【正文】 10%計(jì)算。貸款利息：長(zhǎng)期借款及流動(dòng)資金借款利息均按年利率6%計(jì)算。稅金： 增值稅按現(xiàn)行增值稅稅率17%計(jì)算，城市維護(hù)建設(shè)稅按增值稅的7％計(jì)，教育費(fèi)附加按增值稅的3％計(jì)，所得稅按利潤(rùn)總額的33％計(jì)算。場(chǎng)地租賃費(fèi)：按每年每畝500元計(jì)算，項(xiàng)目全部占地面積200畝，年租賃費(fèi)共10萬(wàn)元。二、 財(cái)務(wù)評(píng)價(jià)成本費(fèi)用測(cè)算成本費(fèi)用計(jì)算詳見附表3《總成本費(fèi)用計(jì)算表》。 由表中可知，本項(xiàng)目正常生產(chǎn)年份，,可變成本3355萬(wàn)元,經(jīng)營(yíng)成本4258萬(wàn)元。銷售收入和銷售稅金計(jì)算產(chǎn)品銷售價(jià)格按500元/噸（含稅價(jià)）計(jì)算，正常年份產(chǎn)品銷售量為10萬(wàn)噸，銷售收入為5000萬(wàn)元，產(chǎn)品增值稅為245萬(wàn)元。產(chǎn)品銷售收入及稅金逐年情況詳見附表4《損益與利潤(rùn)分配表》。利潤(rùn)及利潤(rùn)分配表計(jì)算利潤(rùn)及利潤(rùn)分配計(jì)算詳見附表4《損益與利潤(rùn)分配表》。由表中可知，本項(xiàng)目正常年份利潤(rùn)總額為394萬(wàn)元，年上交所得稅130萬(wàn)元，凈利潤(rùn)264萬(wàn)元。三、財(cái)務(wù)盈利能力分析項(xiàng)目投資利潤(rùn)率為39%（稅前）,%.%?，F(xiàn)金流量計(jì)算詳見附表6《項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)現(xiàn)金流量表》，附表7《資本金財(cái)務(wù)流金流量表》。由表中可以得出以下指標(biāo)：%（稅前），財(cái)務(wù)凈現(xiàn)值（i=12%）為2105萬(wàn)元，（稅前）。%，財(cái)務(wù)凈現(xiàn)值為1442萬(wàn)元。四、清償能力分析借款償還期計(jì)算若以項(xiàng)目未分配利潤(rùn)及折舊歸還固定資產(chǎn)借款，（包括建設(shè)期）。詳見附表5《借款還本付息表》。資金來(lái)源與運(yùn)用分析資金來(lái)源與運(yùn)用分析詳見附表8《資金來(lái)源與運(yùn)用表》。由表中可知，項(xiàng)目計(jì)算期內(nèi)除能做到資金收支平衡外，還可累計(jì)盈余資金404萬(wàn)元。資產(chǎn)負(fù)債分析資產(chǎn)負(fù)債分析詳見附表9《資產(chǎn)負(fù)債計(jì)算表》。由表中可知，%，以后年份逐年下降，到第4年后一般穩(wěn)定在30%左右。項(xiàng)目流動(dòng)比率和速動(dòng)比率各年均在150%以上，到第6年穩(wěn)定在200%以上。以上指標(biāo)說(shuō)明該項(xiàng)目面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)程度不是很大，清償能力是比較強(qiáng)的。五、不確定分析敏感性分析 考慮該項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過(guò)程中一些不定因素的變化，分別對(duì)固定資產(chǎn)投資、經(jīng)營(yíng)成本、銷售收入作了提高10%和降低10%的單因素變化對(duì)內(nèi)部收益率、投資回收期的敏感性分析。見下表：敏感性分析表從表中可以看出，各因素的變化 都不同程度地影響內(nèi)部收益率及投資回收期，其中銷售收入及經(jīng)營(yíng)成本的提高或降低敏感性較大，固定資產(chǎn)投資的提高或降低敏感性很小。但從產(chǎn)品和市場(chǎng)情況看，銷售收入降低的可能性很小，因此應(yīng)加強(qiáng)企業(yè)管理，千方百計(jì)地降低企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)成本，防止因經(jīng)營(yíng)成本增加而影響項(xiàng)目經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。 盈虧平衡分析若以生產(chǎn)能力利用率表示盈虧平衡點(diǎn)（BEP），經(jīng)計(jì)算盈虧平衡點(diǎn)為：BEP=71%。這說(shuō)明項(xiàng)目達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)能力的70%，即年產(chǎn)量達(dá)到7萬(wàn)噸時(shí)，企業(yè)才能保本。因此應(yīng)加強(qiáng)項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)，確保項(xiàng)目正常生產(chǎn)。六、 經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)論由以上分析結(jié)果可以看出，本項(xiàng)目投資利潤(rùn)率、投資利稅率、內(nèi)部收益率、投資回收期等各項(xiàng)財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)都是十分理想的，其經(jīng)濟(jì)效益是顯著的。（包括建設(shè)期），具有較強(qiáng)的還貸能力；從項(xiàng)目敏感性分析和盈虧平衡分析結(jié)果看，項(xiàng)目有較強(qiáng)的抗風(fēng)能力。因此，本項(xiàng)目從財(cái)務(wù)角度看是完全可行的。that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films the starred in. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films. He lived in England and the USA but spend his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977. He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.AN APRIL FOOL’S JOKE: THE NOODLE HARVESTApril Fool’s day, or April 1st, is known in many countries as a day for playing jokes on others. It is usually a time when children make fun of each other, but sometimes other people can get caught in the fun too.One of the most famous jokes in England took place on British television in 1957. It was a Monday night when there