【正文】 days have I seen him, standing blue nosed in the snow and east wind!”(“在許多冬日我都能看到他，鼻子凍得發(fā)紫，站在飛雪和東風中”). While saying some kind of wind which makes people cold, Dickens certainly would chose “east wind”, according to his cognition. While in China, the east wind from the Pacific Ocean is warm. While east wind blows, spring e, all plants germinate. Therefore, in Chinese mind, east wind embodies the power and momentum of life, bright sunshine, beautiful flowers and other pictures of prosperity. This culture is passed down from generation to generation in the form of idioms. While knowing the whole world, there are many things and phenomenon that are crucial and powerful. In order to make them more vivid and clearer, many expressions used “東風”. “萬事具備只欠東風”（“All we need is an east wind – all is ready except what is crucial”）. Here “東風” is chose to say some crucial thing. The example of “west wind” and “西風” (Xi Feng)The west wind from Atlantic Ocean is warm while the west wind from Siberian is cold. In Jone Mesefield’s The West Wind, we can see, “It’s warm wind, the west wind, full of bird’s cries.”(“那是一種溫暖的風，西風吹時，萬鳥爭鳴?！?. For Englishmen, west wind is symbolic of something that is beautiful and fortable. Jone Milton said west winds was with nusky wing (“And west winds with nusky wing”“翅膀芬芳的西風”). However, “west wind ” of England is totally different from the “西風” (Xi Feng) in China. In Chinese famous opera of《西廂記》 (The Romance of Western Bower, Wang Shipu, Yuan Dinasty), there is “碧云天，黃葉地，西風緊,北雁南飛”. No wonder Englishmen would fell awkward when they read famous translator Xu Yuanchong’s translation of “With clouds the sky turns grey/ O’er yellowbloompaved way. / How bitter blows the western breeze!” They cannot help asking, why Chinese famous writer Wang Shipu used “bitter” to describe west wind and would it be bitter. The influences on metaphorsTo get the idea of the influences of different geographical features on metaphors, the concept of metaphor and the relationship between cognition and metaphors should be knew well. MetaphorOxford Advanced Learner’s EnglishChinese Dictionary (2004:1093) gives the definition of metaphor, saying “a word or phrase used in an imaginative way to describe sb. / sth. else, in order to show that the two things have the same qualities and to make the description more powerful.” The essence of it is to paring one thing to help understanding and experiencing the other thing.The world consists of innumerable different objects, while the expressions of human language are limited. Thus, people try to seek for similarities between various objects and apply some properties of one object to another on the basis of their existing knowledge and experience of the world, and then the latter object will be given a vivid meaning which can be analyzed the first one. Hence, two totally different objects can be put together to seek for meaning of one object in terms of another. The relationship between cognition and metaphorsMetaphor covers all the corner of our daily munication. It is even said one person may use some one metaphor every three sentences (L amp。 J, qtd. in He Ziran:65). Initially, metaphor is a figure of speech, which is great creation of poets. It is a mon figure of speech in our daily life and a lovely means of expression originated from life. However, metaphor is not only a figure of speech, but also a tool of awareness of the world. Since the 20th century, people have been in the position to search for the relationship between metaphor and psychology, philosophy, linguistic, etc. . Further, some regards metaphor as a tool of cognition, which may give more room to the research for both human being and society, which is the character of all human being’s thinking, and which is generally exist in all kinds of culture and languages all over the world. It is a mapping from source domain to target domain that makes it possible to conceptualize from surrounding.Therefore, metaphor is another type of culture. From time to time, most cognition on geographical culture is passed down from generation to generation in the form of metaphor. The differences of cognitive structure in two counties as the geographical features bring people different imaginative parison while forming metaphor. The different cognition influences on metaphorsIn chapter Ⅲ, the figure: Language Cognition “Language 1 geography Language 2 geography Cognition Language”shows that since the geographical features in two countries are different, after two kinds of totally different cognitive structure, the language metaphor of expressing a same object or phenomenon would be different. The example of “water” and “土”(Tu, mud)England is on the small island of Great Britain. It is possible to travel to seacoast within one day. In Englishmen’s mind, there is so much unlimited water around them. In China, boundless inland made those ancient Chinese nearly impossible to get to seacoast. Also, near two third of the territory is arid or semiarid regions. The fact reflects on ancient Chinese nervous systems and found cognition that water is extremely valuable. Instead, unlike England, it is a huge territory, and there are large amounts of “土”(mud) because of many mountains. in Chinese mind, there is cognition that “土”(mud) is unlimited. Idioms usually directly show the traditional culture of one language. Here is an idiom just using a different metaphor to make language more vivid. In English, it was said that “spend money like water” to express some extravagant person who have used up lots of money. Chinese don’t say “揮金如水”（Hui Jin Ru Shui,）, because it is impossible in Chinese to Squander “水” (water), in our mind, but “土”(mud). So there is “揮金如土” (Hui Jin Ru Tu, spend money like mud) to express the same mea