【正文】 在過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先，用過去完成時(shí)；發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時(shí)。12 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.c. 表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示amp。quot。原本?，未能?amp。quot。We had hoped that you would e, but you didn’t.3) 過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。He said that he had learned some English before.By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.典型例題The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 答案D. amp。quot。把書忘在辦公室amp。quot。發(fā)生在amp。quot。去取書amp。quot。這一過去的動(dòng)作之前，因此amp。quot。忘了書amp。quot。這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去，用過去完成時(shí)。句中when表示的是時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)，表示在amp。quot。同學(xué)們正忙于??amp。quot。這一背景下，when所引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。因此前一句應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。注意： had no ? when 還沒等?? 就??had no sooner? than 剛?? 就??He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.其他關(guān)于動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的知識(shí)點(diǎn).1 用一般過去時(shí)代替完成時(shí)1)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強(qiáng)調(diào)先后，或用then，and，but 等連詞時(shí)，多用一般過去時(shí)。 When she saw the mouse，she screamed.My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.2 ) 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時(shí)；如第一個(gè)動(dòng)作需要若干時(shí)間完成，用過去完成時(shí)。 When I heard the news, I was very excited.3) 敘述歷史事實(shí)，可不用過去完成時(shí)，而只用一般過去時(shí)。Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.2 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，條件句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)When, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediatelyHe is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨媽。 典型例題(1）He said he________me a present unless I_______ in doing the experiment.A. had not given。 had not succeeded B. would not give。 succeedC. will not give。 succeed D. would not give。 will succeed.答案B. 在時(shí)間，條件或讓步主語(yǔ)從句中一般不用將來時(shí)。本題有He said，故為過去式。主句用將來時(shí)，故選B. 此處用一般過去式代替了過去將來時(shí)。(2) 表示現(xiàn)在已安排好的未來事項(xiàng)，行程等活動(dòng)。The museum opens at ten tomorrow. 博物館明天10點(diǎn)開門。(實(shí)際上每天如此。) 3一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替過去時(shí)1 )amp。quot。書上說amp。quot。，amp。quot。報(bào)紙上說amp。quot。等。The newspaper says that it’s going to be cold tomorrow.報(bào)紙上說明天會(huì)很冷的。13 2) 敘述往事，使其生動(dòng)。Napoleon’s army now advances and the great battle begins.4 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替完成時(shí)1) 有些動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替完成時(shí)：hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know, find , say, remember.I hear (= have heard) he will go to London.I forget (=have forgotten) how old he is.2) 句型 amp。quot。 It is ? since?amp。quot。代替amp。quot。It has been ? since ?amp。quot。3) It is (= has been) five years since we last met.5 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替進(jìn)行時(shí)1) 句型：Here es? ； There goes?Look, here es Mr. Li.6現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來時(shí)1) 表示即將發(fā)生的或預(yù)定中計(jì)劃好的活動(dòng)。Are you staying with us this weekend? 這周和我們一起度周末嗎?We are leaving soon. 我們馬上就走。2) 漸變動(dòng)詞，如：get, run, grow, bee, begin及die。He is dying.7時(shí)態(tài)一致1) 如果從句所敘述的為真理或不變的事實(shí)，則永遠(yuǎn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。At that time, people did not know that the earth moves.He told me last week that he is eighteen.2) 賓語(yǔ)從句中的助動(dòng)詞ought, need, must, dare 時(shí)態(tài)是不變的。He thought that I need not tell you the truth.8 時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) every ?, sometimes, at ?, on Sunday,一般過去時(shí) yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now一般將來時(shí) next?, tomorrow, in+時(shí)間,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always, recently過去完成時(shí) before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as過去進(jìn)行時(shí) this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening? when, while將來進(jìn)行時(shí) soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)鞏固練習(xí)50題( )1. There _______ no hospitals in my hometown fifty years ago.A. is B. are C. was D. were( )2. Who sings best in your class? Jenny _______.A. do B. did C. does D. has done( )3. _____ the young girl _____ the old man clean his room every day? Yes, she does.A. Does。 help B. Has。 helped C. Did。 help D. Do。 helps14 ( )4. Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? You can when you _______ a bit older.A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got( )5. What does Linda often do in the evening? She often _______ her homework, but on the evening of March 12 she _______ TV.A. does。 watches B. is doing。 watched C. does。 watched D. is doing。 was watching( )6. Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _______ around the sun.A. was moving B. moved