were always many serious programmes on the television. One of them was called Panorama, this show explored problems and progress all over the world, so nobody was surprised when it began with a report on the excellent noodle harvest in the south Switzerland. The programme mentioned two reasons for the good crop: an unusually warm winter and the disappearance of the insect that attacked the noodle crop every year. The reporter showed many noodle trees with the farmers pulling noodles off them and putting them into baskets. The people watching were told that they may not have heard of noodles from this part of the world because noodles were grown as part of small family businesses.The programme makers makers realized that people might wonder why noodles were always the same size so that they explained that “it was the result of many years’ patient research with the tree to produce noodles of exactly the same length.” But even so they explained, the life of a noodle farmer was not easy. “The last two weeks of March are an anxious time for noodle farmers. There is always a chance of very cold weather spoiling their crop. Then it is difficult for them to get top prices on the markets.” Many people in England believed this story. They rang the BBC to find out hoe to grow their own noodle tree. They were told to “place a piece of noodle in a tin of tomato sauce and hope for the best.” This may seem very silly, but in the 1950s very few British people travelled aboard for their holidays and even fewer of them ate noodles. So it seemed possible to imagine that noodles grew on tree like apples, pears and nuts. People also trusted the Panorama programme for its careful research and serious information. So they were shocked to find the next day that they had all believed an April Fool’s joke. Even today the report of the noodle harvest is remembered as one of the best April Fool’s jokes ever!Unit 4Communication: No Problem?Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students. They were ing to study at Beijing University. We should take them first to their dormitories and then to the student cantee. After an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously. I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Columbia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was very surprised. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada. As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student. Just at that moment, however, Akira bowed so his nose touched George’s moving hand. They both apologized another cultural mistake!Ahmed Aziz, another international student, was from Jordan. When we met yesterday, he moved very close to me as I introduced myself. I moved back a bit, but he came closer to ask a question and then shook my hand. When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door, she recognized Tony Garcia39。s smiling face. They shook hand and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the France custom when adults meet people they know. Ahmed Aziz, on the contrary, simply nodded at the girls. Men from Middle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite close to other men to talk but will usually not touch women.As I get to know more international frien