。　　　　[結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 The goal… will be to try to explain…，其中 explain 后面接的是雙賓語：explain to sb. sth.，這里 sth. 是 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 there are not…?！　　　閱讀重點] all 指代上文提到的書籍，要注意 origin 和 evolution 是并列的，而universe 和 life 是并列的。而 confused 和 unenlightened 也是并列的?！　　　、赟cientific creationism, which is being pushed by some for equal time in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science.　　　　[參考譯文] 科學(xué)的神造說/特創(chuàng)論不論什么時候談到進(jìn)化的科學(xué)解釋的時候，某些人就會要求在教室里獲得同等的時間來解釋這一學(xué)說是以宗教為基礎(chǔ)的，而不是以科學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)。　　　　[結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 句子的主體結(jié)構(gòu)是… creationism is based… on religion, not science，其中which 引導(dǎo)了一個非限定性定語從句 which is being pushed by some for equal time in the classroom…修飾 creationism，在這一定語從句中，whenever 引導(dǎo)了一個時間狀語從句 whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given?！　　　閱讀重點] 首先要理解非限定性定語從句的用法，另外，在閱讀中可以先跳過非限定性定語從句，只看句子的主干。　　　　語言點詳解　　　　1. creationism 神造說，特創(chuàng)論（一種反進(jìn)化論的學(xué)說）　　　　2. rumor has it 據(jù)傳言說　　[大綱詞匯] rumor/ rumour ，謠言　　[經(jīng)典例句] Rumor has it that more than 20 people died in the accident.　　　　3. pipeline 供應(yīng)線　　[大綱詞匯] pipeline ，管線　　　　4. unenlighted 未受啟蒙的　　[大綱詞匯] enlighten ，啟蒙，教導(dǎo)　　[衍生詞匯] enlightened ，有知識的，文明的 enlightening ，啟發(fā) unenlightened ，愚昧無知的，落后的　　[經(jīng)典例句] He regarded most people as unenlightened.　　　　5. citizenry 老百姓 　　[大綱詞匯] citizen ；市民，平民　　[衍生詞匯] citizenry n.〔總稱〕公民；市民；老百姓　　　　6. cosmology 宇宙論　　[大綱詞匯] cosmic 　　[衍生詞匯] cosmology ，宇宙哲學(xué)　　　　7. geology 地質(zhì)學(xué)　　[大綱詞匯] geology 　　　　5. biology 生物學(xué)　　[大綱詞匯] biology 　　　　9. consistent 前后一致的　　[大綱詞匯] consistent a.（with）前后一致的，始終如一的　　[經(jīng)典例句] What he said was consistent with what he did.　　　　10. unified 統(tǒng)一的　　[大綱詞匯] unify ；使同意；使相同，使一致 　　[經(jīng)典例句] It is their strong wish that the country should be unified.　　11. constantly　　[大綱詞匯] constant ，不斷的；堅定的；永恒的；忠實的　　[衍生詞匯] constantly ，不斷地　　[經(jīng)典例句] The world is changing constantly.　　　　12. virtually 實際上 　　[大綱詞匯] virtual ，事實上的　　[衍生詞匯] virtually ad實際上，事實上　　[經(jīng)典例句] The city virtually disappeared in the tornado.　　　　13. majority 大多數(shù)　　[大綱詞匯] major a.（較）大的，（較）重要的 ，主修科目；專業(yè)學(xué)生，少校v. （in）主修，專攻 majority ，大多數(shù)　　[經(jīng)典例句] The majority of the Senate voted against the motion.　　　　14. nonfundamentalist 非原教旨主義者　　[大綱詞匯] fundamental ，基本的；n.[pl.]基本原則，基本原理　　[衍生詞匯] fundamentalist nonfundamentalist 　　　　15. glve an introduction to 介紹……　　　　[大綱詞匯] introduction n.（to）介紹；傳入，引進(jìn)；導(dǎo)言，導(dǎo)論，緒論　　[經(jīng)典例句] The mayor give his guest a brief introduction to his city.　　　　[大綱詞匯] appropriate a. （to）適當(dāng)?shù)?，恰如其分的[經(jīng)典例句] He intended to propose his plan in appropriate time.　　　　17. take off 脫下　　[大綱詞匯] takeoff 拿走；脫下；起飛　　[經(jīng)典例句] He helped the old lady to take off her coat.　　　　15. give…a good beating 把…痛打一頓　　[大綱詞匯] beat ，敲；打敗，戰(zhàn)勝；（心臟等）跳動，搏動 ，敲擊聲，節(jié)拍；（心臟等）跳動，搏動　　[衍生詞匯] beating ，捶打；打敗　　[經(jīng)典例句] The Russian troop gave a good beating to their enemy.　　　　19. tactics 策略　　[大綱詞匯] tactics ，戰(zhàn)術(shù)　　[經(jīng)典例句] This is a fairly mon tactics among junior executive.　　　　20. extent 程度　　[大綱詞匯] extent ，寬度，長度；程度，限度　　[經(jīng)典例句] What he did exceeded the extent of his authority.　　　　21. deception 欺騙　　[大綱詞匯] deceive ，蒙蔽　　[衍生詞匯] deception ，蒙蔽　　[經(jīng)典例句] He was furious at the deception of his friends.　　　　22. distortion 歪曲　　[大綱詞匯] distort ，扭曲　　[衍生詞匯] distortion ，扭曲，變形　　[經(jīng)典例句] What we have heard is a total distortion of facts.　　　　23. motivation 動力　　[大綱詞匯] motive ，目的　　[衍生詞匯] motivation ；動力，誘因，刺激　　[經(jīng)典例句] The child has not found any motivation for learning.　　　　24. philosopher 哲學(xué)家　　[大綱詞匯] philosopher ，哲人 philosophy 　　　　25. in part 部分來說　　[經(jīng)典例句] He failed in part because of his carelessness.　　　　26. clarity 清晰　　[大綱詞匯] clarity ，明晰 clarify ，闡明　　[經(jīng)典例句] I remembered the scene with plete clarity.　　　　27. effectiveness 有效　　[大綱詞匯] effective ，生效的　　[衍生詞匯] effectiveness 　　[經(jīng)典例句] No one doubts the effectiveness of the drug.　　　　28. nonspecialist 非專家　　[大綱詞匯] specialist specialize v. （ in）專攻，專門研究，專業(yè)化 　　specialty ，特質(zhì)；專業(yè)，專長　　[衍生詞匯] nonspecialist非專家　　　　29. notion 概念　　[大綱詞匯] notion ，想法，意念，看法，觀點　　[經(jīng)典例句] Her notion of rural life is a lot of sunshine and fun.　　　　30. dust jacket 包在書外起保護(hù)和裝飾作用的紙封面　　　　31. in its true sense 真正意義上的　　[經(jīng)典例句] His behavior in its true sens