【正文】 9。s textile exports to the United States as an important product, accounting for exports in foreign trade and a very important position. However, the special protection of the United States to set up the threshold of a textile export has been substantially reduced.Third, to deal with Chinaamp。39。s textile trade barriers Suggestions green1. The path of sustainable development path of the textile industryFuture trends in textile exports is sustainable.Of industrial and mercial enterprises, sustainable development means to take to meet current business needs and their interests and activities of the business strategy. At the same time, the continued protection of the future needs and to increase the human and natural resources. The essence of the concept of industrial and mercial enterprises in the field of special interests and their concerns, but also be aware of the economic development of industrial and mercial enterprises to meet their needs of stakeholders, but also stressed the importance of business and economic activities on natural resources (including fixed capital and financial capital) dependence, and stressed that economic activities should not be so natural and human resources can not pensate for the degradation or destruction,2. Change our concepts, to increase environmental awareness among the textile enterprisesIn China, peopleamp。39。s environmental awareness has greatly improved. However, traderelated environmental issues, awareness is also low. For example, in recent years, as Chinaamp。39。s WTO accession process, there has been general publicity WTO heat. Many experts, academics and government officials in a book, writing articles, doing reports on WTO knowledge, research on Chinaamp。39。s accession to the WTO and industrial sectors of the socioeconomic impacts and responses. However, few of which related to trade and environment issues. In addition, some of our enterprises to expand investment, they often give priority to the expansion of production and management, very few will be considered for the purpose of improving the environment.The reason is that environmental investment and the petitiveness of their products have a dual nature of the relationship. In the long term, environmental investment can improve the petitiveness of their products, but in the short term, especially the initial stage of investment, but could undermine the petitiveness of products.3. Access to environmental label certificationEnvironmental labeling, also known as amp。quot。ecolabeling,amp。quot。 amp。quot。Green Labelamp。quot。 is a print or paste in the product or packaging labels. It is by the government departments or public and private institutions to grant a certificate of the manufacturer to prove that not only the quality of their products, and in the production, use and disposal of the process is also in line with environmental requirements, pared with similar products on the human body health or the environment with no or only slight harm, or in favor of renewable resources and recycling and other advantages. Chinaamp。39。s textile enterprises in the OekoTex Standard 100 certification it is lagging behindChinaamp。39。s existing textile and apparel manufacturers of more than 70,000, is the worldamp。39。s largest textile and apparel production and exporting countries, such as certification status, is obviously extremely disproportionate.4. The use of PPM standards environment to improve product petitiveness environmentPPM standard environment is the process of product processing and processing methods must ply with specific environmental standards. WTOamp。