何時(shí)用不定式何時(shí)用分詞和動(dòng)名詞-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-05-13 22:57本頁(yè)面
【正文】 He went to see him only to find him out. d) 作修飾表語(yǔ)形容詞的狀語(yǔ)。尤其要注意的是，此時(shí)作修飾表語(yǔ)形容詞狀語(yǔ)的不定式常用主動(dòng)形式，表示被動(dòng)的含義。如： My chair is fortable to sit on. English is very difficult to learn well. B．分詞可作多種狀語(yǔ)，用法比較活躍。 a)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（相當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句），如： Having finished his homework, he went to bed. (=After he had finished his homework, ．．．) (When) heated, ice will turn into water. (=When it is heated, ．．．) b)作原因狀語(yǔ)（相當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)從句），如： Being a Party member, I should take the lead. (=As I am a Party member, ．．．) Greatly inspired by the teacher’s words, he made up his mind to work even harder. (=Because he was greatly inspired by the teacher’s words, ．．．) c)作方式、伴隨或附加說(shuō)明狀語(yǔ)，如： Filled for the moment with extraordinary strength, he raised himself pletely. He stood there waiting for a bus. Here for the four very difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare, weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking. d)作條件狀語(yǔ)（相當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句），如： Given some more time, she will do work even better. (= If she is given some more time, ．．．) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. (=If you play all day, ．．． ) e) 作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，如： He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 有時(shí)在表示結(jié)果的現(xiàn)在分詞之前還可加only,表示預(yù)料之中的情況，如： He went to see him last night only finding him studying. He was always working hard! f) 作程度狀語(yǔ)，如： The wind rose and it became freezing cold. g)作目的狀語(yǔ)，如： Yesterday she went shopping with his classmates. h) 作讓步狀語(yǔ)（相當(dāng)于讓步狀語(yǔ)從句），如： Though warned of the danger, the children went on skating on the thin ice.(=Though they were warned of the danger, ．．．) 要點(diǎn)提示：分詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)，如果分詞表示的是主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，則用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)；如果分詞表示的是被動(dòng)、完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，則用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，如： Following the old man, he stepped into the room. Followed by the old man, he stepped into the room. Greatly interested ,I asked how he played these new works. ⑹ 不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞作獨(dú)立成分時(shí)的比較 A．不定式作獨(dú)立成分，表示不定式獨(dú)立于句子的其他成分，是英語(yǔ)表達(dá)的一種方式，不常用，如： To tell you the truth, I am almost freezing. To be honest, I don’t like being left alone at home. B．現(xiàn)在分詞作獨(dú)立成分，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度或看問(wèn)題的角度，如： Generally speaking, boys are physically stronger than girls. Judging from his accent ,he must be an American.動(dòng)詞不定式可以表示目的，也可以表示將來(lái)的情況現(xiàn)在分詞，是現(xiàn)在的情況，或者同時(shí)發(fā)生的情況過(guò)去分詞，同理啦，表示的是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的狀態(tài)在“go + ing形式（運(yùn)動(dòng)名稱(chēng)）”和“ do some + ing形式”這類(lèi)固定短語(yǔ)中。 We will go fishing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. She did some shopping last Sunday.位于would rather , had better , why (not)之后的不定式省略TO；You had better stay here until the police e.Why not go to the movie with us?need之后的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式的判定，主要考慮句子的主語(yǔ)同非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系：如句子的主語(yǔ)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，用不定式；如句子的主語(yǔ)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，用ing形式。 We need to water the flowers this afternoon. The flowers need watering this afternoon.7
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