【正文】 an one made of wood.⑧倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。（A）A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B. 這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大（高）。The new bui9lding is four times the size(the height)of the old （高三倍）。（B）A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. Asia is four times as large as 。（C）A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. Your school is three times bigger than 。用times 表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double.(4)最高級(jí)的用法。①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時(shí)，用“the + 最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。如：Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works(the)hardest in his class.②最高級(jí)可被序數(shù)詞以及much、by far、nearly、almost 、by no means、not quite、not really、nothing like等詞語(yǔ)所修飾。如：This hat is by far / much / nearly / almost / not nearly / by no means / not quite / nothing like the biggest.How much did the secon most expensive hat cost?③表示“最高程度”的形容詞，如excellent、extreme、perfect等，沒(méi)有最高級(jí)，也不能用比較級(jí)。④形容詞最高級(jí)修飾作表語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)的名詞、代詞時(shí)，被修飾的詞往往省略。如：He is the tallest (boy) in his class.⑤作狀語(yǔ)的副詞最高級(jí)前可以不加定冠詞。如：Of all the boys he came (the) earliest.(5)形容詞和副詞前面使用冠詞的情況。①形容詞最高級(jí)前一般要加定冠詞，副詞最高級(jí)前可不加冠詞。②形容詞最高級(jí)前有時(shí)加不定冠詞，或不加冠詞，不表比較，表示“非?！?。如：He is a most clever young policeman.(a most=very)The film is most interesting.(most=very)③表示兩者間“較……的一個(gè)”比較級(jí)前加the。如：who is the older of the tow boys?④在“the + 比較級(jí)…，the + 比較級(jí)…”結(jié)構(gòu)中。⑤在same前一般要加the。⑥有些形容詞前加the 成為名詞。如the poor、the rich 等。（6）由as / so組成的形容詞或副詞短語(yǔ)。① as much as + 不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量。Each stone weighs as much as fifteen tons.She could earn as much as ten dollars a week.②as many as + 可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量 多達(dá)I have as a many as sixteen referrence books.③as early as早在As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade the island.④as far as遠(yuǎn)到；就……而知（論）We might go as far as (走到)the church and back.As far as I know（就我所知），he has been there before.⑤may (might, could)as well不妨、不如Then you might as well stay with us here.⑥as … as can be到了最……的程度，極其They are as unreliable as they can 。⑦as … as one canHe began to run, as fast as he could.⑧as … as possibleJust get them to finish up as quickly as possible.(7)幾組重要的詞語(yǔ)辨析。①very 和much的區(qū)別。（A）可分等級(jí)的形容詞和副詞前使用very不用much。(B)表示狀態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞前用very。a very frightened boy, a very tired child, a very plicated problem, 一般的情況下，以ing、ed結(jié)尾的分詞多用much、very much / greatly等修飾。如：We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom. I was much amused by Jack’s attitude。(C)已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞前用very。如：very interesting / worrying / exicting。（D）too前用much或far,不用very。You are much / far / a lot too ，在too many / much, too few / little前用far。 There’s far too little opportunity for adventue these ’ve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups.（E）關(guān)于原級(jí)形容詞要記住下列固定的修飾結(jié)構(gòu)：（a）修飾絕對(duì)意義的形容詞，一般不用very,而用quite pletely、well、entirely。如：quite wrong(mistaken, sure)、pletely dead、quite impossible、quite perfect等。（b）修飾以a開(kāi)頭的形容詞，多有特殊的修飾詞：quite alone, very much alone, wide awake, fast asleep, very much afraid。(c)修飾一些特殊形容詞的修飾語(yǔ)有：be well worth, much the same, freezing cold, quite different, terribly cold / frightening。②so … that … 與such … that … 的區(qū)別。