自考0522英語國家概況基礎(chǔ)班練習(xí)題全(13)-資料下載頁
2025-01-11 04:06本頁面
【正文】 】 The factors that have affected Australia’s trading patterns and international economic relations include the following:1） The dismantling of the Commonwealth Preference（特惠） , whereby Commonwealth countries gave each others’ products reduced tariff rates。 2 ） The creation of the European Community, which produced impediment to trade with European countries. 3） The rise of Japan as an economic ） The emergence of other Asian countries as manufacturers and ） The oilprice shocks the 1870s. 14. 【 正確答案 】 Australia’s service sector is the fastest – growing sector of industry. It has been growing in importance in recent decades. This is due to higher living standards and greater demand for more and better transport and housing, and the expansion by governments of educational, health and welfare services. Within the sector as a whole the most dramatic increase has been in information industries. International education services provided by Australia are also growing strongly. Australia has bee the preferred destination for students from Asia and is second to the . and Britain for students from other East Asian countries. 15. 【 正確答案 】 After World War II, increasing pressures was placed on Australian agriculture by events at home and abroad. At home, during the 1950s and 1960s, there was increasing protection of domestic manufacturing industries. This adversely affected the petitiveness of Australian agriculture. Australia’s loss of preferential access to the British market when Britain joined the European Economic Community in 1973 was a major blow to a number of Australia’s rural industries. During the 1970s and 1980s, increased protection of agriculture in developed countries like the and Japan made it more difficult for Australian agriculture to pete on world markets. 16. 【 正確答案 】 In a world context Australian manufacturing is unique. Its features include the following: 1） inefficiency. Australia’s limited local market, its geographical isolation and high levels of tariff protection are the factors that affect the efficiency of Australian ） Concentration. Though moderately sized, Australian industries are in ownership terms highly concentrated. There are about 14 large national monopolies in Australia. They exist in particularly important industries. 3） Foreign investment. Australian manufacturing relies heavily on foreign investment.
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