39。s amp。quot。Agreement on Technical Barriers to Tradeamp。quot。 and amp。quot。Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Agreementamp。quot。 are related to the PPM standards: the right to restrict the importing countries do not meet national standards for products imported PPM, but on condition that such standards limit the impact of product performance。 SPS agreement, the implementation of PPM standards of importing countries to restrict trade, only the area and to protect its flora and fauna or human life and health are limited。 WTO standards on the application of PPM to limit to require members in the implementation of these two agreements, 附錄B綠色貿(mào)易壁壘的特征及負面影響一、綠色貿(mào)易壁壘的特征 　　 。綠色貿(mào)易壁壘保護的范圍極其廣泛,它涉及資源環(huán)境與人類健康有關(guān)商品的生產(chǎn)、銷售方面的規(guī)定,凡是與自然資源、生態(tài)環(huán)境、人類健康有關(guān)的產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易均在保護之列?！　?。綠色貿(mào)易壁壘標榜保護地球生態(tài)環(huán)境與人類健康，而在環(huán)境污染日益嚴重生態(tài)環(huán)境遭到極大破壞的背景下,人們對生存環(huán)境和生活質(zhì)量的要求越來越高，人們越來越認同綠色貿(mào)易壁壘，有一定的合理性。 　　。綠色貿(mào)易壁壘是以一系列國際國內(nèi)公開立法作為依據(jù)，發(fā)達國家通過環(huán)保立法,為綠色貿(mào)易壁壘提供法律支持,具有形式上的合法性。 　　。綠色貿(mào)易壁壘沒有限制哪個具體國家,表面上是一視同仁。但是綠色貿(mào)易壁壘隱蔽于具體的貿(mào)易法規(guī)和國際公約的執(zhí)行過程中，各種檢驗標準極為復(fù)雜,往往使出口國難以應(yīng)付和適應(yīng)。 二、綠色貿(mào)易壁壘對我國出口貿(mào)易的負面影響 　　 。發(fā)達國家憑借其強大的經(jīng)濟實力和先進的科技水平,蓄意提高環(huán)保標準,通過立法或制定苛刻的環(huán)境技術(shù)標準,使發(fā)展中國家難以適應(yīng)和承受,從而將來自于發(fā)展中國家的相關(guān)產(chǎn)品拒之門外。而我國作為最大的發(fā)展中國家也毫無例外地受到了嚴重影響，我國出口貿(mào)易相當部分是以初級低附加值產(chǎn)品為主,主要出口國家和地區(qū)是美國、歐盟、日本、東盟和韓國等。這些國家和地區(qū)大多數(shù)是世界貿(mào)易組織與環(huán)境委員會的成員,環(huán)保技術(shù)位居世界前列,環(huán)保標準相應(yīng)也就更為嚴格,在綠色貿(mào)易壁壘方面制定了苛刻條件。發(fā)達國家設(shè)置的綠色貿(mào)易壁壘所涉及的內(nèi)容相當廣泛,涉及到農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、紡織品、食品、醫(yī)藥品等眾多的產(chǎn)品以及這些產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)、加工、包裝以及廢棄后的處理等許多環(huán)節(jié)。因而我國的大多數(shù)產(chǎn)品很難在短期內(nèi)完全達到如此苛刻的要求和標準,通常只要任何一個產(chǎn)品在任何一個環(huán)節(jié)如不能符合標準,就會遭到他國市場的抵制,甚至禁止進口和退貨索賠,其結(jié)果使我國諸多出口產(chǎn)品受到嚴重影響。例如，2002年日本進出口檢驗檢疫部門從佛山市順德出口的白燒烤鰻中檢出磺胺類藥物殘留超標,18噸烤鰻被退回,對我國的養(yǎng)鰻業(yè)造成嚴重打擊,。服裝和紡織品出口方面,德國等西方國家從1994年起陸續(xù)立法禁止118種含偶氮染料的紡織品出口,使我國現(xiàn)有的104種偶氮染料的紡織品出口中斷。發(fā)達國家通過綠色貿(mào)易壁壘的實施,達到其借口保護本國環(huán)境、排擠他國產(chǎn)品流入的目的,使更多的貿(mào)易發(fā)生在發(fā)達國家間或國際經(jīng)濟組織成員國內(nèi)部,進而影響了發(fā)展中國家的出口市場范圍與經(jīng)濟增長。,削弱了產(chǎn)品的國際競爭力。在我國，由于環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施落后，環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)不發(fā)達,社會整體技術(shù)水平不高,投資開發(fā)適應(yīng)國際環(huán)保標準的產(chǎn)品勢必占用很多的資金，而這些成本又不得不包含在出口產(chǎn)品的成本中，這對我國大部分企業(yè)來說是一個沉重包袱。由于發(fā)達國家通過征收綠色關(guān)稅和綠色技術(shù)標準、生態(tài)標簽等的設(shè)置，使我國出口產(chǎn)品不得不越來越多地接受各種檢驗、認證和技術(shù)鑒定等繁雜手續(xù),并且在包裝裝璜、商品廣告等方面做出更多的適應(yīng)性調(diào)整。這樣出口產(chǎn)品的各種費用將會大幅度上升,使我國出口產(chǎn)品成本顯著提高，弱化了相應(yīng)產(chǎn)品的價格優(yōu)勢，降低了該類產(chǎn)品的國際競爭力。如發(fā)達國家征收綠色關(guān)稅,進口商不僅要交納正常進口關(guān)稅,還要支付不菲的進口附加關(guān)稅或者罰款,導(dǎo)致這些產(chǎn)品的成本大幅上升,進而喪失價格優(yōu)勢。 　　，加劇發(fā)達國家與發(fā)展中國家之間的矛盾。近年來,發(fā)達國家以保護環(huán)境為名經(jīng)常采取單方面的貿(mào)易措施，由此引發(fā)的多邊或雙邊貿(mào)易摩擦日益增多。發(fā)達國家以限制進口和保護本國市場的主要目的，以保護人類健康和生態(tài)環(huán)境為名，通過綠色貿(mào)易壁壘對發(fā)展中國家加以限制。而發(fā)展中國家則認為發(fā)達國家以保護環(huán)境為借口,推行貿(mào)易保護主義，發(fā)達國家不應(yīng)過多地把貿(mào)易與環(huán)境問題糾纏在一起,而應(yīng)幫助或至少不阻礙發(fā)展中國家發(fā)展經(jīng)濟,綠色貿(mào)易壁壘已在相當程度上轉(zhuǎn)變成發(fā)達國家推行貿(mào)易保護政策的載體。發(fā)達國家的早期發(fā)展造成了一定程度的環(huán)境惡化,更加明白環(huán)境污染的危害性,這些國家的投資者為了獲取企業(yè)高額利潤和逃避所在國嚴格的污染治理規(guī)定,利用發(fā)展中國家環(huán)境標準要求低的條件,在這些