so + 形容詞 / 副詞 + that … so + 形容詞 + a（n）+ 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that … so + many / much / little / few + 名詞 + that … such + a(n)+ 形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that … such + 形容詞 + 不可數(shù)名詞 + that …such + 形容詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that …注意：下列結(jié)構(gòu)中只能用so不可用such,當(dāng)名詞前有many、much、little、few等表示“多、少”的詞修飾時(shí)，如 so much progress、so many people、so little food、so few apples等。但當(dāng)little表示“小”時(shí)用such。如：These are such little boys that they can’t dress ：so a diffcult problem,so difficult problems, so hot weather。③其他幾組詞的辨析。（A）ago、before:ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”；before指以過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)的某時(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用ago。（B）already、yet、still:already表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生；yet表示期待某事發(fā)生；still表示某事還在進(jìn)行，主要用于肯定句。(C)too、also、either:too和also用于肯定句，too多用于口語(yǔ)，also多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，either用于否定句。(D)good、well:與good不同的是，well作形容詞，只能在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)，表示“身體狀況好”，也作副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。(E)quick、fast:作形容詞皆表“快”。fast多指運(yùn)動(dòng)的物體，含持續(xù)的意思。quick多指一次動(dòng)作的敏捷、突然，而且持續(xù)的時(shí)間較短。(F)real、true:形容詞表“真的”。real強(qiáng)調(diào)真實(shí)存在的而不是幻想的，在句中常作定語(yǔ)；true指與事實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和實(shí)際情況相符合，在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。(G)hard、difficult:均表“困難”，但hard通常指體力上困難；difficult則指智力或技能上的困難，困難程度大于hard。它們都可作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)專題五——介詞和連詞一、考點(diǎn)聚焦介詞的分類與語(yǔ)法功能（1）介詞是虛詞，不能單獨(dú)作句子成分，必須與名詞、代詞（或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類、短語(yǔ)或從句等）構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。介詞分為：簡(jiǎn)單介詞，如at、in、for等；合成介詞，如within、inside、onto、througout等；短語(yǔ)介詞，如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。雙重介詞，如from behind / above / under、until after等。分詞介詞，如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。 常見(jiàn)的介詞賓語(yǔ)：名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、從句、不定式等。如：①I(mǎi)t is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.②He quarrelled with her yesterday.③He succeeded in passing the final exam.④I’m still thinking of how I can fulfil the task ahead of time.⑤The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.（2）介詞短語(yǔ)在句中可作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)等。如：①This machine is in good condition.(表語(yǔ))②Where is the key to my bike?(定語(yǔ))③Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(狀語(yǔ))④She always thinks herself above others.（賓補(bǔ)）介詞搭配（1）“動(dòng)詞+介詞”搭配：注意特定搭配與同一介詞與多個(gè)動(dòng)詞搭配意義不同的情況。①rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow(“奪去、除去”意義的動(dòng)詞與of 連用)②supply us with food / fill the glass with wine（“供給”意義的動(dòng)詞與with連用）③make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the material into a coat（“制作、制造”意義與of、from、into連用）④介詞 + the + 部位與動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系（=動(dòng)詞 + sb.’s + 部位，可換用）strike him on the head(“擊，拍，碰，摸”意義與on連用)catch him by the arm(“抓，拉，拿，扯”意義與by連用)hit the boy in the face（“肚，胸，眼，臉”等人體前部與in連用）⑤prevent(stop, keep)sb. from doing sth.(“阻止，禁止”意義與from連用)⑥persuade(advise, warn)sb. into doing sth.（“說(shuō)服，建議”意義與into連用）⑦buy sb. for sth.(leave、get、win、gain、lose等“得失”意義與for連用)⑧tell sb.(show、teach、sing、write、read等“告知”意義與to連用)⑨give sth. to sb.（give、allow、promise、pass、hand等“授予”意義與to連用）注意：⑦⑧⑨可換成buy 。⑩say to sb.(suggest、explain、apologize、murmur、whisper與“對(duì)象”連用必須用to)不可說(shuō)suggest .。同一動(dòng)詞與不同介詞搭配意義不同。for（尋找） to sth. of(聽(tīng)說(shuō)) on(拜訪)look to (眺望) agree with sb. hear call for(需要) at（看） on sth. from(收到信) in(請(qǐng))同一介詞與不同動(dòng)詞搭配，意義各異。reply to the letter回信，sing(dance)to the music和……唱（跳），amount to 達(dá)到，加起來(lái)有……，devote to把……貢獻(xiàn)給，drink to為……