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淺論基建工程的預(yù)結(jié)算審核畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)含外文翻譯-資料下載頁(yè)

2025-01-17 02:18本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 oor roof, (3) Windows and doors, (4) retaining structure with fixed fees directly to universities, such as。 (3) all kinds of structure: (1) masonry, (2) concrete and reinforced concrete, and (3) structure, (4) the metal structure, decoration, (5) conditions such as fixed fees directly to universities。 Civil engineering (4) professional investment ratio: (1), (2) water supply and drainage, (3) heating and ventilation, (4) electric lighting and so on various major accounts for the proportion of total cost。 (5) quantity consumption indexes, namely, steel, wood, cement, sand, stone, brick, tile, artificial unilaterally consumption of material such as the allegations. audit method and mon diseases. 4 audit method and mon diseases Due to budget personnel, the position of the position, viewpoint and method are also budgeting, appeared some mon diseases in different degrees. Some construction unit of construction drawing budget often appear the following diseases: (1) calculation of quantities is error: 1) rubble, T handover overlap repeat calculation of reinforced concrete foundation。 (2) the floor ground holes, munication of area of travel。 (3) the wall of the ring beam and lintel accounts for volume hadn39。t。 (4) worse, he dug pit earthwork often appear dig air phenomenon。 (5) reinforced calculation often travel protection layer。 6 force reinforced beams, plates, live junction or stirrup repeated calculation。 7) connect the ground, metope of plaster repeated calculation。 ...... (2) the high quota unit price set of positive error: 1) concrete grade and gravel particle size。 (2) member section, single volume。 (3) label masonry, plastering mortar and mixture ratio。 (4) a single scaffold height limit。 (5) decoration engineering level of ordinary, intermediate, advanced)。 6. Pit. Worse, the boundaries between the earthwork three。 All landowners conditions classification boundaries... (3) project is repeated error: (1) piece of material surface layer under the leveling layer。 (2) asphalt coiled material waterproof layer, under the asphalt gas insulation adhesive bitumen primer。 (3) of the prefabricated iron。 (4) belong to the category of construction project of water supply and drainage facilities. In adopting prehensive quota of budget projects, this phenomenon is particularly mon. (4) prehensive cost calculation error are: (1) an amortization measures means material。 (2) prehensive content of the project and quota has considered the content of the repeat。 (3) prehensive content of the project with increased winter rainy season construction fee, content repetition in the temporary facility fee. And some of the design unit and construction unit budget, personnel, or the construction unit of the beginner to often guilty of budget on the other hand, the mon disease: (1) of quantities calculation error. Completely according to the theory of dimension calculation of quantities. (2) budget items missing error. Lack of site construction management experience, construction of sense, omission or ambiguity processing often missing drawings. Due to the mon occupational disease category, and universal. Review the construction drawing budget, according to the clues and touch melon, eliminate the unreasonable part, added sound budget content, accurate calculation of quantities, reasonable fixed quota unit price, in order to achieve the purpose of ensuring construction cost reasonably. audit method, related projects and related data Project construction drawing budget dozens, hundreds, thousands of data. For starters, at first glance, seems to each project, there is no relationship between the data. Actually otherwise, these projects. Connected between the data. As long as we seriously review, careful analysis, we can infer their rule. Audit construction drawing budget, we can use these patterns to find do not conform to the rules of programs and data, such as items, items, data errors of quantities, etc., and then, the key audit according to this problem, such as: 1, the items and quantities of data associated with the construction area。 2, project related to outdoor area and volume of data。 3, and wall body area is related to the project and engineering quantity data。 4, items and quantities related to exterior wall edge data.
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